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ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢȾɟɬɢɞɨɥɠɧɵɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɧɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

 Ⱦɚɧɧɵɦ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɢɫɬɚɪɲɟ  ɥɟɬ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɫ

ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɦɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɢɥɢɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɢɥɢɫɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ

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ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɚɬɚɤɠɟɟɫɥɢɨɧɢɨɫɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɵɨɛɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ

ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɹɯ

ɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɣɬɟɞɟɬɹɦɢɝɪɚɬɶɫɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ

 ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ

ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ

 ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɋɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ

ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɞɨɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɣɬɟɫɶɞɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯɜɧɭɬɪɢ

ɩɟɱɢ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɈɬɤɪɵɬɵɟɱɚɫɬɢɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɟɝɨɪɚɛɨɬɵɦɨɝɭɬ

ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹɞɨɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɣɬɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɶɤɧɟɦɭɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɦɞɟɬɹɦ

ɇɟɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣɞɜɟɪɰɵɩɟɱɢɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɦɢɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢɢ

ɨɫɬɪɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɫɤɪɟɛɤɚɦɢ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɰɚɪɚɩɚɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ

ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɪɚɫɬɪɟɫɤɢɜɚɧɢɸɫɬɟɤɥɚ

 ɉɟɪɟɞ ɫɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ

ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɧɚɦɟɫɬɨɤɚɤɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɨɜɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɬɚɤɨɣɞɚɬɱɢɤɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɞɥɹɷɬɨɣɩɟɱɢ

ɇɟɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɚɪɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ

 ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɤ ɲɧɭɪɭ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ

ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ

ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬ

ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɦ Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɦɟɸɳɢɣɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ

ɦɟɠɞɭɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɣɢɜɢɥɤɨɣɩɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɚɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɧɚɞɪɭɝɭɸɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨɬɢɩɚ

ȼɢɥɤɚ ɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ

ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɬɚɤɠɟɦɨɠɧɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɩɭɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹɦɟɠɞɭ

ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɢɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɭɸɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭɢ

ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɀɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ

ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɬɶɫɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟɞɥɹɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɢɥɢ

ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɞɨɥɠɧɵɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɭɞɨɛɧɨɣɡɨɧɟ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɟ

ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

 Ⱦɥɹ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ

ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɩɪɨɜɨɞɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ

 ȿɫɥɢ ɲɧɭɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɉɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɲɧɭɪ ɢɥɢ

ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɵɣɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɦɨɠɧɨɭɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɢɥɢɜɨɬɞɟɥɟɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ

ɒɧɭɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɬɢɩɚ+99)

ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɵɲɟɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ

ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɞɥɹɚɧɧɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ

ɉɟɪɟɞɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɭɞɚɥɢɬɶɜɫɟɢɡɥɢɲɤɢɪɚɡɥɢɬɨɝɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ

ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɩɢɪɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɦɨɝɭɬɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹɛɨɥɶɲɟɨɛɵɱɧɨɝɨ

ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɞɟɬɢɞɨɥɠɧɵɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɧɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

ɇɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɡɚɞɟɤɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɞɜɟɪɶɸɱɬɨɛɵɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜ

Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɹɜɧɭɬɪɢɩɨɥɤɭɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɭɩɨɪɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɜɜɟɪɯɢɜɧɭɬɪɶɲɤɚɮɚ

ɉɨɥɤɭɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɜɲɤɚɮɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿɇɟɜɵɫɬɢɥɚɣɬɟɫɬɟɧɤɢɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɨɣɮɨɥɶɝɨɣɢɥɢɨɞɧɨɪɚɡɨɜɨɣɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɣ

ɩɥɟɧɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɚɯ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɟ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɨɣ ɮɨɥɶɝɢ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ

ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɣɩɥɟɧɤɢɫɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɷɦɚɥɶɸɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬɪɢɫɤɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɱɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɷɦɚɥɶ

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿɇɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɫɧɢɦɚɣɬɟɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɟɞɜɟɪɰɵɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɉɊȺȼɂɅȺɌȿɏɇɂɄɂȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ

58

&Rɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ

ɈȻɓɂȿɊ(ɄɈɆȿɇȾȺɐɂɂ



Ⱦɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨɲɤɚɮɚɜɤɭɯɨɧɧɶɣ

ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪ

ȼɚɠɧɵɟɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ

ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ

Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɥɨɤ

ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɧɚɝɪɢɥɟ

Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ



ɎɭɧɤɰɢɹDTXDFWÕYD

<[RɞɢɨɱɢFWND

&HSEɢFKRHRɛFɥɭɠɢɜDKɢH

ɉɈɅȿɁɇɕȿɋɈȼȿɌɕ



ɌȺɃɆȿɊ



ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈɉɊɂɆ(+(+ɂɘ



ɂFɩRɥɶREDKɢHWDɣPHSD

ɂFɩRɥɶREDKɢHWDɣPHSDRNRKɱDKɢɹ

%SHPHKɢɩɪɢɝRWREɥHKɢɹ

ɍFWDKRENDWRɱKRɝRESHPHKɢ

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪɫɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ

58

ɈȻɓɂȿɊ(ɄɈɆȿɇȾȺɐɂɂ

ɗɬɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦ

Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɋɨɸɡɚ

 ɌɊ Ɍɋ  ©Ɉ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹª

ɌɊɌɋ©ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜª

Ɋɍɋ  ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɟ ɩɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɢɭɫɥɭɝ©ɊɈɋɌȿɋɌɆɈɋɄȼȺªɝɆɨɫɤɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɢɸ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ

ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɥɫɹ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɜ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ ɧɚ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɭɸɩɨɱɬɭFDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UX

ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȾɍɏɈȼɈȽɈɒɄȺɎȺȼɄɍɏɈɇɇɖɃȽȺɊɇɂɌɍɊ

ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ

ȾȿɄɅȺɊȺɐɂəɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂə

ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ʋ ɎɁɨɬ  ɢ ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɊɎ ʋ  ɨɬ ɝ

ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣɬɨɜɚɪɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣɧɚɪɭɫɫɤɨɦɹɡɵɤɟɨɤɥɚɫɫɟɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɜɢɞɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɢɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ

ɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɚɧɚɥɢɰɟɜɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɦɟɫɬɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹɦ

Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬ ɫ

ɩɢɳɟɣ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ

ȿȿɋ

Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɹɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɧɚɷɬɨɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɦɵɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦɩɨɞ

ɧɚɲɭɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɨɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɜɫɟɦȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦɧɨɪɦɚɦ

ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɨɯɪɚɧɵɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ

ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɜɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɞɥɹɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɢɞɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ

ɇɟɩɨɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɨɣ

ɮɨɥɶɝɨɣɢɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɨɞɧɨɪɚɡɨɜɵɦɢɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɦɢɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɩɪɨɞɚɸɬɫɹɜɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɚɯȺɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɚɹ

ɮɨɥɶɝɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɟ ɫ

ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ

Ⱦɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɞɭɯɨɜɤɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɥɚɞɨɥɠɧɵɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɤɭɯɨɧɧɚɹɦɟɛɟɥɶ

ɜɨɤɪɭɝɧɟɟɞɨɥɠɧɚɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɬɶɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɉɚɧɟɥɢ

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦɫ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ

ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɢɡ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɨɣɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɤɥɟɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɲɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ

ɩɚɧɟɥɹɯ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ  & ɉɥɚɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɥɢ

ɤɥɟɢɧɟɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɬɚɤɢɯɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɹɬɫɹɱɬɨɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬɤ

ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ

ɧɢɲɭɜɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣɦɟɛɟɥɢɜɫɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɞɨɥɠɧɵɛɵɬɶ

ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɗɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ȼɫɟ

ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵɛɵɬɶɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵɧɚɫɜɨɟɦ

ɦɟɫɬɟ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɛɟɡ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ

ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɡɚɞɧɸɸɩɚɧɟɥɶɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣɦɟɛɟɥɢɱɬɨɛɵɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ

ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɭɸ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɉɨɡɚɞɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ

ɩɚɧɟɥɢɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɡɨɪɧɟɦɟɧɟɟɦɦ

ȼȺɀɇɕȿɋȼȿȾȿɇɂə

58

ɗɅȿɄɌɊɂɑȿɋɄɈȿɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿ

Ⱦɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɢɨɱɢɫɬɤɚɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ

±Ɉɬɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɜɢɧɬɵɩɨɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɹɢɯɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ

ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ

±ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɩɨɬɹɧɭɜɢɯɧɚɫɟɛɹ

±ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɩɨɦɵɜɢɯɜ

ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɜ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɝɭɛɤɢ

ɉɪɨɫɭɲɢɬɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɩɨɫɥɟɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ

 ± ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣɲɤɚɮɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɜɩɭɧɤɬɵɢɜɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ

±Ɂɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɣɬɟɜɢɧɬɵ

ȾɈɉɈɅɇɂɌȿɅɖɇȿɈȻɈɊɍȾɈȼȺɇɂȿȾɍɏɈȼɄɂ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɦɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɝɭɛɤɭ Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ

ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟɢɯɱɢɫɬɨɣɜɨɞɨɣɢɜɵɬɪɢɬɟɧɚɫɭɯɨ

ɉɪɨɫɬɚɹɪɟɲɟɬɤɚɫɥɭɠɢɬɞɥɹɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ

ɮɨɪɦɞɥɹɜɵɩɟɱɤɢɢɩɨɫɭɞɵ

Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚɫɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢɞɥɹɩɨɞɞɨɧɨɜ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɹɫɚɧɚɝɪɢɥɟɬɚɤɤɚɤɤɧɟɣ

ɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹɢɩɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚ

ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɠɚɪɤɢɠɢɪɚ

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɥɟɫɤɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ

ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɨɤ ɩɪɢ

ɜɵɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɢɯ ɢɡ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɱɬɨ

ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɨɩɪɨɤɢɞɵɜɚɧɢɟɩɨɫɭɞɵ

ɉɨɞɞɨɧ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɤɚ

ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɧɚɝɪɢɥɟ

58

ɉɈɅȿɁɇɕȿɋɈȼȿɌɕ

ɋɂɋɌȿɆȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂɉɈɅɈɄ

ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂȿɇȺȽɊɂɅȿ

Ɉɧɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɪɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɝɪɢɥɟɧɚɜɟɪɬɟɥɟɢɥɢ

ɧɚɝɪɢɥɟɫɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɦɨɞɟɥɢɩɪɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ

ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɟɝɨɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɜɵɧɢɦɚɬɶɢɡɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɩɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɫɨɤɚɜɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɹɞɥɹɠɚɪɤɢ

ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹɞɵɦɢɠɢɪɨɫɹɞɟɬɧɚɫɬɟɧɤɚɯɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɣ ɥɚɦɩɨɱɤɢ ɧɚɤɚɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɨɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɨɜɞɥɹɦɨɞɟɥɟɣɛɟɡɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ

ɩɢɪɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɥɢɦɨɳɧɵɯɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɨɜɞɥɹ

ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɫ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɩɢɪɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɗɬɨ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ  ɜɵɫɨɤɨɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ

ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟɛɟɥɵɦɫɜɟɬɨɦɛɟɡɬɟɧɟɣɨɬɩɨɥɨɤ

ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ

ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ

ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɱɟɦ ɨɛɵɱɧɚɹ ɥɚɦɩɨɱɤɚ

ɧɚɤɚɥɢɜɚɧɢɹɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɝɨɪɚɡɞɨɦɟɧɶɲɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ

86((

Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣɫɪɨɤɫɥɭɠɛɵ

Ɉɱɟɧɶɧɢɡɤɨɟɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɧɚɦɟɧɶɲɟ

ɱɟɦɨɛɵɱɧɚɹɥɚɦɩɨɱɤɚɧɚɤɚɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ

ɆɈȾȿɅɂ

Ȼɨɤɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɱɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɤɭ

ɟɫɥɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ

58

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ$TXDFWLYDɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɩɚɪ

ɱɬɨɛɵɩɨɦɨɱɶɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶɠɢɪɨɜɵɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɭɫɨɱɤɢ ɩɢɳɢ

ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɟɫɹɜɤɚɦɟɪɟɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨɲɤɚɮɚɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɇɚɥɟɣɬɟɦɥɜɨɞɵɜɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ

ɩɨɥɨɫɬɶ$TXDFWLYDɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸɧɚɞɧɟɤɚɦɟɪɵɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨɲɤɚɮɚ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɪɟɠɢɦɋɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɥɢɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ

ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɧɚɪɟɠɢɦ$TXDFWLYD

Ɉɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɨɣɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦɢɧɭɬ

ɉɨɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢɦɢɧɭɬɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭɢɞɚɣɬɟɨɫɬɵɬɶ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɦɭɲɤɚɮɭ

Ʉɨɝɞɚɞɭɯɨɜɨɣɲɤɚɮɨɫɬɵɧɟɬɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣɤɚɦɟɪɵɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɬɪɹɩɨɱɤɨɣɢɡɦɹɝɤɨɣɬɤɚɧɢ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɫɬɵɥɩɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹɤɧɟɦɭ

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɢ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɬɚɤɤɚɤɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɪɢɫɤɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜ

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸɢɥɢɩɢɬɶɟɜɭɸɜɨɞɭ

ɎɍɇɄɐɂə$48$&7,9$

PO

<;2ȾɂɈɑɂ&7.$

ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ  ɰɢɮɪ ɉɟɪɜɵɟ  ɰɢɮɪ  ɤɨɞ

ɦɨɞɟɥɢɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɰɢɮɪɵɞɚɬɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɝɨɞɧɟɞɟɥɹ

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɰɢɮɪɵɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɢɟɧɨɦɟɪɚ

&(3%ɂ&+2(2Ȼ&Ʌ<ɀɂ%$+ɂ(

Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ

ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ ȿɋ ɨɛ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɯ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ :((( Ɉɬɯɨɞɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ

ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ

ɧɚɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸɫɪɟɞɭɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ

ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ȼɚɠɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɥɢɫɶ

ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ

ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɫɟɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ

Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ

ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɚɠɧɨ

ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥ

 ɇɟɥɶɡɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɤɚɤɫɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɢɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ

 Ɉɬɯɨɞɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɫɛɨɪɚ

ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ

ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɦɢȼɨɦɧɨɝɢɯɫɬɪɚɧɚɯɩɪɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ

ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɛɨɪɨɬɯɨɞɨɜɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɚɞɨɦɭ

ɉɪɢɩɨɤɭɩɤɟɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɫɬɚɪɵɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɦɨɠɧɨɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ

ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɨɦɭɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɦɭɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɸɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɨɛɹɡɚɧɨɩɪɢɧɹɬɶɟɝɨ

ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɝɨɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹɟɫɥɢɷɬɨ

ɩɪɢɛɨɪɵɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨɬɢɩɚɢɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɚɟɦɵɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɦɟɟɬɬɟɠɟ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɱɬɨɢɩɪɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɣ

