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Maintenance
268
Tires and wheels
Belt
A rubber coated layer of cords
that is located between the plies and
the tread. Cords may be made from
steel or other reinforcing materials.
Bead
The tire bead contains steel
wires wrapped by steel cords that
hold the tire onto the rim.
Bias Ply Tire
A pneumatic tire in
which the plies are laid at alternate
angles less than 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread.
Cold Tire Pressure
The amount of
air pressure in a tire, measured in
pounds per square inch (psi) or kilo
-
pascals (kPa) before a tire has built
up heat from driving.
Curb Weight
This means the weight
of a motor vehicle with standard and
optional equipment including the
maximum capacity of fuel, oil and
coolant, but without passengers and
cargo.
DOT Markings
A code molded into
the sidewall of a tire signifying that
the tire is in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation motor
vehicle safety standards. The DOT
code includes the Tire Identification
Number (TIN), an alphanumeric des
-
ignator which can also identify the
tire manufacturer, production plant,
brand and date of production.
GVWR
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
GAWR FRT
Gross Axle Weight Rat
-
ing for the Front Axle.
GAWR RR
Gross Axle Weight Rating
for the Rear axle.
Intended Outboard Sidewall
The
side of an asymmetrical tire that
must always face outward when
mounted on a vehicle.
Kilopascal (kPa)
The metric unit for
air pressure.
Light truck (LT) tire
A tire desig
-
nated by its manufacturer as pri
-
marily intended for use on
lightweight trucks or multipurpose
passenger vehicles.
Load ratings
The maximum load
that a tire is rated to carry for a
given inflation pressure.
Load Index
An assigned number
ranging from 1 to 279 that corre
-
sponds to the load carrying capacity
of a tire.
Maximum Inflation Pressure
The
maximum air pressure to which a
cold tire may be inflated. The maxi
-
mum air pressure is molded onto
the sidewall.
Maximum Load Rating
The load
rating for a tire at the maximum per
-
missible inflation pressure for that
tire.
Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight
The sum of curb weight; accessory
weight; vehicle capacity weight; and
production options weight.
Normal Occupant Weight
The
number of occupants a vehicle is
designed to seat multiplied by 150
pounds (68 kg).
Occupant Distribution
Designated
seating positions.
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