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281, 282, 284
Users Manual
9-2
Introduction
Arbitrary (arb) waveforms are generated by sequentially addressing the RAM containing
the waveform data with the arbitrary clock. The frequency of the arb waveform is
determined both by the arb clock and the total number of data points in the cycle.
In this instrument an arb waveform can have up t
o 65,536 horizontal points. The vertical
range is -2048 to +2047, corresponding to a maximum peak-peak output of 20 V. Up to
100 waveforms can be stored in the 256 kByte non-volatile RAM and each waveform
may be given a name; the exact number that can be stored depends on the number of
points in each waveform.
Arb waveforms can be created using basic front panel editing capabilities (particularly
useful for modifying existing standard or arb waveforms) or by using waveform design
software that enables the user to create waveforms from mathematical expressions, from
combinations of other waveforms, or freehand. The appendix includes information about
the software tools available.
Arb Waveform Terms
The following terms are used in describing arb waveforms:
Horizontal size. The number of horizontal points is the time component of the
waveform
. The minimum size is 4 points and the maximum
is 65,536 points.
Waveform address. Each horizontal point on an arb waveform
has a unique
address. Addresses always start at 0000, thus the end address
is always one less than the horizontal size.
Arb frequency The arb frequency is the clock rate of the data RAM a
ddress
counters and has a range of 0·1 Hz to 40 MHz on these
instruments.
Waveform frequency. The waveform frequency
depends on both the arb frequency
and the horizontal size; for example a 1000 point waveform
clocked at an arb frequency of 40 MHz has a waveform
frequency of 40e6/1000 = 40 kHz.
Data Value. Each horizontal point in
the waveform has an amplitude
value in the range -2048 to +2047.
Arb waveform amplitude. When playing arb waveforms the
maximum output
amplitude will depend on both the range of data values and
the output amplitude setting. A waveform that contains data
values ranging from -2048 to +2047 will produce a
maximum output which is 100% of the programmed peak-to-
peak amplitude; if the maximum range of the data values is
only -1024 to +1023, for example, the maximum output will
only be 50% of the programmed level.
Arb Waveform Creation and Modification – General
Principles
Creating arb waveforms with the instrument alone consists of two main steps:
1. Creating a new blank waveform, or a copy of an existing one, and giving it a size and
a na
me
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