ɗɇȿɊȽɈɋȻȿɊȿɀȿɇɂȿɂɁȺɓɂɌȺɈɄɊɍɀȺɘɓȿɃɋɊȿȾɕ

ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɡɛɟɝɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ɉɬɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ

ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɠɟ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɟɟ

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɢ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ Ⱦɥɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɡɚ  ɦɢɧɭɬ ɞɨ

ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ

ɲɤɚɮɨɦ ɍɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟ ɢ ɜ

ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɬɟɩɥɚɡɚ

ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɜɚɲɟɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɧɚ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɬɚɪɢɮ ɬɨ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɨɬɫɪɨɱɤɚɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɨɬɫɪɨɱɤɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɞɨɧɚɱɚɥɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɥɶɝɨɬɧɨɝɨɬɚɪɢɮɚ

ɌȺɃɆȿɊ

ɂ& 2 ɖ2%$+ (7$ 0(3$ɉɅ ɂ Ƀ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɪɚɡɚ

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6(/(&7

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ɌȺɃɆȿɊɋɋȿɇɋɈɊɇɕɆɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿɆ

ɑɬɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ

Ⱦɥɹɱɟɝɨ

Ɂɚɳɢɬɚɨɬ

ɞɟɬɟɣ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ©Ⱦɟɬɫɤɢɣ

ɡɚɦɨɤªɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɢ

ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢɢɭɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ

ɤɥɚɜɢɲɢ6HWɧɟ

ɦɟɧɟɟɫɟɤɭɧɞɋɷɬɨɝɨ

ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚɜɫɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɢɧɚ

ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟɦɢɝɚɟɬ6723ɢ

ɬɟɤɭɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹ

Ⱦɥɹɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ©Ⱦɟɬɫɤɢɣ

ɡɚɦɨɤªɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɢ

ɭɞɟɪɠɢɬɟɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ6HW

ɧɟɦɟɧɟɟɫɟɤɭɧɞ

ɉɨɫɥɟɷɬɨɝɨɜɫɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

ɜɧɨɜɶɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ

ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɦɢ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭɪɚɡɚ

Ʉɨɝɞɚɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟɜɪɟɦɹ

ɢɫɬɟɱɟɬɪɚɡɞɚɫɬɫɹɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ

ɫɢɝɧɚɥɉɨɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢɫɢɝɧɚɥ

ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɫɹɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ

ɨɧɬɚɤɠɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ

ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦɤɧɨɩɤɢ6HOHFW

ȼɯɨɞɟɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɧɚɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ

ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɜɪɟɦɹ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɪɚɡɚ





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Ⱦɥɹɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ

ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɥɸɛɭɸ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ

ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɱɬɨɛɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɫɹɤ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɱɚɫɨɜ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭɪɚɡɚ

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ɤɨɧɰH SDɧHH \FɬDɧRɜɥHɧɧRɝɨ

ɜSHɦHɧɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥHɧɢɹ

ɈɤɨɧɱDɧɢH

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ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥHɧɢɹ

58

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Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚɛɭɞɟɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɫɥɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ

ɱɚɫɨɜ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɪɚɡɚ

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚɜɪɟɦɹɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ

ɚɜɪɟɦɹɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ 

ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈɉɊɂɆ(+(+ɂɘ

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ɠɢɪɨɜɢɦɚɫɥɚ Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɢɝɪɢɥɹɢɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚɤɨɧɜɟɤɬɨɪɚɫɩɭɥɶɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ

ɩɨɞɚɱɟɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɯ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶɫɹɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɪɨɱɤɚɩɪɢ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɛɟɡ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɤɭɫɚ ɛɥɸɞɚ ɗɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɹɫɚ

ɡɚɩɟɱɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɝɪɢɥɟɨɜɨɳɟɣɢɨɦɥɟɬɨɜɐɢɤɥɫɩɭɥɶɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɣɩɨɞɚɱɟɣɜɨɡɞɭɯɚɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶɜɧɭɬɪɢ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨɲɤɚɮɚɢɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɜɥɚɝɢɜɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɯɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɹɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɛɥɸɞɚɢɛɵɫɬɪɨɬɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɨɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɜɚɲɢ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɵ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɪɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɭɫɨɜ

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɜɵɨɛɵɱɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɟɢɢɫɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɥɟɝɤɨɫɬɶɷɬɨɝɨɧɨɜɨɝɨɪɟɠɢɦɚ

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ɈȻɓɂɆȿɊɄɂɁȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌ

Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɢɦȼɢɱɟɢɡɛɪɚɯɬɟɟɞɢɧɨɬɧɚɲɢɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢ Ɂ ɚɞɚɢɦɚɬɟɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɞɨɛɴɪɪɟɡɭɥɬɚɬɩɪɢɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɧɨɩɪɨɱɟɬɟɬɟɬɨɜɚɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɉɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɜɚɦɟȼɢɞɚɡɚɩɚɡɢɬɟɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɨɬɨɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɡɚɦɨɧɬɚɠɢɟɤɫɩɥɨɚɬɚɰɢɹɢɩɪɢ

ɧɭɠɞɚɞɚɫɟɨɛɪɴɳɚɬɟɤɴɦɧɟɝɨ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɭɪɟɞɴɬɟɜɟɤɫɩɥɨɚɬɚɰɢɹɜɫɢɱɤɢɞɨɫɬɴɩɧɢɱɚɫɬɢɫɚɝɨɪɟɳɢȼɧɢɜɚɣɬɟɞɚɧɟɫɟɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɬɟɞɨɬɟɡɢɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ

ɉɪɢɩɴɪɜɢɹɬɩɭɫɤɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɭɫɟɬɢɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɚɦɢɪɢɡɦɚɌɨɜɚɫɬɚɜɚɡɚɳɨɬɨɢɡɨɥɚɰɢɨɧɧɢɬɟɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɫɟɡɚɝɪɹɜɚɬɡɚ

ɩɴɪɜɢɩɴɬɌɨɜɚɟɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɧɨɪɦɚɥɧɨɢɧɹɦɚɩɨɜɨɞɡɚɩɪɢɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɟɂɡɱɚɤɚɣɬɟɭɪɟɞɚɞɚɢɡɫɬɢɧɟɢɝɨɡɚɛɴɪɲɟɬɟɞɨɛɪɟɋɥɟɞ

ɬɨɜɚɟɝɨɬɨɜɡɚɧɨɪɦɚɥɧɚɟɤɫɩɥɨɚɬɚɰɢɹ

ȿɞɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɩɨɫɜɨɹɬɚɫɴɳɧɨɫɬɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɫɬɚɜɚɦɧɨɝɨɝɨɪɟɳɚɈɫɨɛɟɧɨɫɬɴɤɥɨɬɨɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɑɚɫɬɢɬɟɧɚɬɨɡɢɭɪɟɞɤɨɢɬɨɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɜɥɹɡɚɬɜɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɫɯɪɚɧɢɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɚɬɧɚɪɚɡɩɨɪɟɞɛɢɬɟɧɚȾɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚȿɂɈ

Ⱦɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɹɡɚɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ

ɋɥɟɞɤɚɬɨɪɚɡɨɩɚɤɨɜɚɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɭɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɬɹɧɟɟɛɢɥɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɚɩɨɧɹɤɚɤɴɜɧɚɱɢɧȺɤɨɢɦɚɬɟɧɹɤɚɤɜɢɫɴɦɧɟɧɢɹɧɟɹ

ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɫɜɴɪɠɟɬɟɫɟɫɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɚɧɱɨɜɟɤɋɴɯɪɚɧɹɜɚɣɬɟɨɩɚɤɨɜɴɱɧɢɬɟɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɤɚɬɨɧɚɣɥɨɧɨɜɢɬɨɪɛɢɱɤɢɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɪɨɥ

ɢɥɢɩɢɪɨɧɢɢɡɜɴɧɨɛɫɟɝɚɧɚɞɟɰɚɡɚɳɨɬɨɬɟɫɚɨɩɚɫɧɢɡɚɬɹɯ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɹɣɤɢɢɦɚɪɤɢɪɚɣɤɢɬɨɡɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɧɢɟɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɚɦɟɧɚɧɚɲɚɨɬɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɫɬɱɟɬɨɣɟɜɫɴɨɬɜɟɫɬɜɢɟɫɴɫɜɫɢɱɤɢ

ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɡɞɪɚɜɧɢɢɟɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɧɢɧɨɪɦɢ

ȻȽ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿȻɢɬɨɜɢɹɬɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɪɟɞɢɧɟɝɨɜɢɬɟɨɬɤɪɢɬɢɱɚɫɬɢɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɫɟ

ɧɚɝɪɟɹɬɞɨɜɢɫɨɤɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚȻɴɞɟɬɟɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɧɢɢɧɟɫɟɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɣɬɟɞɨɬɹɯ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɞɨɫɬɴɩɧɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɢɦɨɝɚɬɞɚ ɫɬɚɧɚɬ ɝɨɪɟɳɢɤɨɝɚɬɨ ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚȾɟɰɚɬɚ

ɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɞɴɪɠɚɧɢɧɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɪɚɡɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ

ɌɨɡɢɛɢɬɨɜɟɥɟɤɪɨɭɪɟɞɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɨɬɞɟɰɚɩɨɝɨɥɟɦɢɨɬɝɨɞɢɧɢɚɫɴɳɨɢRɬɯɨɪɚɫɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢ

ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɢɢɥɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɢɥɢɛɟɡɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɢɹɬɨɩɢɬɫɚɦɨɤɨɝɚɬɨɫɚɩɨɞɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɢɫɚ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɪɚɧɢɨɬɧɨɫɧɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɬɨɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɭɪɟɞɚɢɡɧɚɹɬɡɚ

ɫɴɳɟɫɬɜɭɜɚɳɢɬɟɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

ɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɜɚɣɬɟɧɚɞɟɰɚɞɚɢɝɪɚɹɬɫɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɉɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɬɨɢɨɛɫɥɭɠɜɚɧɟɧɚɛɢɬɨɜɢɹɬɭɪɟɞɧɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɢɡɜɴɪɲɜɚɨɬɞɟɰɚɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɨɪɜɴɡɪɚɫɬɧɢ

ȻɢɬɨɜɢɹɬɭɪɟɞɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɫɜɨɹɬɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɫɟɧɚɝɪɹɜɚɞɨɜɢɫɨɤɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚȻɴɞɟɬɟɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɧɢɢɧɟ

ɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɣɬɟɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɧɢɬɟɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɪɚɡɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɜɴɜɜɴɬɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɬɚɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿȻɢɬɨɜɢɹɬɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɪɟɞɢɧɟɝɨɜɢɬɟɨɬɤɪɢɬɢɱɚɫɬɢɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɫɟ

ɧɚɝɪɟɹɬɚɞɨɜɢɫɨɤɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɜɚɣɬɟɞɨɧɟɝɨɞɚɫɟɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɬɦɚɥɤɢɞɟɰɚ

ɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɡɚɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɧɚɫɬɴɤɥɟɧɚɬɚɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɢɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɳɢɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɢɢ

ɝɴɛɢɫɦɟɬɚɥɧɢɱɚɫɬɢɰɢɢɥɢɫɬɴɪɝɚɥɤɢɌɟɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɧɚɞɪɚɫɤɚɬɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬɬɚɤɨɟɬɨɞɚɞɨɜɟɞɟɞɨɧɚɩɭɤɜɚɧɟ

ɢɥɢɞɨɪɢɫɱɭɩɜɚɧɟɧɚɫɬɴɤɥɨɬɨ

ɉɪɟɞɢɞɚɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɦɚɯɧɟɬɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɚɬɚɩɪɢɡɚɞɴɥɠɢɬɟɥɧɨɢɡɤɥɸɱɟɧɭɪɟɞɋɥɟɞ

ɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɬɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɨɬɧɨɜɨɪɟɲɟɬɤɚɬɚɩɨɧɚɱɢɧɚɨɩɢɫɚɧɜɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɬɟ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɫɚɦɨɬɚɤɴɜɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɧɞɚɬɱɢɤɤɚɤɴɜɬɨɟɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɚɧɨɬɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ

ɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɩɚɪɨɱɢɫɬɚɱɤɚɩɪɢɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɧɚɭɪɟɞɚ

 ɋɜɴɪɠɟɬɟ ɳɟɩɫɟɥ ɤɴɦ ɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɳɢɹ ɤɚɛɟɥ ɤɨɣɬɨ ɟ ɜ ɫɴɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɚ ɩɨɧɟɫɟ ɧɚɩɪɟɠɟɧɢɟɬɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɢ

ɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɜɚɧɟɬɨɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɧɚɬɚɛɟɥɤɚɬɚɢɢɦɚɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɡɚɡɚɡɟɦɹɜɚɧɟɓɟɩɫɟɥɴɬɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɡɚ

ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɩɨɫɨɱɟɧ ɜɴɪɯɭ ɟɬɢɤɟɬɚ ɢ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɢɦɚ ɫɜɴɪɡɚɧ ɤɴɦ ɡɚɡɟɦɹɜɚɳ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬ ɤɨɣɬɨ ɞɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɢ

ɁɚɡɟɦɹɜɚɳɢɹɬɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɟɠɴɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɧɚɰɜɹɬɌɚɡɢɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɢɡɜɴɪɲɜɚɨɬɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɚɧ

ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬȼɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɚɧɟɫɴɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɦɟɠɞɭɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɢɳɟɩɫɟɥɚɧɚɭɪɟɞɚɩɨɩɢɬɚɣɬɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɚɧ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɤɨɣɬɨɞɚɡɚɦɟɧɢɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɫɞɪɭɝɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɬɢɩɓɟɩɫɟɥɴɬɢɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɴɬɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɨɬɝɨɜɚɪɹɬ

ɧɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɚɳɢɬɟɧɨɪɦɢɧɚɞɴɪɠɚɜɚɬɚɧɚɢɧɫɬɚɥɚɰɢɹɬɚɋɜɴɪɡɜɚɧɟɬɨɤɴɦɢɡɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɧɚɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɧɟɦɨɠɟɞɚ

ɫɟɢɡɜɴɪɲɢɢɱɪɟɡɩɨɫɬɚɜɹɧɟɧɚɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɟɧɩɪɟɤɴɫɜɚɱɦɟɠɞɭɭɪɟɞɚɢɢɡɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɧɚɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɧɟɤɨɣɬɨ

ɦɨɠɟ ɞɚ ɩɨɧɟɫɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɧɨ ɫɜɴɪɡɚɧɨ ɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɜɚɧɟ ɢ ɤɨɣɬɨ ɟ ɜ ɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɚɳɨɬɨ

ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɫɬɜɨɀɴɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɹɬɡɚɡɟɦɹɜɚɲɤɚɛɟɥɧɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɩɪɟɤɴɫɜɚɨɬɩɪɟɤɴɫɜɚɱɚȽɧɟɡɞɨɬɨɢɥɢ

ɫɜɪɴɡɤɚɬɚɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɚɡɚɜɪɴɡɤɚɬɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɚɥɟɫɧɨɞɨɫɬɴɩɧɢɤɨɝɚɬɨɭɪɟɞɴɬɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧ

ɉɪɟɤɴɫɜɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɜɪɴɡɤɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɩɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɱɪɟɡɞɨɫɬɴɩɧɨɫɬɧɚɳɟɩɫɟɥɚɢɥɢɱɪɟɡɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɧɟɧɚ

ɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥɜɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɬɨɨɤɚɛɟɥɹɜɚɧɟɜɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɫɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɬɚɡɚɨɤɚɛɟɥɹɜɚɧɟ

 Ⱥɤɨ ɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɳɢɹɬ ɤɚɛɟɥ ɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧ ɬɨɣ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɛɴɞɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɟɧ ɫ ɤɚɛɟɥ ɢɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɟɧ ɩɚɤɟɬ

ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɨɬɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɢɥɢɤɚɬɨɫɟɫɜɴɪɠɟɬɟɫɨɬɞɟɥɚɡɚɨɛɫɥɭɠɜɚɧɟɧɚɤɥɢɟɧɬɢ

ȼɢɞɴɬɧɚɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɳɢɹɤɚɛɟɥɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɟ+99)

ɇɟɫɩɚɡɜɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɝɨɪɧɨɬɨɦɨɠɟɞɚɡɚɫɬɪɚɲɢɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɬɚɧɚɭɪɟɞɚɢɞɚɨɛɟɡɫɢɥɢɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ

ɉɪɟɞɢɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɬɨɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɢɡɜɚɞɢɢɡɥɢɲɴɤɴɬɨɬɪɚɡɥɟɬɢɹɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ

ɉɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɩɢɪɨɥɢɡɧɢɹɩɪɨɰɟɫɧɚɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɬɟɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɫɟɧɚɝɪɟɹɬɩɨɜɟɱɟɨɬɨɛɢɱɚɣɧɨɬɨ

ɩɨɪɚɞɢɬɨɜɚɞɟɰɚɬɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɞɴɪɠɚɬɧɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɪɚɡɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ

ɍɪɟɞɴɬɧɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɡɚɞɞɟɤɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɡɚɞɚɫɟɢɡɛɟɝɧɟɩɪɟɝɪɹɜɚɧɟ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɪɚɮɬɚɜɴɬɪɟɭɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɫɬɨɩɟɪɴɬɟɧɚɫɨɱɟɧɧɚɝɨɪɟɢɜɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɱɚɫɬɧɚɤɭɯɢɧɚɬɚ

Ɋɚɮɬɴɬɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɟɩɴɯɧɚɬɢɡɰɹɥɨɜɤɭɯɢɧɚɬɚ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɇɟɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɚɣɬɟɫɬɟɧɢɬɟɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɫɚɥɭɦɢɧɢɟɜɨɮɨɥɢɨɢɥɢɞɪɭɝɢɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɡɚ

ɟɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚɤɨɢɬɨɫɟɩɪɨɞɚɜɚɬɜɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɢɬɟɄɨɝɚɬɨɜɥɹɡɚɬɜɩɪɹɤɞɨɫɟɝɫɧɚɝɨɪɟɳɟɧɢɹɟɦɚɣɥ

ɫɴɳɟɫɬɜɭɜɚ ɪɢɫɤ ɚɥɭɦɢɧɢɟɜɨɬɨ ɮɨɥɢɨ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɪɚɡɬɨɩɹɬ ɢ ɞɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɹɬ

ɟɦɚɣɥɢɪɚɧɚɬɚɜɴɬɪɟɲɧɚɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɇɢɤɨɝɚɧɟɫɜɚɥɹɣɬɟɭɩɥɴɬɧɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɋɜɴɪɡɜɚɧɟɤɴɦɁȺɏɊȺɇȼȺɇȿɌɈ

ɋɴɜɟɬɢɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ

Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ

Ɇɨɧɬɚɠɴɬɟɨɬɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɫɬɧɚɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢɬɟɧɟɫɚ

ɡɚɞɴɥɠɟɧɢɞɚɨɫɴɳɟɫɬɜɹɜɚɬɬɚɡɢɞɟɣɧɨɫɬ

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɬɟɡɚɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɚɩɪɨɮɟɫɢɨɧɚɥɧɨɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɚɧ

ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɫɩɚɡɜɚɬɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɢɹɬɦɨɧɬɚɠɦɨɠɟɞɚ

ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɜɪɟɞɚɢɥɢɧɚɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɟɧɚɯɨɪɚɠɢɜɨɬɧɢɢɥɢɜɟɳɢ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɬɧɟɦɨɠɟɞɚɧɨɫɢɨɬɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɫɬɡɚɬɟɡɢɳɟɬɢɢɥɢ

ɧɚɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɢɹ

Ⱥɤɨɢɫɤɚɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɜɢɞɚɪɚɛɨɬɢɧɨɪɦɚɥɧɨɬɪɹɛɜɚɤɨɪɩɭɫɚɧɚ

ɤɭɯɧɹɬɚɜɢɞɚɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɉɚɧɟɥɢɬɟɧɚɤɭɯɧɟɧɫɤɢɛɥɨɤɤɨɢɬɨ

ɫɚɜɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɚɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɞɨɩɟɳɬɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɟ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɟɧɨɬɬɟɪɦɨɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɍɛɟɞɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɜɫɢɱɤɢ

ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɢɡɞɴɪɠɚɬɧɚɧɚɝɪɹɜɚɧɟɞɨɝɪɚɞɭɫɚȼ

ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɫɥɭɱɚɣɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɪɚɡɬɨɩɹɬɢɞɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɹɬɭɪɟɞɚ

ɋɥɟɞɤɚɬɨɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɫɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɬɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢ

ɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɢɡɨɥɢɪɚɬɌɨɜɚɟɡɚɤɨɧɨɜɨɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɟɡɚ

ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬȼɫɢɱɤɢɩɪɟɞɩɚɡɢɬɟɥɢɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɡɞɪɚɜɨ

ɮɢɤɫɢɪɚɧɢɧɚɦɹɫɬɨɬɚɤɚɱɟɟɧɟɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɞɚɛɴɞɚɬ

ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɛɟɡɩɨɦɨɳɬɚɧɚɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɢɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɢ

ɉɥɨɱɚɬɚɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɢɦɚɨɬɡɚɞɪɚɡɥɢɤɚɨɬɩɨɧɟ

PPɡɚɞɚɢɦɚɞɨɛɪɨɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɧɟ

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɞɚɫɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɩɴɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɧɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɧɚ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɜɚɧɟɬɨɩɪɟɞɢɩɴɪɜɨɬɨɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɜɫɟɤɢɨɬɬɹɯ

ɂɡɦɢɣɬɟɝɢɫɝɴɛɚɂɡɩɥɚɤɧɟɬɟɢɩɨɞɫɭɲɟɬɟ

ɈȻɈɊɍȾȼȺɇȿɁȺɎɍɊɇȺɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɨɬɦɨɞɟɥɚ

Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɜɤɭɯɧɹɬɚ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɜɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɬɨɜɤɭɯɧɹɬɚɬɨɦɨɠɟɞɚ

ɛɴɞɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɨɩɨɞɟɞɢɧɪɚɛɨɬɟɧɩɥɨɬɢɥɢɜɟɞɢɧɲɤɚɮ

Ɏɢɤɫɢɪɚɣɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɧɚɦɹɫɬɨɬɨɣɤɚɬɨɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɱɟɬɢɪɢɬɟ

ɮɢɤɫɢɪɚɳɢɨɬɜɨɪɚɜɪɚɦɤɚɬɚɮɢɝɧɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɚɬɚɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɚ

Ɂɚɞɚɧɚɦɟɪɢɬɟɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɡɚɡɚɤɪɟɩɜɚɧɟɨɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɢɩɨɝɥɟɞɧɟɬɟɜɴɬɪɟɁɚɞɚɫɟɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɚ

ɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɰɢɹɢɡɦɟɪɜɚɧɢɹɬɚɢɪɚɡɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɬɚɩɨɫɨɱɟɧɢɜ

ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɚɬɚɧɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɚɬɚɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɫɩɚɡɜɚɬ

ɁɚɛɟɥɟɠɤɚɁɚɮɭɪɧɢɤɨɢɬɨɫɚɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɚɧɢɫɤɨɬɥɨɧɢ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɬɟɫɴɞɴɪɠɚɳɢɫɟɜɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɬɨɡɚɩɥɨɱɚɬɚ

ɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɫɩɚɡɜɚɬ

ȼɚɠɧɨ

ɇɚɫɤɚɪɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɫɥɚɝɚɬ

ɱɢɧɢɢɢɫɴɞɨɜɟ

Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɨɞɨɛɪɚɟɡɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚ

ɝɪɢɥɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɹɡɚɟɞɧɨɫ

ɬɚɜɢɱɤɚɬɚɡɚɦɚɡɧɢɧɢ

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɢɹɬɩɪɨɮɢɥɧɚ

ɪɚɮɬɨɜɟɬɟɨɡɧɚɱɚɜɚɱɟɬɟɫɬɨɹɬ

ɯɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɧɨɞɨɪɢɤɨɝɚɬɨɫɟ

ɜɚɞɹɬɇɟɫɴɳɟɫɬɜɭɜɚɪɢɫɤɨɬ

ɪɚɡɥɢɜɚɧɟɧɚɹɫɬɢɟɬɨ

Ɍɚɜɢɱɤɚɬɚɭɥɚɜɹɫɨɤɨɜɟɬɟɨɬ

ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɤɨɢɬɨɫɟɝɨɬɜɹɬɧɚ

ɫɤɚɪɚɬɚɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɫɟɫɚɦɨɫɝɪɢɥ

ɫɤɚɪɚɢɥɢ)DQ*ULOO$VVLVWHG

ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɹ

ɚɤɨɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟɞɪɭɝɢ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɢ

ɇɢɤɨɝɚɧɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɬɚɜɚɬɚɡɚɭɥɚɜɹɧɟɧɚɫɨɤɨɜɟɤɚɬɨ

ɬɚɜɚɡɚɦɚɡɧɢɧɢɬɴɣɤɚɬɨɬɨɜɚɫɴɡɞɚɜɚɞɢɦɢɦɚɡɧɢɧɢɬɟ

ɳɟɢɡɩɪɴɫɤɚɬɢɡɚɦɴɪɫɹɬɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɉɢɰɚ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ Ɂɚ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬ

ɧɚɣɞɨɛɪɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɬɚɬɢ

ɨɬ

ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚ

ɡɚɟɞɧɨɫɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɬɚɩɢɰɚ

Ɍɚɜɚɡɚɦɚɡɧɢɧɢ

ɂɞɟɚɥɧɚɟɡɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚɝɪɢɥ

ɂɡɩɨɥɜɚɣɬɟɹɡɚɟɞɧɨɫ

ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚɬɚȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɟɢɞɪɴɠɤɚ

ɡɚɩɨɥɟɫɧɨɬɨɢɡɜɚɠɞɚɧɟɧɚɬɚ

ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ

ɇȿɈɋɌȺȼəɃɌȿȾɊɔɀɄȺɌȺ

ȼɔȼɎɍɊɇȺɌȺ



ɋɜɚɥɹɧɟɢɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɧɚɦɟɬɚɥɧɢɬɟɫɬɟɥɚɠɢ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ

ɫɩɚɡɜɚɬ

ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ

ȻȽ

ɋɬɪɚɧɢɱɧɨ ɬɟɥ ɦɪɟɠɚɬɚ ɚɤɨ ɟ

ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ

PO

ȼɫɹɤɚɮɭɪɧɚɢɦɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ

Ɍɨɜɚɞɚɜɚɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɡɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɧɚ

ɪɚɡɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚɜɥɚɝɚɬɚɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɬɚɌɨɜɚ

ɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚɡɚɝɭɛɚɬɚɧɚɜɥɚɝɚɫɤɨɟɬɨɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɚɱɟ

ɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɨɫɬɚɜɚɧɟɠɧɚɢɫɩɨɞɨɛɴɪɜɤɭɫɉɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɜɚ

ɫɟɡɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚɯɥɹɛɢɫɥɚɞɤɚɪɫɤɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

Ɏ ɭɪɧɢɬɟ ɢɦɚɬ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɟɧ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥ ɧɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɬɚ ɧɚ

ɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɩɚɬɟɧɬɨɜɚɧ 9$5,2)$1 ɉɨ ɜɪɟɦɟ ɧɚ ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɚɡɢ

ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɦɟɧɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɬɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚ ɜ

ɦɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɧɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɡɚ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɚ ɜɴɡɞɭɲɧɢɹ

ɩɨɬɨɤɢɜɴɬɪɟɲɧɚɬɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɜɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ



ɉɨɥɟɡɧɢɫɴɜɟɬɢ

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɧɚɪɚɮɬɨɜɟɬɟ

Ɏɭɪɧɚɬɚɪɚɡɩɨɥɚɝɚɫɧɨɜɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ

ɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɧɚɪɚɮɬɚɌɨɜɚɜɢ

ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɞɚɢɡɜɚɞɢɪɚɮɬɨɜɟɬɟɩɪɢ

ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɬɚɧɚɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ

ɨɬɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɧɢɪɚɡɥɢɜɢɢɥɢɪɚɮɬɨɜɟ

ɩɨɩɚɞɚɳɢɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɨɬɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

Ɂɚɞɚɢɡɜɚɞɢɬɟɪɚɮɬɨɜɟɬɟɢɡɜɚɞɟɬɟ

ɢɩɨɜɞɢɝɧɟɬɟ

Ƚ ɪɢɥ

ɉɟɱɟɧɟɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɞɚɫɟɞɚɞɟɧɚɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɛɴɪɡɨɤɚɮɹɜ

ɰɜɹɬɁɚɩɪɟɩɢɱɚɧɟɜɢɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɜɚɦɟɞɚɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɫɤɚɪɚɬɚ

ɜɴɪɯɭɱɟɬɜɴɪɬɨɬɨɧɢɜɨɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɨɬɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢɬɟɧɚ

ɯɪɚɧɚɜɠɮɢɝɋɬɪ

ɉɨɱɬɢɜɫɢɱɤɢɦɟɫɚɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɫɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɚɬɧɚɝɪɢɥ

ɂɡɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɚɜɹɬɦɧɨɝɨɩɨɫɬɧɢɬɟɯɪɚɧɢɢɪɨɥɤɢɬɟɦɟɫɨ

ɉɪɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɟɧɚɦɟɫɨɢɪɢɛɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɩɪɟɞɢɩɨɫɬɚɜɹɧɟɬɨ

ɢɦɜɴɜɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɞɚɞɨɛɚɜɢɬɟɩɨɞɩɪɚɜɤɢɢɦɚɡɧɢɧɚ



Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɬɟ

Ɍɨɜɚɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚɜɪɟɦɟɬɨɡɚɩɨɞɝɪɹɜɚɧɟɧɚɩɟɳɢɬɟɫɚɦɨ

ɡɚɦɢɧɭɬɢɡɚɞɚɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɝɪɚɞɭɫɚɩɨɐɟɥɡɢɣ

Ⱦɚɜɚɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɡɚɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɧɟɧɚɧɢɜɨɬɨɢ

ɢɧɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɨɫɬɬɚɧɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚɝɪɢɥɞɨɩɨɜɟɱɟ

ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɜɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɫɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɚɬɚɮɭɪɧɚ

$48$&7,9$ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ

ɉɪɟɞɢɦɫɬɜɚ

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɚɨɫɜɟɧɱɟɨɫɢɝɭɪɹɜɚɨɬɥɢɱɧɨɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɟɜɴɜ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɠɢɜɟɟɩɨɞɴɥɝɨɜɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɫɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɢɬɟɤɪɭɲɤɚɢ

ɟɩɨɥɟɫɧɨɢɞɚɫɟɩɨɞɞɴɪɠɚɢɧɚɣɜɟɱɟɩɟɫɬɢɟɧɟɪɝɢɹ

 ɉɨɞɨɛɪɨɨɫɜɟɬɹɜɚɧɟ

 Ⱦɴɥɴɝɠɢɜɨɬɧɚɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɟ







Ɇɧɨɝɨɧɢɫɤɚɤɨɧɫɭɦɚɰɢɹɧɚɟɧɟɪɝɢɹ





ɩɨɧɢɫɤɚɨɬɤɨɧɫɭɦɚɰɢɹ

ɍɪɟɞɚɫɛɹɥɚɫɜɟɬɥɢɧɚ/('ɧɚɆ&ODVVɫɩɨɪɟɞ,(&

$$ɟɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɟɧɧɚ(1

$$ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɧɨɫɜɟɬɥɢɧɚɬɚ

ɢɡɥɴɱɜɚɧɚɦɨɳɧɨɫɬȜQPX:

ɇɟɫɟɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɜɚɫɨɩɬɢɱɧɢɭɪɟɞɢ

ɂɦɚ ɨɫɜɟɬɢɬɟɥɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɹɬɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɹ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɚɬɚ

ɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɌɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɠɞɚɬɛɹɥɨɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɟɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɞɚ

ɩɪɟɝɥɟɠɞɚɬɟɜɴɬɪɟɲɧɚɬɚɫɬɪɚɧɚɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɫɹɫɧɨɬ ɚ

ȼɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɨɬɦɨɞɟɥɚ



Ɂɚ ɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɢɬɟɥɧɨɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɟ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɟ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

ɩɴɪɜɢɹ

ɩɴɬɤɨɝɚɬɨɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɜ ɢɠɬɬɚɛɚɥɢɰɢɬɟ

ɧɚɫɬɪ

ɋɥɟɞɬɨɜɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɩɪɨɞɴɥɠɢɬɟɫɧɨɪɦɚɥɧɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚ

ɚ

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɢɫɚɦɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɳɢɫɟɩɚɧɟɥɢɨɛɯɜɚɧɚɬɢɜ

ɦɢɤɪɨɩɨɪɟɫɬɨɩɨɤɪɢɬɢɟɫɟɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɬɤɚɬɨɞɨɩɴɥɧɢɬɟɥɧɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɜɚɧɟɡɚɜɫɢɱɤɢɦɨɞɟɥɢȺɤɨɬɟɫɚɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɢɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɧɟ

ɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɚɪɴɤɚ

Ɇɚɡɧɢɧɢɤɨɢɬɨɫɚɩɪɴɫɧɚɥɢɜɴɪɯɭɫɬɟɧɢɬɟɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɩɨɜɪɟɦɟ

ɧɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɫɟɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɹɜɚɬɨɬɦɢɤɪɨɩɨɪɟɫɬɨɬɨɩɨɤɪɢɬɢɟ

ɉɪɟɤɚɥɟɧɨɬɨɧɚɫɥɨɹɜɚɧɟɜɫɟɩɚɤɦɨɠɟɞɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɚɩɨɪɢɬɟɢ

ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɧɨɞɚɩɪɟɱɢɧɚɫɚɦɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɬɨɋɚɦɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɳɚ

ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɦɨɠɟɞɚɛɴɞɟɜɴɡɫɬɚɧɨɜɟɧɚɱɪɟɡɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɧɟɧɚ

ɩɪɚɡɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɞɨɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɧɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɡɚɨɤɨɥɨ

ɦɢɧɭɬɢɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɨɫɬɪɢɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɢ

ɝɪɚɩɚɜɢɤɴɪɩɢɢɥɢɯɢɦɢɱɧɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɢɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɢɤɨɢɬɨɦɨɝɚɬ

ɬɪɚɣɧɨɞɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɹɬɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɝɨɬɜɢɬɟɩɨɦɚɡɧɢɯɪɚɧɢɟɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɢɬɟɥɧɨɞɚɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟ

ɩɨɞɴɥɛɨɤɢɫɴɞɨɜɟɢɞɚɫɥɨɠɢɬɟɬɚɜɢɱɤɚɬɚɡɚɫɴɛɢɪɚɧɟɧɚ

ɦɚɡɧɢɧɚ

ȼȺɀɇɈȼɫɢɱɤɢɤɚɬɚɥɢɬɢɱɧɢɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɤɢɜɦɨɦɟɧɬɚɧɚɩɚɡɚɪɚɢɦ

ɬɪɭɞɨɜɠɢɜɨɬɧɚɨɤɨɥɨɱɚɫɚɁɚɬɨɜɚɬɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɫɦɟɧɹ

ɫɥɟɞɨɤɨɥɨɱɚɫɚ

ȼɪɟɦɟɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟ



ɋɚɦɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɳɚɫɟɎɍɊɇȺɫɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ



ɉɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɢɩɨɞɞɪɴɠɤɚ

ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɚ

ȻȽ

ɋɟɪɜɢɡɟɧɰɟɧɬɴɪ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɢɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɚɬɨɪ

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɜɚɧɟɧɚɬɨɱɧɨɬɨɜɪɟɦɟ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ

ɌȺɃɆȿɊȺ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɬɚɣɦɟɪɚɡɚɤɪɚɣɧɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɧɢɹɛɭɬɨɧ

Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟɜɪɟɦɟɬɨɫɛɭɬɨɧɢ

Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɛɭɬɨɧɢ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ

Ʉɚɤɞɚɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɚɦɟ

Ʉɚɤɞɚɢɡɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ

Ʉɚɤɜɨɩɪɚɜɢ

Ɂɚɤɚɤɜɨɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚ

Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɜɚɧɟ

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪ

ȼɪɟɦɟɡɚ

ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟ

Ʉɪɚɣɧɚ

ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɧɢɹ

ɛɭɬɨɧɩɴɬ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɛɭɬɨɧɢ

ɡɚɞɚɢɡɛɟɪɟɬɟɜɪɟɦɟ

ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɛɭɬɨɧɢ

Ⱥɥɚɪɦɚɜɤɪɚɹɧɚɜɪɟɦɟɬɨ

ɉɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚ

ɫɟɩɨɤɚɡɜɚɨɫɬɜɪɟɦɟ

ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɞɚɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɤɚɬɨɚɥɚɪɦɟɧ

ɱɚɫɨɜɧɢɤɩɪɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɢ

ɢɡɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɮɭɪɧɚ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɧɢɹɛɭɬɨɧ

ɩɴɬɢ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɛɭɬɨɧɢɢɥɢª

ɡɚɞɚɢɡɛɟɪɟɬɟ

ɩɪɨɞɴɥɠɢɬɟɥɧɨɫɬ

ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɛɭɬɨɧɢ

ɂɡɛɟɪɟɬɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɫɴɫ

ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɧɹɤɨɣɛɭɬɨɧ

ɡɚɞɚɫɩɪɟɬɟɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɧɢɹɛɭɬɨɧ

ɡɚɞɚɫɟɜɴɪɧɟɬɟɞɨ

ɱɚɫɨɜɧɢɤɚ



VHOHFW

ȼɡɚɞɚɞɟɧɨɬɨɜɪɟɦɟ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɳɟɫɟɢɡɤɥɸɱɢ

Ɂɚɞɚɢɡɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɪɴɱɧɨ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ

ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɚɜɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ2

ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɜɢɞɚɡɚɞɚɞɟɬɟ

ɤɪɚɹɧɚɜɪɟɦɟɬɨɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟ

Ɂɚɞɚɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɟ

ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɧɨ

ɡɚɞɚɞɟɧɨɬɨɜɪɟɦɟ

ɧɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟ

ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɧɢɹɛɭɬɨɧɩɴɬɢ

Ɂɚɩɪɨɦɹɧɚɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɬɟ

6(/(&7

ȻȽ

Ɍɟɫɬɜɚɧɜɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɫ&(1(/(&(1

ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɨɡɚɞɟɮɢɧɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɟɧɟɪɝɢɣɧɢɹɤɥɚɫ

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɚ

ɋɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ

ɧɚ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɧɚ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɬɚ

ɩɪɢɦɨɞɟɥɢɫ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɟɧ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɚɬɨɪ

7<3($

Ɍɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬ

ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ

ɎɍɇɄɐɂɂ

ȼɤɥɸɱɜɚɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

Ɍɨɜɚɳɟɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɚɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɡɚɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɧɟɫɚɦɨɩɪɢɦɨɞɟɥɢɤɨɢɬɨɝɨɢɦɚɬ

Ɋɚɡɦɪɚɡɹɜɚɧɟ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɢɡɛɟɪɟɬɟɬɚɡɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɚɜɴɡɞɭɯɚɨɤɨɥɨɡɚɦɪɚɡɟɧɚɬɚɯɪɚɧɚ

ɬɚɤɚɱɟɹɪɚɡɦɪɚɡɹɜɚɡɚɧɹɤɨɥɤɨɦɢɧɭɬɢɛɟɡɞɚɫɟɩɪɨɦɟɧɢɫɴɫɬɚɜɚɧɚɩɪɨɬɟɢɧ

ɋɭɩɟɪɝɪɢɥ

Ɍɚɡɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɩɨɯɪɭɩɤɚɜɚɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟɡɢɪɚɫɟɫɩɨɝɨɥɹɦɚɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɨɬ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɢɹɝɪɢɥ

ɇɚɬɭɪɚɥɧɚɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɫɟɞɨɥɟɧɢɝɨɪɟɧɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɢɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɚɮɨɪɦɚɧɚɩɟɱɟɧɟɂɞɟɚɥɧɚɡɚ

ɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚɦɟɫɨɩɟɱɟɧɟɧɚɛɢɫɤɜɢɬɢɉɪɚɜɢɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɜɤɭɫɧɚɢɯɪɭɩɤɚɜɚ

Ƚɨɬɜɟɧɟɧɚɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɫɟɞɨɥɟɧɢɝɨɪɟɧɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɢɡɚɟɞɧɨɫɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɤɨɣɬɨɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɚɜɴɡɞɭɯɚ 

ɜɴɬɪɟɜɴɜɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɉɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɜɚɫɟɡɚɡɟɥɟɧɱɭɰɢɪɢɛɚɢɞɪɌɨɩɥɢɧɚɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɡɚɜɯɪɚɧɚɩɨ

ɞɨɛɪɟɢɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɬɚɡɚɩɪɟɬɨɩɥɹɧɟɢɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɫɟɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚɬɆɨɠɟɬɟɞɚɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɬɟɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɢ

ɯɪɚɧɢɟɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɌɨɡɢɦɟɬɨɞɞɚɜɚɦɧɨɝɨɞɨɛɪɚɞɢɫɬɪɢɛɭɰɢɹɧɚɬɨɩɥɢɧɚɬɚɢɦɢɪɢɡɦɢɬɟ 

ɧɟɫɟɫɦɟɫɜɚɬɆɨɠɟɞɚɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɨɤɨɥɨɦɢɧɩɨɜɟɱɟɤɨɝɚɬɨɝɨɬɜɢɬɟɩɨɜɟɱɟɨɬɹɫɬɢɟ

Ɇɟɤɨɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɚ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹɡɚɯɥɹɛɢɫɥɚɞɤɚɪɫɤɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɇɚɦɚɥɟɧɚɬɚɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɚɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɫɴɡɞɚɜɚ

ɢɞɟɚɥɧɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨɧɚɬɨɡɢɬɢɩɯɪɚɧɢɤɨɢɬɨɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɬɚɧɚɬɟɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɚ

ɤɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɹɞɨɤɚɬɨɫɟɝɨɜɹɬɢɜɫɴɳɨɬɨɜɪɟɦɟɞɚɢɡɛɟɝɧɚɬɩɪɟɩɢɱɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬɬɚ

ȼɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɢɞɨɥɟɧɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥ

ɂɞɟɚɥɧɚɡɚɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɢɹɫɬɢɹɩɚɣɨɜɟɫɭɮɥɟɬɚ

Ƚɪɢɥ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɫɟɫɚɦɨɝɨɪɧɢɹɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɞɚɧɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɬɚɦɢɧ

ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɧɨɧɚɝɪɹɜɚɧɟɫɚɧɭɠɧɢɡɚɞɚɡɚɝɪɟɟɬɟɞɨɛɪɟɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɬɟɂɞɟɚɥɟɧɡɚɤɟɛɚɩ 

Ȼɟɥɢɬɟɦɟɫɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɟɞɴɪɠɚɬɧɚɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɨɬɝɪɢɥɚȼɪɟɦɟɬɨɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɟɩɨɞɴɥɝɨɧɨ

ɦɟɫɨɬɨɟɩɨɜɤɭɫɧɨɆɨɠɟɬɟɞɚɫɥɚɝɚɬɟɱɟɪɜɟɧɢɬɟɦɟɫɚɢɪɢɛɚɧɚɪɚɮɬɚɫɬɚɜɢɱɤɚɬɚɡɚ

ɦɚɡɧɢɧɢɨɬɞɨɥɭ

ɋɭɩɟɪɝɪɢɥ

ɎɭɪɧDɬɚɢɦɚɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɧɚɝɪɢɥɚ

Ƚɪɢɥɫɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɬɭɪɛɨɝɪɢɥɫɴɫɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ

Ƚɨɪɟɧɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɡɚɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɴɡɞɭɯɚɜɴɜɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɉɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɧɨ

ɧɚɝɪɹɜɚɧɟɟɧɭɠɧɨɫɚɦɨɡɚɱɟɪɜɟɧɢɦɟɫɚɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɧɚɪɚɮɬɚɧɚɫɪɟɞɧɨɬɨɧɢɜɨ 

ɋɥɨɠɟɬɟɨɬɞɨɥɭɬɚɜɢɱɤɚɬɚɡɚɦɚɡɧɢɧɢɡɚɞɚɫɴɛɟɪɟɨɬɞɟɥHɧɢɬɟɫɨɤɨɜɟɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟ

ɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɧɟɟɩɪɟɤɚɥɟɧɨɛɥɢɡɨɞɨɝɪɢɥɚɉɨɫɪɟɞɚɬɚɧɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨɨɛɴɪɧɟɬɟɯɪɚɧɚɬɚ

Ƚɪɢɥɲɢɲ

ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɫɟɡɚɩɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɢɧɚɜɴɪɬɹɳɫɟɲɢɲ

ɉɢɰɚ

Ɍɚɡɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɨɫɢɝɭɪɹɜɚɢɞɟɚɥɧɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɡɚɹɫɬɢɹɤɚɬɨɩɢɰɚɢɮɨɤɚɱɚɱɪɟɡ

ɰɭɪɤɭɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɨɪɟɳɜɴɡɞɭɯɜɴɜɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ

ɚɁɚɧɹɤɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɬɚɫ9$5,2)$1ɟɟɤɫɥɭɡɢɜɧɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɟɧɚɨɬ&DQG\ɡɚɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɪɟɡɭɥɬɚɬɢɬɟɨɬɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨ 

9$5,2)$1ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɚɫɟɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɚɫɚɦɚɢɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɩɪɨɦɟɧɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɬɚɧɚɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɤɨɝɚɬɨɢɡɛɟɪɟɬɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɎɭɧɤɰɢɢɬɟɧɚ

ɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɚɫɚɜɨɝɪɚɞɟɧɨɬɨɩɨɥɟɧɚɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɧɢɹɩɚɧɟɥ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹɬɚ ÄȾɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɨ ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟ ɜɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚ ɞɚ ɝɨɬɜɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɫɥɨɜɟɧ ɧɚɱɢɧɤɚɬɨ

ɧɚɦɚɥɢɬɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɬɨɧɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɬɚɦɚɡɧɢɧɚȻɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɟɧɢɟɧɚɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɝɪɢɥ

ɢɜɟɧɬɢɥɚɬɨɪɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɚɧɨɫɩɭɥɫɢɪɚɳɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɧɚɜɴɡɞɭɯɚɫɟɡɚɩɚɡɜɚɫɴɞɴɪɠɚɧɢɟɬɨ

ɧɚɜɥɚɝɚɜɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɡɚɩɢɱɚɫɟɩɨɜɴɪɯɧɨɫɬɬɚɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚɫɟɜɪɟɦɟɬɨɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɛɟɡɞɚɫɟ

ɩɪɨɦɟɧɹɜɤɭɫɚ

Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɨ ɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɚɡɚ ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɧɚ ɦɟɫɨɩɟɱɟɧɢ ɡɟɥɟɧɱɭɰɢ ɢ ɨɦɥɟɬɢȾɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚ

ɩɭɥɫɢɪɚɲ ɜɴɡɞɭɯ ɡɚɩɚɡɜɚ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɫɬɚ ɜɴɬɪɟ ɜɴɜ ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ ɢ ɜɥɚɝɨɫɴɞɴɪɠɚɧɢɟɬɨ ɧɚ

ɯɪɚɧɚɬɚɡɚɩɚɡɜɚɣɤɢɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɧɢɬɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɚɣɤɢ ɛɴɪɡ ɢ ɟɞɧɚɤɴɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɧɚ

ɝɨɬɜɟɧɟ

ɉɪɨɛɜɚɣɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɬɟɫɢɪɟɰɟɩɬɢɢɫɟɜɴɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɨɬɥɟɤɨɬɚɬɚɧɚɬɚɡɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ

ɌɨɡɢɭɪɟɞɟɦɚɪɤɢɪɚɧɫɴɝɥɚɫɧɨɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚȾɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ(ɈɡɚɈɬɩɚɞɴɰɢɨɬɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɢɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɜɚɧɟ:(((:(((ɫɴɞɴɪɠɚ

ɟɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɡɚɦɴɪɫɹɜɚɳɢɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɢɤɨɢɬɨɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɨɤɚɠɚɬɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɧɨɜɴɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɜɴɪɯɭɨɤɨɥɧɚɬɚɫɪɟɞɚɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢɤɨɢɬɨ

ɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨȼɚɠɧɨɟ:(((ɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɟɧɢɩɨɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɧɢɧɚɱɢɧɢɫɨɝɪɥɟɞɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨɬɨɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɟɢɢɡɯɜɴɪɥɹɧɟɬɨɧɚ

ɜɫɢɱɤɢɡɚɦɴɪɫɢɬɟɥɢɢɜɴɡɜɪɴɳɚɧɟɬɨɢɪɟɰɢɤɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɫɢɱɤɢɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢ

Ɉɬɞɟɥɧɢɬɟɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɢɦɨɝɚɬɞɨɨɤɚɠɚɬɜɚɠɧɚɪɨɥɹɨɫɢɝɭɪɹɜɚɣɤɢɱɟ:(((ɧɹɦɚɞɚɫɬɚɧɚɬɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɡɚɨɤɨɥɧɚɬɚɫɪɟɞɚɜɚɠɧɨɟɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɫɥɟɞɜɚɧɢ

ɧɹɤɨɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ

:(((ɧɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɬɪɟɬɢɪɚɧɢɤɚɬɨɞɨɦɚɤɢɧɫɤɢɨɬɩɚɞɴɰɢ

:(((ɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɚɬɩɪɟɞɚɜɚɧɢɜɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɧɬɢɟɫɴɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɧɢɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɟɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɜɚɧɢɨɬɨɛɳɢɧɚɬɚɢɥɢɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɚɧɢɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢȼɦɧɨɝɨɞɴɪɠɚɜɢɡɚɝɨɥɟɦɢ

:(((ɦɨɠɟɞɚɫɟɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɫɴɛɢɪɚɧɟɨɬɞɨɦɨɜɟɬɟ

ɤɨɝɚɬɨɤɭɩɭɜɚɬɟɧɨɜɭɪɟɞɫɬɚɪɢɹɬɦɨɠɟɞɚɛɴɞɟɜɴɪɧɚɬɧɚɬɴɪɝɨɜɟɰɚɤɨɣɬɨɞɚɝɨɩɪɢɛɟɪɟɬɟɛɟɡɩɥɚɬɧɨɧɚɛɚɡɚɟɞɧɨɤɴɦɟɞɧɨɞɨɤɚɬɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɜɚɧɟɬɨɟɨɬ

ɫɴɳɢɹɬɢɩɢɦɚɫɴɳɢɬɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɤɚɬɨɞɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɨɬɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɜɚɧɟ

ɋɉȿɋɌəȼȺɇȿɇȺȿɇȿɊȽɂəɂɈɉȺɁȼȺɇȿɇȺɈɄɈɅɇȺɌȺɋɊȿȾȺ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɟɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɢɡɛɹɝɜɚɣɬɟɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɧɨɬɨɡɚɝɪɹɜɚɧɟɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɉɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɨɬɜɚɪɹɣɬɟɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɦɚɥɤɨɡɚɳɨɬɨɩɪɢ

ɜɫɹɤɨɨɬɜɚɪɹɧɟɫɟɝɭɛɢɬɨɩɥɢɧɚɁɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɧɚɢɤɨɧɨɦɢɹɧɚɟɧɟɪɝɢɹɢɡɤɥɸɱɟɬɟɮɭɪɧɚɬɚ±ɦɢɧɭɬɢɩɪɟɞɢɩɥɚɧɢɪɚɧɢɹɬɤɪɚɣɧɚɜɪɟɦɟɬɨɡɚɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɢ

ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɨɫɬɚɬɴɱɧɚɬɚɬɨɩɥɢɧɚɤɨɹɬɨɮɭɪɧɚɬɚɩɪɨɞɴɥɠɚɜɚɞɚɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɚɁɚɞɚɢɡɛɟɝɧɟɬɟɡɚɝɭɛɚɧɚɬɨɩɥɢɧɚɩɨɞɞɴɪɠɚɣɬɟɱɢɫɬɢɢɜɪɟɞɭɩɥɴɬɧɟɧɢɹɬɚɧɚ

ɮɭɪɧɚɬɚȺɤɨɢɦɚɬɟɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɢɬɚɪɢɮɢɡɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɬɚɟɧɟɪɝɢɹɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɬɫɬɚɪɬɡɚɞɚɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɬɟɝɨɬɜɟɧɟɬɨɧɚɩɨɧɢɫɤɚɬɚɬɚɪɢɮɚ

ȻȽ

8$

Ɂɦɿɫɬ

ɁɚɝɚɥɶɧɿɁɚɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹ



Ⱦɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɿɹȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿ

ɄɨɪɢɫɧɿɉɨɪɚɞɢɓɨɞɨȻɟɡɩɟɤɢ

Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ

ȼɛɭɞɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹȾɭɯɨɜɨʀɒɚɮɢȼɄɭɏɨɧɧɿɆɟɛɥɿ

ȼɚɠɥɢɜɨ

ɉɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹȾɨɀɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

ɈɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɹȾɭɯɨɜɤɢɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨȾɨɆɨɞɟɥɿ

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɇɚɞɿɣɧɨɫɬɿɉɨɥɢɰɶ

ɋɆȺɀȿɇɇəɇȺȽɊɂɅȱ

Ɇɨɞɟɥɿ8&22.

ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨȾɨɆɨɞɟɥɿ

ȾɭɯɨɜɤɚɁɊɟɠɢɦɨɦɋɚɦɨɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɌɚ

Ʉɚɬɚɥɿɬɢɱɧɢɦɉɨɤɪɢɬɬɹɦ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɿɹ$TXDFWLYD

ɈɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɌɚɈɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹ

ɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɣɐɟɧɬɪ

Ʉɨɪɢɫɧɿɩɨɪɚɞɢ



ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɏɜɢɥɢɧɧɨɝɨɌɚɣɦɟɪɚ

ȺɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɟȼɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɉɿɫɥɹɁɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ

ȼɿɞɥɿɤɭɌɚɣɦɟɪɚ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɑɚɫɭ

ɋɟɧɫɨɪɧɟɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɭɜɚɧɧɹȽɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɚ

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪ



ȱɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀɁȿɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ



8$

ɍȼȺȽȺɩɪɢɥɚɞɬɚɣɨɝɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿɱɚɫɬɢɧɢɦɨɠɭɬɶɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɬɢɫɹɩɿɞɱɚɫɪɨɛɨɬɢȻɭɞɶɬɟɨɛɟɪɟɠɧɢɦɢɬɚ

ɧɟɬɨɪɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯɧɚɝɪɿɬɢɯɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ

ɍȼȺȽȺɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿɱɚɫɬɢɧɢɦɨɠɭɬɶɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɬɢɫɹɩɿɞɱɚɫɪɨɛɨɬɢɞɭɯɨɜɤɢȾɿɬɢɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɧɚɛɥɢɠɚɬɢɫɹ

ɞɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ɍȼȺȽȺɩɟɪɟɞɡɚɦɿɧɨɸɥɚɦɩɢɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɳɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɨɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ

ɭɪɚɠɟɧɧɹɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɢɦɫɬɪɭɦɨɦ

ɍȼȺȽȺɩɟɪɟɞɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɦɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɰɢɤɥɭɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ

Ɉɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɞɜɟɪɰɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

 ȼɢɞɚɥɿɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɤɿ ɚɛɨ ɝɪɭɛɿ ɡɚɥɢɲɤɢ ʀɠɿ ɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɜɨɥɨɝɨʀ ɝɭɛɤɢ ɇɟ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɦɢɣɧɿɡɚɫɨɛɢ

ɍɫɭɧɶɬɟɜɫɟɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹɬɚɜɢɫɭɜɧɭɩɨɥɢɰɸɩɪɢɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ

ɇɟɪɨɡɦɿɳɭɣɬɟɤɭɯɨɧɧɿɪɭɲɧɢɤɢ

 ɉɟɪɲ ɧɿɠ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɰɢɤɥ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɤ ɿɡ ɡɨɧɞɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɦ¶ɹɫɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɢɬɢ ɨɬɜɿɪ

ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɸ ɝɚɣɤɨɸ əɤɳɨ ɡɨɧɞ ɞɥɹ ɦ¶ɹɫɚ ɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɜɠɞɢ ɡɚɤɪɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚ

ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɝɚɣɤɢ

Ⱦɿɬɢɜɿɤɨɦɞɨɪɨɤɿɜɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɧɚɛɥɢɠɚɬɢɫɹɞɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɚɛɨɠɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɬɢɩɿɞɩɨɫɬɿɣɧɢɦɧɚɝɥɹɞɨɦ

ɇɟɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟɞɿɬɹɦɝɪɚɬɢɫɹɡɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɨɫɨɛɚɦɢɜɿɤɨɦɜɿɞɪɨɤɿɜɚɬɚɤɨɠ

ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢɡɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɢɦɢɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɦɢɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɢɦɢɱɢɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɢɦɢɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢɛɟɡɞɨɫɜɿɞɭɚɛɨ

ɡɧɚɧɶɩɪɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɩɨɜɢɧɧɨɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɹɥɢɲɟɩɿɞɧɚɝɥɹɞɨɦɚɛɨɠɩɿɫɥɹɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɯ

ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɡ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ Ɍɚɤɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɨ ɛɭɬɢ ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɢɦ ɬɚ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɡ

ɭɫɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹɦɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɯɪɢɡɢɤɿɜ

Ɉɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɬɚɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɨɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɹɞɿɬɶɦɢɛɟɡɧɚɝɥɹɞɭ

ɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɲɨɪɫɬɤɿɚɛɨɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɿɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢɚɛɨɝɨɫɬɪɿɦɟɬɚɥɟɜɿɲɤɪɟɛɤɢɳɨɛɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢ

ɫɤɥɨɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɜɨɧɢɦɨɠɭɬɶɩɨɞɪɹɩɚɬɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɸɬɚɩɪɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɪɨɡɤɨɥɭɫɤɥɚ

 ȼɢɦɤɧɿɬɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɩɟɪɲ ɧɿɠ ɭɫɭɧɭɬɢ ɡɧɿɦɧɿ ɞɟɬɚɥɿ ɚ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɡɛɟɪɿɬɶ ʀɯ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ

ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɥɢɲɟɡɨɧɞɞɥɹɦ¶ɹɫɚɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɞɥɹɰɿɽʀɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɇɟɫɥɿɞɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɚɪɨɨɱɢɫɧɢɤɞɥɹɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ɉɿɞɤɥɸɱɿɬɶɜɢɥɤɭɞɨɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɨɝɨɤɚɛɟɥɸɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɹɤɢɣɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɽɧɚɩɪɭɝɭɫɬɪɭɦɬɚɧɚɜɚɧɬɚɠɟɧɧɹ

ɜɤɚɡɚɧɿ ɧɚ ɹɪɥɢɤɭ Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɛɭɬɢ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɨɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɩɪɢɞɚɬɧɨɸ ɞɥɹ

