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Acquisition and waveform setup
R&S
®
MXO 4 Series
111User Manual 1335.5337.02 ─ 05
6.3.1 About the vertical system
The controls and parameters of the vertical system are used to scale and position the
waveform vertically.
Vertical scale and resolution
Vertical scale and vertical position directly affect the resolution of the waveform ampli-
tude. The vertical scale corresponds to the ADC input range. To get the full resolution
of the ADC, set up the waveforms to cover most of the height of the diagram.
With an R&S MXO 4, you work with multiple diagrams, and each diagram obtains the
full vertical resolution, no matter where the diagram is placed. Therefore, use a sepa-
rate diagram for each waveform instead of the traditional setup that arranges the wave-
forms side by side in one diagram.
Bandwidth
For analog applications, the highest signal frequency determines the required oscillo-
scope bandwidth. The oscilloscope bandwidth should be higher than the maximum fre-
quency included in the analog test signal to measure the amplitude with very little mea-
surement error. To avoid aliasing, the oscilloscope bandwidth should be at least 3
times higher than the maximum frequency included in the signal.
Most test signals are more complex than a simple sine wave and include several spec-
tral components. A digital signal, for example, is built up of several odd harmonics. For
digital signals, the oscilloscope bandwidth should be at least 5 times higher than the
clock frequency to be measured.
The oscilloscope is not a stand-alone system. You need a probe to measure the signal
of interest, and the probe has a limited bandwidth, too. The combination of oscillo-
scope and probe creates a system bandwidth. To reduce the effect of the probe on the
system bandwidth, the probe bandwidth should exceed the bandwidth of the oscillo-
scope, the recommended factor is 1.5 x oscilloscope bandwidth.
6.3.2 Vertical Setup settings
Access: "Menu" > "Vertical" > "Setup" tab
The "Setup" tab provides all basic vertical settings. The channels are listed in horizon-
tal subtabs. Make sure to select the correct channel tab before you enter the settings.
Vertical setup
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