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iv
3.2.9
Knock ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
3.2.10
Lambda ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 74
3.2.11
MAP ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
3.2.12
Road Speed ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
3.2.13
Throttle Position.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 82
3.3 ACTUATORS ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 85
3.3.1
Carbon canister solenoid valve ................................................................................................................................................................ 85
3.3.2
Disel Glow Plugs ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 88
3.3.3
EGR Solenoid Valve ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 90
3.3.4
Fuel Pump ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
3.3.5
Idle speed control valve ............................................................................................................................................................................ 94
3.3.6
Injector (gasoline engine) ....................................................................................................................................................................... 96
3.3.7
Injector (Diesel) .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 98
3.3.8
Pressure regulator ................................................................................................................................................................................... 100
3.3.9
Quantity (Flow) control valve ............................................................................................................................................................... 102
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