ɧɚɜɚɧɬɚɠɟɧɧɹɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨɧɚɹɪɥɢɤɭɉɪɨɜɿɞɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɠɨɜɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɦɤɨɥɶɨɪɨɦɐɹ

ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɢɫɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɦ ɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɦ ɩɪɚɰɿɜɧɢɤɨɦ ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟɫɭɦɿɫɧɨɫɬɿ

ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɬɚ ɜɢɥɤɢ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɩɨɩɪɨɫɿɬɶ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɚ ɡɚɦɿɧɢɬɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɿɧɲɭ ɹɤɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɬɢɦɟ

ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɦɭ ɬɢɩɭ ȼɢɥɤɚ ɬɚ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɬɢ ɞɿɸɱɢɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɜ ɤɪɚʀɧɿ

ɉɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɞɨɞɠɟɪɟɥɚɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɤɨɠɦɨɠɟɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɹɲɥɹɯɨɦɪɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɧɹɜɫɟɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ

ɜɢɦɢɤɚɱɚɦɿɠɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦɬɚɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɹɤɢɣɦɨɠɟɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɟɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɟ

ɧɚɜɚɧɬɚɠɟɧɧɹ ɿ ɹɤɢɣ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ ɱɢɧɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɭ ɀɨɜɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɧɟ

ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɩɟɪɟɪɢɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɜɢɦɢɤɚɱɟɦ Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɱɢ ɜɫɟɩɨɥɹɪɧɢɣ ɜɢɦɢɤɚɱ ɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ

ɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɢɩɿɫɥɹɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ȼɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɦɨɠɟɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɹɡɚɪɚɯɭɧɨɤɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɿɜɢɥɤɢɚɛɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɦ

ɩɟɪɟɦɢɤɚɱɚɭɮɿɤɫɨɜɚɧɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɭɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɦɨɧɬɚɠɭ

əɤɳɨɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɨɣɨɝɨɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɡɚɦɿɧɢɬɢɤɚɛɟɥɟɦɱɢɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɦɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɨɦ

ɩɪɨɜɨɞɿɜɧɚɞɚɧɢɦɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɨɦɚɛɨɡɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɫɹɞɨɜɿɞɞɿɥɭɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɥɿɽɧɬɿɜ

Ɍɢɩɤɚɛɟɥɸɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɛɭɬɢ+99)

 ɇɟɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɳɟɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɜɤɚɡɿɜɨɤ ɦɨɠɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɩɥɢɧɭɬɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɡɩɟɤɭ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɬɚ

ɚɧɭɥɸɜɚɬɢɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɸ

ɉɟɪɟɞɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɭɫɭɧɭɬɢɛɭɞɶɹɤɿɡɚɥɢɲɤɢɪɨɡɥɢɬɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ

 ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɿɪɨɥɿɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɛɿɥɶɲɟ ɧɿɠ ɡɚɡɜɢɱɚɣ ɬɨɦɭ ɞɿɬɢ

ɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɬɢɧɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿɣɜɿɞɫɬɚɧɿ

 ɉɪɢɥɚɞ ɧɟ ɫɥɿɞ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɡɚ ɞɟɤɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɢɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚɦɢ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɰɟ ɩɪɢɡɜɟɞɟ ɞɨ

ɩɟɪɟɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ

 Ɋɨɡɦɿɳɭɸɱɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɸ ɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹ ɳɨ ɨɛɦɟɠɭɜɚɱ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɨ ɜɝɨɪɭ ɬɚ ɜ ɡɚɞɧɸ

ɱɚɫɬɢɧɭɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɢɉɨɥɢɰɸɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸɩɨɦɿɫɬɢɬɢɜɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɭ

ɍȼȺȽȺɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɚɥɸɦɿɧɿɽɜɭɮɨɥɶɝɭɱɢɨɞɧɨɪɚɡɨɜɿɡɚɯɢɫɧɿɡɚɫɨɛɢɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿɜɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɚɯ

ɞɥɹ ɡɚɯɢɫɬɭ ɫɬɿɧɨɤ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ Ⱥɥɸɦɿɧɿɽɜɚ ɮɨɥɶɝɚ ɱɢ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɿ ɿɧɲɿ ɡɚɯɢɫɧɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɿ ɡ

ɧɚɝɪɿɬɨɸɟɦɚɥɶɨɜɚɧɨɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɸɦɨɠɭɬɶɪɨɡɩɥɚɜɢɬɢɫɹɬɚɩɨɲɤɨɞɢɬɢʀʀ

ɍȼȺȽȺɇɿɤɨɥɢɧɟɡɧɿɦɚɣɬɟɭɳɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼɤɚɡɿɜɤɢɡɬɟɯɧɿɤɢɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨ

ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢ ɉɨɦɢɣɬɟ ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɝɭɛɤɢ

ɋɩɨɥɨɫɧɿɬɶɿɜɢɫɭɲɿɬɶ

ɇɚɩɪɨɫɬɿɣɩɨɥɢɰɿɦɨɠɧɚɪɨɡɦɿɫɬɢɬɢ

ɮɨɪɦɢɞɥɹɜɢɩɿɱɤɢɬɚɩɨɫɭɞ

ɉɨɥɢɰɹ ɞɥɹ ɥɨɬɤɿɜ ɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ

ɩɿɞɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɿ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ʀʀ ɡ ɩɿɞɞɨɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ

ɡɛɨɪɭɪɿɞɢɧɢ

Ɂɚɜɞɹɤɢ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɮɿɥɸ ɩɨɥɢɰɿ

ɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɦɭɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɿɧɚɜɿɬɶɹɤɳɨʀɯɪɿɡɤɨɜɢɬɹɝɧɭɬɢ

ȼɿɞɫɭɬɧɿɣɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɣɪɢɡɢɤɤɨɜɡɚɧɧɹɩɨɫɭɞɭɱɢɪɨɡɥɢɜɚɧɧɹɣɨɝɨɜɦɿɫɬɭ

ɉɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɡɛɨɪɭɪɿɞɢɧɢɡɛɢɪɚɽɫɿɤɳɨɫɤɚɩɭɽ

ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹ ʀɠɿ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɿ ȼɿɧ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɥɢɲɟ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɿ ɲɚɲɥɢɱɧɢɰɿ ɚɛɨ

ɝɪɢɥɿ ɜ ɩɨɽɞɧɚɧɧɿ ɡ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɿɧɲɢɯ

ɫɩɨɫɨɛɿɜɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɜɢɣɦɿɬɶɣɨɝɨɡɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɇɿɤɨɥɢɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɩɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹ ɡɛɨɪɭɪɿɞɢɧɢɹɤɩɨɥɢɰɸɞɥɹ

ɡɚɩɿɤɚɧɧɹ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɰɟɦɨɠɟɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɩɨɹɜɭɞɢɦɭ ɬɚ ɡɚɛɪɢɡɤɚɬɢ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ

ɇɚɛɿɪ ɞɥɹ ɩɿɰɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɿɰɢ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɭ ɧɚɛɿɪ ɫɥɿɞ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɜ ɩɨɽɞɧɚɧɧɿ ɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɽɸ

ɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɿɰɢ

ɁȺȽȺɅɖɇȱɁȺɋɌȿɊȿɀȿɇɇə

Ⱦɹɤɭɽɦɨ ɳɨ ɜɢ ɨɛɪɚɥɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɡ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɜɢɪɨɛɿɜ Ⱦɥɹ ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲ

ɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɜɚɲɨʀɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɪɚɞɢɦɨ

 ɭɜɚɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɢ ɰɿ ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɜɨɧɢ ɦɿɫɬɹɬɶ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɿ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ

ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɝɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɬɚɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹɞɭɯɨɜɨʀ

ɲɚɮɢ

ɬɪɢɦɚɬɢɰɟɣɛɭɤɥɟɬɜɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɭɦɿɫɰɿɳɨɛɡɜɟɪɬɚɬɢɫɹɞɨɧɶɨɝɨɜ

ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨɦɭ  ȼɫɿ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ

ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɸɬɶɫɹɛɭɞɶɬɟɭɜɚɠɧɿɿɧɟɬɨɪɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɰɢɯɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ

ɉɪɢɩɟɪɲɨɦɭɭɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɡɧɟʀɦɨɠɟɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɞɢɦɡ

ɪɿɡɤɢɦ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɦ ɐɟ ɩɨɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɡ ɬɢɦ ɳɨ ɤɥɟɣ ɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɩɚɧɟɥɟɣ

ɧɚɜɤɨɥɨɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɜɩɟɪɲɟ

ɐɟɰɿɥɤɨɦɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɿɹɤɳɨɬɚɤɟɬɪɚɩɥɹɽɬɶɫɹɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɡɚɱɟɤɚɬɢ

ɞɨɤɢɞɢɦɧɟɡɧɢɤɧɟɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɫɬɚɜɢɬɢɫɬɪɚɜɢɜɞɭɯɨɜɭɲɚɮɭȾɭɯɨɜɚ

ɲɚɮɚɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɞɨɜɢɫɨɤɢɯɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɡɝɿɞɧɨɡʀʀɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ

Ɉɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɝɚɪɹɱɢɦɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɫɤɥɨɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢ

ɄɈɊɂɋɇȱɉɈɊȺȾɂɓɈȾɈȻȿɁɉȿɄɂ

ɆɈɇɌȺɀ

Ʉɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɱɦɚɽɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɢɬɢɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɧɟɛɟɪɟɧɚɫɟ

ɛɟ ɡɨ ɛɨɜ¶ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɳ ɨɞɨ ɜ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɞ ɭɯɨɜɨʀ ɲ ɚɮɢ əɤɳɨ ɧɟ

ɨɛɯɿɞɧɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɚɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɚɞɥɹɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɶɳɨɜ

ɢɧɢɤɚɸɬɶɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɤɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɚɧɟ

ɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɽɸ

ɇɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀɿɡɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɿɞɥɹɤɜɚ

ɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɿɫɬɿɜ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɟ ɜ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɦ ɨɠɟ ɩɪ

ɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɢɞɨɲɤɨɞɢɚɛɨɬɪɚɜɦɥɸɞɟɣɬɜɚɪɢɧɱɢɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɪɟɱɟɣ

Ɂɚɬɚɤɭɲɤɨɞɭɚɛɨɬɪɚɜɦɢɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɧɟɧɟɫɟ

Ⱦɥɹɧɚɥɟɠɧɨʀɪɨɛɨɬɢɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢʀʀɫɥɿɞɜɛɭɞɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɜɦɟɛɥɿɹɤɿ

ɩɪɢɞɚɬɧɿɞɥɹɰɶɨɝɨɉɚɧɟɥɿɤɭɯɨɧɧɢɯɦɟɛɥɿɜɳɨɡɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɶɫɹɩɨɪɭɱɡ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɸɲɚɮɨɸɦɚɸɬɶɛɭɬɢɜɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɿɡɬɟɩɥɨɫɬɿɣɤɢɯɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜ

ɍɩɟɜɧɿɬɶɫɹɳɨɤɥɟɣɹɤɢɣɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɞɥɹɨɛɤɥɟɸɜɚɧɧɹɩ

ɚɧɟɥɟɣɲɩɨɧɨɦɫɬɿɣɤɢɣɞɨɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢɧɟɦɟɧɲɟ&ɉɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ

ɛɨɤɥɟɣɹɤɢɣɧɟɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɽɬɚɤɿɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢɦɨɠɟɪɨɡɩɥɚɜɢɬɢɫɹɬɚ

ɞɟɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢɦɟɛɥɿɄɨɥɢɞɭɯɨɜɚɲɚɮɚɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿɲɚ

ɮɤɢɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɿɞɟɬɚɥɿɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɛɭɬɢɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸɿɡɨɥɶɨɜɚɧɢɦɢɐɟɜɢ

ɦɨɝɚɬɟɯɧɿɤɢɛɟɡɩɟɤɢɳɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɡɚɤɨɧɨɦȼɫɿɡɚɯɢɫɧɿɞɟɬɚɥɿ

ɦɚɸɬɶɛɭɬɢɠɨɪɫɬɤɨɡɚɤɪɿɩɥɟɧɿɧɚɫɜɨʀɯɦɿɫɰɹɯɳɨɛʀɯɧɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɛ

ɭɥɨɡɧɹɬɢɛɟɡɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɯɿɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɿɜ

Ɂɧɹɬɢɡɚɞɧɸɫɬɿɧɤɭɲɚɮɤɢɳɨɛɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɢɬɢɧɚɥɟɠɧɭɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɿɸɿɰ

ɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɿɸɩɨɜɿɬɪɹɧɚɜɤɨɥɨɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢȼɚɪɢɥɶɧɚɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹɩɨ

ɜɢɧɧɚɦɚɬɢɩɨɡɚɞɭɩɪɨɫɜɿɬɧɟɦɟɧɲɟɦɦ

ȼȻɍȾɈȼɍȼȺɇɇəȾɍɏɈȼɈȲɒȺɎɂȼɄɍɏɈɇɇȱɆȿȻɅȱ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɞɭɯɨɜɤɭɧɚɦɿɫɰɿɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɟɧɨɦɭɜɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɦɭɝɚɪɧɿɬɭɪɿʀʀ

ɦɨɠɧɚ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɩɿɞ ɫɬɿɥɶɧɢɰɟɸ ɚɛɨ ɠ ɭ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɲɚɮɿ

Ɂɚɮɿɤɫɭɣɬɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɝɜɢɧɬɿɜ ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɱɨɬɢɪɢ

ɨɬɜɨɪɢɞɥɹɤɪɿɩɥɟɧɧɹɜɪɚɦɿɊɢɫɧɚɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɣɫɬɨɪɿɧɰɿ

Ⱦɥɹɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɿɫɰɟɡɧɚɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɨɬɜɨɪɿɜɞɥɹɤɪɿɩɥɟɧɧɹɜɿɞɤɪɢɣɬɟ

ɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɬɚ ɡɚɝɥɹɧɶɬɟ ɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭ Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹ

ɧɚɥɟɠɧɨʀ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɿʀ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɮɿɤɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨ

ɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɜɢɦɿɪɿɜɿɜɿɞɫɬɚɧɟɣɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯɧɚɫɯɟɦɿɧɚɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɣ

ɫɬɨɪɿɧɰɿ

ɉɪɢɦɿɬɤɚȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɱɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɡ ɜɛɭɞɨɜɚɧɨɸ ɜɚɪɢɥɶɧɨɸ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɸɫɥɿɞ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯɭ ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭ

ɞɥɹɜɚɪɢɥɶɧɨʀɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ

ȼȺɀɅɂȼɈ

Ⱦɟɬɚɥɿ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ ɳɨ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɭɜɚɬɢ ɡ

ɯɚɪɱɨɜɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɸɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹɦ

ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɢȯȿɋ

6WDYOMDQMHPR]QDNHQDRYDMSURL]YRGL]MDYOMXMHPRSRGSXQRP

RGJRYRUQRãüXGDMHRYDMSURL]YRGXVDJODVQRVWLVDVYLPHYURSVNLP

QRUPDPDREH]EHGQRVWL]GUDYOMXLVYLP]DKWHYLPD]D]DãWLWXåLYRWQH

VUHGLQHQDYHGHQLKX]DNRQRGDYVWYX

ȾȿɄɅȺɊȺɐȱəȼȱȾɉɈȼȱȾɇɈɋɌȱ

ɉɿɞɤɥɸɱɿɬɶɩɪɢɥɚɞɞɨɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɪɟɠɿɇɚɫɚɦɩɟɪɟɞɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɜ

ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɪɟɬɶɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɭ ɹɤɢɣ ɞɿɽ ɹɤ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɛɭɬɢɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɚɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦɱɢɧɨɦ

əɤɳɨɦɨɞɟɥɶɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɧɟɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚɜɢɥɤɨɸɩɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɭ

ɜɢɥɤɭ ɞɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ȼɨɧɚ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɭɝɭ

ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɭ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿ ɡ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɢɦɢ Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹ

ɩɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɠɨɜɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɦ ɤɨɥɶɨɪɨɦ ȼɢɥɤɭ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɩɿɞɽɞɧɭɜɚɬɢ

ɬɿɥɶɤɢ ɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɮɚɯɿɜɟɰɶ əɤɳɨ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɬɚ ɜɢɥɤɚ ɽ

ɧɟɫɭɦɿɫɧɢɦɢ ɬɨɞɿ ɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɮɚɯɿɜɟɰɶ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɡɚɦɿɧɢɬɢ

ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɄɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɣɮɚɯɿɜɟɰɶɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɬɚɤɨɠɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɬɢɫɹɳɨ

ɤɚɛɟɥɿ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɡɞɚɬɧɿ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɢ ɫɬɪɭɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼɢɦɢɤɚɱ212))ɦɨɠɧɚɬɚɤɨɠɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɢɞɨɩɨɞɚɱɿɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɉɪɢ

ɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɿ ɫɥɿɞ ɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɨɬɨɱɧɢɣ ɫɬɪɭɦ ɿ ɱɢɧɧɿ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɱɿ

ɜɢɦɨɝɢɀɨɜɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɤɟɪɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ

ɜɢɦɢɤɚɱɟɦ 212)) Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɱɢ ɜɢɦɢɤɚɱ 212)) ɹɤɿ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹɞɥɹɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɞɨɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɪɟɠɿɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɛɭɬɢ

ɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɢɩɿɫɥɹɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼɚɠɥɢɜɨɉɿɞɱɚɫɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɪɨɡɦɿɫɬɿɬɶɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɤɢɦ

ɱɢɧɨɦ ɳɨɛ ɜɿɧ ɭ ɠɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɞɚɜɚɜɫɹ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɜɢɫɨɤɢɯ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɩɨɧɚɞ & Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ

ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɸɱɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɥɢɲɟ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ

ɱɢɧɧɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɱɢɯ ɜɢɦɨɝ ɳɨɞɨ ɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɢ ȼɢ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɿ

ɩɟɪɟɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɢɫɹɜɧɚɥɟɠɧɨɦɭɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɭ ɲɤɨɞɭ ɱɢ

ɬɪɚɜɦɢ ɡɚɩɨɞɿɹɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɚɦ ɬɜɚɪɢɧɚɦ ɚɛɨ ɦɚɣɧɭ ɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ

ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɍȼȺȽȺ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɿ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɜɤɚɡɚɧɿ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿ ɡ

ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɦɢɞɚɧɢɦɢɪɢɫɧɚɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɣɫɬɨɪɿɧɰɿ

Ʉɚɛɟɥɿ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɚ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɿ ɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɭ

ɧɚɩɪɭɝɭɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɭɞɥɹɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɐɟɜɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿɡɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɦɢ

ɞɚɧɢɦɢ ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯ ɫɭɦɧɿɜɿɜ ɫɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɣɬɟɫɹ

ɩɨɫɥɭɝɚɦɢɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɨɝɨɮɚɯɿɜɰɹ

ɉȱȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɇəȾɈɀɂȼɅȿɇɇə

ɈɋɇȺɓȿɇɇəȾɍɏɈȼɄɂɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨɦɨɞɟɥɿ

8$

Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɭɫɥɿɞɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɥɢɲɟɡɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɚɫɚɦɟɞɥɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹʀɠɿ Ȼɭɞɶɹɤɟ ɿɧɲɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ

ɞɥɹɨɛɿɝɪɿɜɭɽɧɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦɿɬɨɦɭɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɢɦ

 ȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɭ ɲɤɨɞɭ ɡɚɩɨɞɿɹɧɭ

ɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɱɢ ɧɟɪɨɡɭɦɧɨɝɨ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɉɪɢɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɿɛɭɞɶɹɤɨɝɨɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ɫɥɿɞɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɨɯɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯɩɪɚɜɢɥ

ɇɟɬɹɝɧɿɬɶɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɳɨɛɜɢɬɹɝɧɭɬɢɜɢɥɤɭɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɇɟɬɨɪɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɜɨɥɨɝɢɦɢɱɢɦɨɤɪɢɦɢɪɭɤɚɦɢɚɛɨɧɨɝɚɦɢ

ɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɞɭɯɨɜɤɭɛɟɡɜɡɭɬɬɹ

 Ɂɚɝɚɥɨɦ ɧɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪɢ

ɪɨɡɝɚɥɭɠɭɜɚɱɿɬɚɩɨɞɨɜɠɭɜɚɱɿ

əɤɳɨ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɡɥɚɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɱɢ ɜ ɧɿɣ ɜɢɧɢɤɥɚ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɚ ɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɿɫɬɶ

ɜɢɦɤɧɿɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɧɟɬɨɪɤɚɣɬɟɫɹʀʀ

ɍɪɚɡɿɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɤɚɛɟɥɸɣɨɝɨɫɥɿɞɡɚɦɿɧɢɬɢ

ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɡɚɦɿɧɢ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɣɬɟɫɹ ɰɢɯ ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ȼɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟ

ɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɡɚɦɿɧɿɬɶɣɨɝɨɨɞɧɢɦɡɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɯɬɢɩɿɜ+55)

+99) +99) Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɭ

ɧɚɩɪɭɝɭɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɭɞɥɹɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɁɚɦɿɧɚɤɚɛɟɥɸɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɢɫɹ

ɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɦɢ ɮɚɯɿɜɰɹɦɢ Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɠɨɜɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɢɣ

ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɛɭɬɢɧɚɦɦɞɨɜɲɢɦɧɿɠɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

ɉɪɢɪɟɦɨɧɬɿɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɣɬɟɫɹɩɨɫɥɭɝɚɦɢɥɢɲɟɫɟɪɬɢɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɯɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɯ

ɰɟɧɬɪɿɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹ ɳɨ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɦɿɧɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ

ɥɢɲɟ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿ ɞɟɬɚɥɿ ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɳɟɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ

ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɧɟɝɚɪɚɧɬɭɽɛɟɡɩɟɤɭɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɚɥɸɦɿɧɿɽɜɭɮɨɥɶɝɭɱɢɨɞɧɨɪɚɡɨɜɿɡɚɯɢɫɧɿ

ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɯɢɫɬɭ ɫɬɿɧɨɤ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

Ⱥɥɸɦɿɧɿɽɜɚɮɨɥɶɝɚɱɢɛɭɞɶɹɤɿɿɧɲɿɡɚɯɢɫɧɿɡɚɫɨɛɢɩɪɢɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɿ

ɡ ɧɚɝɪɿɬɨɸɟɦɚɥɶɨɜɚɧɨɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɸɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɪɨɡɩɥɚɜɢɬɢɫɹ ɬɚ

ɩɨɲɤɨɞɢɬɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɸ

86((



Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɸ ɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹ ɹɤɚ ɡɚɦɿɧɸɽ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɭ

ɥɚɦɩɭɫɜɿɬɥɨɞɿɨɞɧɢɯɥɚɦɩɜɛɭɞɨɜɚɧɿɭɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚɐɟɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽ

ɜɢɫɨɤɨɹɤɿɫɧɟɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹɳɨɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽɱɿɬɤɨɨɝɥɹɞɚɬɢɜɦɿɫɬɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɛɟɡɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯɬɿɧɟɣɧɚɩɨɥɢɰɹɯ

ɉɟɪɟɜɚɝɢ

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɤɪɿɦ ɬɨɝɨɳɨ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽɛɟɡɞɨɝɚɧɧɟ ɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹ

ɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɽɬɚɤɨɠɞɨɜɝɨɜɿɱɧɿɲɨɸɜɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɿɡɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɨɸ

ɥɚɦɩɨɸɩɪɨɫɬɿɲɨɸɜɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɿɬɚɟɤɨɧɨɦɧɿɲɨɸ

Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɢɣɨɝɥɹɞ

Ⱦɨɜɝɨɜɿɱɧɟɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹ

 ɇɚɞɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨ ɧɢɡɶɤɢɣ ɪɿɜɟɧɶ ɫɩɨɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ  ɭ

ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɿɡɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɢɦɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹɦ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞɡɛɿɥɢɦɫɜɿɬɥɨɞɿɨɞɧɢɦɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹɦɤɥɚɫɭ0ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɭ ,(&    $  $ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨ

(1  $   $  ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚ ɩɨɬɭɠɧɿɫɬɶ

ɫɜɿɬɥɚɳɨɜɢɩɪɨɦɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɧɦɦɤȼɬ

ɇɟɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹɛɟɡɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɡɨɩɬɢɱɧɢɦɢɿɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ

ɍɫɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɿɮɭɧɤɰɿɽɸɐɟ

ɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽɤɟɪɭɜɚɬɢɩɨɲɢɪɟɧɧɹɦɜɨɥɨɝɢɿɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

ɐɹɮɭɧɤɰɿɹɡɧɢɠɭɽɜɬɪɚɬɭɜɨɥɨɝɢɧɚɳɨɝɚɪɚɧɬɭɽ

ɧɿɠɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɤɪɚɳɢɣ ɫɦɚɤ ʀɠɿ Ɍɚɤɟ ɞɟɥɿɤɚɬɧɟ ɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ

ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɟɞɥɹɜɢɩɿɤɚɧɧɹɯɥɿɛɚɬɚɿɧɲɨʀɜɢɩɿɱɤɢ

8$

ȾɍɏɈȼɄȺɁɊȿɀɂɆɈɆɋȺɆɈɈɑɂɓȿɇɇə

ɌȺɄȺɌȺɅȱɌɂɑɇɂɆɉɈɄɊɂɌɌəɆ

Ȼɿɱɧɿɞɪɨɬɭɫɿɬɤɢɹɤɳɨ

ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣ



ȼɢɞɚɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɩɚɧɟɥɟɣ



 ɄɈɊɂɋɇȱ ɉɈɊȺȾɂ

ɋɂɋɌȿɆȺɇȺȾȱɃɇɈɋɌȱɉɈɅɂɐɖ

ɋɆȺɀȿɇɇəɇȺȽɊɂɅȱ



 ɆɈȾȿɅȱ 8&22.





86((

ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨɦɨɞɟɥɿ



ɉɿɞɱɚɫɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɢ$TXDFWLYDɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɩɚɪɚɞɥɹɭɫɭɧɟɧɧɹ

ɡɚɥɢɲɤɿɜɠɢɪɭɬɚʀɠɿɡɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɇɚɥɢɣɬɟ  ɦɥ ɜɨɞɢɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ$TXDFWLYD ɳɨɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ

ɜɧɢɡɭɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

 ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ     ɚɛɨ

ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹɡɧɢɡɭ

ɇɚɥɚɲɬɭɣɬɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭɞɥɹɡɧɚɱɤɚ$TXDFWLYD

Ⱦɨɡɜɨɥɶɬɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɿɩɪɚɰɸɜɚɬɢɜɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɯɜɢɥɢɧ

ɑɟɪɟɡɯɜɢɥɢɧɜɢɦɤɧɿɬɶɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɭɬɚɞɨɡɜɨɥɶɬɟɞɭɯɨɜɰɿɨɯɨɥɨɧɭɬɢ

ɉɿɫɥɹɬɨɝɨɹɤɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɯɨɥɨɧɟɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿɡɚ

ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɢ

ɍɜɚɝɚ

ɉɟɪɲɧɿɠɬɨɪɤɚɬɢɫɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɶɭɬɨɦɭɳɨɜɿɧɯɨɥɨɞɧɢɣ

ɉɪɢɩɨɜɨɞɠɟɧɧɿɡɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɥɶɧɢɦɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹɦɢɫɥɿɞɛɭɬɢɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨ

ɨɛɚɱɧɢɦɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɿɫɧɭɽɪɢɡɢɤɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹɨɩɿɤɿɜ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɞɢɫɬɢɥɶɨɜɚɧɭɚɛɨɩɢɬɧɭɜɨɞɭ

PO

ɎɍɇɄɐȱə+<'52$48$&7,9$



ɉɨɥɢɰɹɞɥɹɥɨɬɤɿɜ

ɉɨɥɢɰɹɞɥɹɥɨɬɤɿɜɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɩɿɞɯɨɞɢɬɶ

ɞɥɹɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹɧɚɝɪɢɥɿ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟʀʀɡɩɿɞɞɨɧɨɦɞɥɹ

ɡɛɨɪɭɪɿɞɢɧɢɍɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɬɚɤɨɠ

ɜɯɨɞɢɬɶɪɭɱɤɚɞɥɹɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɝɨ

ɜɢɣɦɚɧɧɹɇɟɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟɪɭɱɤɭɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȼɢɣɦɿɬɶɪɢɮɥɟɧɿɝɚɣɤɢɩɨɜɟɪɬɚɸɱɢʀɯɩɪɨɬɢɝɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɨɜɨʀɫɬɪɿɥɤɢ

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɩɚɧɟɥɿɩɨɬɹɝɧɭɜɲɢʀɯɧɚɫɟɛɟ

 ɓɨɛ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢ ɩɚɧɟɥɿ ɩɨɦɿɫɬɿɬɶ ʀɯ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɢɣɧɭ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɚɛɨ

ɩɪɨɬɪɿɬɶɦɨɤɪɨɸɝɭɛɤɨɸɬɚɜɢɫɭɲɿɬɶ

 ɉɿɫɥɹ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɦɿɫɬɿɬɶ ɩɚɧɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɽ ɦɿɫɰɟ ɭ ɡɜɨɪɨɬɧɶɨɦɭ

ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ

Ɂɚɦɿɧɿɬɶɪɢɮɥɟɧɿɝɚɣɤɢ

Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɧɨɜɨɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɸ

ɧɚɞɿɣɧɨɫɬɿɩɨɥɢɰɶ

ɐɟ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ ɜɚɦ ɜɢɣɦɚɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɿ ɡ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɨɝɥɹɞɭ ʀɠɿ ɛɟɡ ɪɢɡɢɤɭ

ɩɪɨɥɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɠ ɪɚɩɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɢɩɚɞɚɧɧɹ

ɩɨɥɢɰɿɡɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɓɨɛɜɢɣɧɹɬɢɩɨɥɢɰɿɩɨɬɹɝɧɿɬɶɬɚɩɪɢɩɿɞɧɿɦɿɬɶ

ʀɯ

Ɂɚɜɞɹɤɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɸ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɿ ʀɠɚ ɲɜɢɞɤɨ ɧɚɛɭɜɚɽ ɚɩɟɬɢɬɧɨʀ

ɫɤɨɪɢɧɤɢɓɨɛɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢɫɤɨɪɢɧɤɭɦɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɦɨɩɨɦɿɫɬɢɬɢɝɪɢɥɶ

ɧɚɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɦɭɪɿɜɧɿɡɚɥɟɠɧɨɜɿɞɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿʀɠɿɞɢɜɪɢɫɧɚɫɬɨɪɿɧɰɿ

ɇɚɝɪɢɥɿɦɨɠɧɚɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɨɛɭɞɶɹɤɿɫɬɪɚɜɢɡɚɜɢɧɹɬɤɨɦɞɭɠɟ

ɧɿɠɧɨʀɞɢɱɢɧɢɱɢɦɹɫɧɢɯɪɭɥɟɬɿɜ

Ɇɹɫɨɬɚɪɢɛɭɹɤɿɜɢɡɛɢɪɚɽɬɟɫɹɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢɧɚɝɪɢɥɿɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɫɩɟɪɲɭ

ɡɥɟɝɤɚɩɨɥɢɬɢɨɥɿɽɸ

Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɿ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɸ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ

ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɹɤɚ ɜɿɞɨɦɚ ɬɚ ɡɚɩɚɬɟɧɬɨɜɚɧɚ ɩɿɞ ɧɚɡɜɨɸ

9$5,2)$1 ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɰɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɦɿɧɸɽ

ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɶ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɠɢɦɿ ɞɥɹ

ɨɩɬɢɦɿɡɚɰɿʀɩɨɬɨɤɭɩɨɜɿɬɪɹɬɚɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢɜɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɿ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

8&22.

ɐɟ ɡɦɟɧɲɭɽ ɱɚɫ ɧɚ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɽ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɥɢɲɟɯɜɢɥɢɧɳɨɛɞɨɫɹɝɧɭɬɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

ɝɪɚɞɭɫɿɜɐɟɥɶɫɿɹ

ɐɟɞɚɽɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɪɿɜɧɹɬɚɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ

ɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹɧɚɝɪɢɥɿɚɬɚɤɨɠɞɨɛɿɥɶɲɟɩɨɬɭɠɧɨɫɬɿɜ

ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɿ ɡ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɨɸ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɸ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɸ

8&22.

Ⱦɟɹɤɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɿɧɨɜɢɦɢɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚɦɢ:,'('225ɹɤɿɦɿɫɬɹɬɶ

ɛɿɥɶɲɟɜɿɤɨɧɰɟɳɨɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢɤɪɚɳɟɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɚ

ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽɩɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɭɬɟɪɦɨɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɸ

Ⱦɥɹ ɜɫɿɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɹɤɨɫɬɿ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɿ

ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɿ ɫɚɦɨɨɱɢɫɧɿ ɩɚɧɟɥɿ ɡ ɦɿɤɪɨɩɨɪɢɫɬɢɦ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹɦ ɉɪɢ ʀɯ

ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿɞɭɯɨɜɤɭɛɿɥɶɲɟɧɟɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢɜɪɭɱɧɭ

ɀɢɪɪɨɡɛɪɢɡɤɚɧɢɣɧɚɫɬɿɧɤɚɯɞɭɯɨɜɤɢɩɿɞɱɚɫɡɚɩɿɤɚɧɧɹɭɫɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ

ɦɿɤɪɨɩɨɪɢɫɬɢɦ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹɦ ɹɤɟ ɪɭɣɧɭɽ ɣɨɝɨ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɤɚɬɚɥɿɡɭ ɬɚ

ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɸɽɜɝɚɡ

ɉɪɨɬɟ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɟ ɪɨɡɛɪɢɡɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɟ ɡɚɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɨɪɢ ɿ ɨɬɠɟ

ɩɟɪɟɲɤɨɞɠɚɬɢ ɫɚɦɨɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɸ Ɂɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɟ

ɛɭɬɢɜɿɞɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɲɥɹɯɨɦɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɩɨɪɨɠɧɶɨʀɩɟɱɿɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɧɚ

ɯɜɢɥɢɧ

ɇɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɿ ɜɢɪɨɛɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɟɜɿ ɞɪɨɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɫɬɪɿ

ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɢɲɨɪɫɬɤɿɬɤɚɧɢɧɢɚɛɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɬɚɦɢɣɧɿɡɚɫɨɛɢɹɤɿ

ɦɨɠɭɬɶɡɚɜɞɚɬɢɲɤɨɞɢɤɚɬɚɥɿɬɢɱɧɿɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ

ɇɚɣɤɪɚɳɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɝɥɢɛɨɤɿ ɥɨɬɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɿɤɚɧɧɹ ɠɢɪɧɢɯ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɿɜɬɚɤɢɯɹɤɫɬɪɚɜɢɡɦɹɫɚɬɨɳɨɿɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɢɥɨɬɨɤɩɿɞɝɪɢɥɶ

ɞɥɹ ɡɚɛɨɪɭ ɧɚɞɥɢɲɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɠɢɪɭ əɤɳɨ ɫɬɿɧɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɫɬɿɥɶɤɢ

ɫɢɥɶɧɨɜɤɪɢɬɿɠɢɪɨɦɳɨɤɚɬɚɥɿɬɢɱɧɚɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹɜɠɟɧɟɽɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɸ

ɜɢɞɚɥɿɬɶɧɚɞɥɢɲɤɨɜɢɣɠɢɪɦɹɤɨɸɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɨɸɚɛɨɝɭɛɤɨɸɡɦɨɱɟɧɨɸɜ

ɝɚɪɹɱɿɣɜɨɞɿ

Ⱦɥɹ ɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹ

ɩɨɪɢɫɬɨɸ

Ɂɚɩɚɦɹɬɚɣɬɟ Ɍɟɪɦɿɧ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ ɜɫɿɯ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɯ ɧɚ ɪɢɧɤɭ

ɤɚɬɚɥɿɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɨɧɶ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɽ ɛɥɢɡɶɤɨ  ɝɨɞɢɧ Ɍɨɦɭ ʀɯ ɫɥɿɞ

ɡɚɦɿɧɸɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɧɨɱɟɪɟɡɤɨɠɧɿɝɨɞɢɧ

8$



ɈɑɂɓȿɇɇəɌȺɈȻɋɅɍȽɈȼɍȼȺɇɇə



ɋȿɊȼȱɋɇɂɃɐȿɇɌɊ

ɌȺɃɆȿɊ





ȼɂɄɈɊɂɋɌȺɇɇəɏȼɂɅɂɇɇɈȽɈɌȺɃɆȿɊȺ



ɓɨɛ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɱɚɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɡɪɨɛɿɬɶ

ɨɞɢɧɩɨɜɧɢɣɨɛɟɪɬɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦɿɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶ

ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɧɚɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɢɣɱɚɫɉɿɫɥɹɬɨɝɨɹɤɱɚɫ

ɫɩɥɢɜɟɜɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɨɯɫɟɤɭɧɞɥɭɧɚɬɢɦɟ

ɡɜɭɤɨɜɢɣɫɢɝɧɚɥ



ȺȼɌɈɆȺɌɂɑɇȿȼȱȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɇəɉȱɋɅə

ɁȺɄȱɇɑȿɇɇəȼȱȾɅȱɄɍɌȺɃɆȿɊȺ

ɐɟɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽ ɡɚɞɚɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɢɣ

ɱɚɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɚɤɫ  ɯɜ Ⱦɭɯɨɜɚ

ɲɚɮɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɜɢɦɢɤɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɥɢ

ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣɱɚɫɫɩɥɢɜɚɽ

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪɜɿɞɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɱɚɫɧɚɡɚɞɜɿɞɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟ

ɬɨɞɿɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɜɢɦɢɤɚɽɬɶɫɹ

Ⱦɥɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɨʀ

ɲɚɮɢɫɥɿɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɢɬɚɣɦɟɪɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹ

ɓɨɛ ɧɚɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɬɢɪɨɛɨɱɿ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɢ ɭɩɟɜ

ɧɿɬɶɫɹ ɳɨ ɬɚɣɦɟɪ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɿ©2ª



ȼɋɌȺɇɈȼɅȿɇɇəɉɊȺȼɂɅɖɇɈȽɈɑȺɋɍ



.&/6



ɐɟɣ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣ ɦɚɽ ɦɚɪɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɽɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɶɤɨɸ

ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɸ ȯɋ ɩɪɨ ɜɿɞɯɨɞɢ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ :((( ȼɿɞɯɨɞɢ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɦɿɫɬɹɬɶ

ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɸɸɱɿɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɳɨɦɨɠɭɬɶɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɿ

ɧɚɫɥɿɞɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɬɚ ɛɚɡɨɜɿ

ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢɹɤɿɦɨɠɧɚɡɞɚɜɚɬɢɧɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɭɩɟɪɟɪɨɛɤɭ

ȼɚɠɥɢɜɨɳɨɛɜɿɞɯɨɞɢɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨɬɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ

ɩɪɨɣɲɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɭ ɨɛɪɨɛɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɞɚ ɥɟɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɨʀ

ɭɬɢɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɜɫɿɯɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɸɸɱɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɿɞɥɹɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹɬɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨʀ

ɩɟɪɟɪɨɛɤɢ ɜɫɿɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜ Ʉɨɠɧɚ ɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɥɸɞɢɧɚ ɦɨɠɟ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ

ɫɜɿɣɜɧɟɫɨɤɞɥɹɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹɬɨɝɨɳɨɛɜɿɞɯɨɞɢɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨɬɚ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹɧɟ ɫɬɜɨɪɸɜɚɥɢɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢɞɥɹ ɟɤɨɥɨɝɿʀ

ɞɥɹɰɶɨɝɨɜɚɠɥɢɜɨɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɞɟɹɤɿɨɫɧɨɜɧɿɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ

 ɜɿɞɯɨɞɢ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɧɚ

ɭɬɢɥɿɡɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɹɤɩɨɛɭɬɨɜɿɜɿɞɯɨɞɢ

 ɜɿɞɯɨɞɢ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ

ɡɞɚɜɚɬɢ ɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɦɭ ɩɭɧɤɬɿ ɡɛɨɪɭ ² ɦɭɧɿɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɚɛɨ ɜ

ɡɚɪɟɽɫɬɪɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɿɹɯ ȼ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɤɪɚʀɧɚɯ ɡɛɿɪ ɜɿɞɯɨɞɿɜ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɜɟɥɢɤɢɯ ɪɨɡɦɿɪɿɜ

ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɜɞɨɦɚ

 ɤɨɥɢ ɜɢ ɩɪɢɞɛɚɥɢ ɧɨɜɢɣ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣ ɫɬɚɪɢɣ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɢ

ɪɨɡɞɪɿɛɧɨɦɭɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɭɹɤɟɦɚɽɛɟɡɤɨɲɬɨɜɧɨɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɢɣɨɝɨɜ

ɨɛɦɿɧɹɤɳɨɰɟɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɝɨɬɢɩɭɿɜɢɤɨɧɭɽɬɿɫɚɦɿ

ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɳɨɣɧɨɜɟ

ȿɤɨɧɨɦɿɹɟɧɟɪɝɿʀɬɚɨɯɨɪɨɧɚɞɨɜɤɿɥɥɹ

Ɂɚɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɭɧɢɤɚɣɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɱɚɫɧɨɝɨɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹɩɟɱɿɬɚɡɚɜɠɞɢ

ɫɥɿɞɤɭɣɬɟ ɳɨɛ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɨɧɚ ɛɭɥɚ ɡɚɩɨɜɧɟɧɚ

ɇɚɦɚɝɚɣɬɟɫɹɜɿɞɱɢɧɹɬɢɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚɩɟɱɿɹɤɨɦɨɝɚɪɿɞɲɟɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ

ɜɢɬɨɤɭɬɟɩɥɚɡɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɢɩɟɱɿȾɥɹɡɧɚɱɧɨʀɟɤɨɧɨɦɿʀɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ

ɜɢɦɤɧɿɬɶ ɩɿɱ ɡɚ    ɯɜɢɥɢɧ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɱɚɫɭ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɿ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɬɨɣɡɚɥɢɲɨɤɬɟɩɥɚɹɤɢɣɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɭɽɜɢɪɨɛɥɹɬɢɩɿɱ

ɋɥɿɞɤɭɣɬɟɳɨɛɡɚɬɜɨɪɢɡɚɜɠɞɢɛɭɥɢɱɢɫɬɢɦɢɬɚɫɩɪɚɜɧɢɦɢɳɨɛ

ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ ɜɢɬɨɤɭ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɡ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɢ ɩɟɱɿ əɤɳɨ ɭ ɜɚɫ ɩɨɝɨɞɢɧɧɟ

ɬɚɪɢɮɿɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ  ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɚ ɜɿɞɤɥɚɞɟɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɪɬɭ

ɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɩɪɢɹɽ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿʀ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ

ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɸɱɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɨɜɢɣ ɜɿɞɪɿɡɨɤ ɤɨɥɢ

ɬɚɪɢɮɧɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿɸɽɧɢɠɱɢɦ

ɇɿɤɨɥɢɧɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɿɦɢɣɧɿɡɚɫɨɛɢɞɪɨɬɢɤɢɚɛɨɝɨɫɬɪɿ

ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɢɞɥɹɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɫɤɥɚɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ

ȿɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɡɧɟɪɠɚɜɿɸɱɨʀɫɬɚɥɿɬɚɟɦɚɥɶɨɜɚɧɿɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿɨɱɢɳɭɣɬɟɡɚ

ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɬɟɩɥɨʀ ɦɢɥɶɧɨʀ ɜɨɞɢ ɚɛɨ ɠ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ

ɮɿɪɦɨɜɨʀ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɿʀ ɍ ɠɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɿ

ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɹɤɿ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɩɨɲɤɨɞɢɬɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɸ ɬɚ ɡɿɩɫɭɜɚɬɢ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɿɣ

ɜɢɝɥɹɞ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ȼɚɠɥɢɜɨ ɨɱɢɳɚɬɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɤɨɠɧɨɝɨ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɉɿɞɱɚɫɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɪɨɡɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɣɠɢɪɨɫɿɞɚɽɧɚɫɬɿɧɤɚɯ

ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɿ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɰɟɣ ɠɢɪ ɦɨɠɟ

ɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɧɟɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɣɡɚɩɚɯɚɬɚɤɨɠɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɜɩɥɢɧɭɬɢɧɚɩɪɨɰɟɫ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹȾɥɹɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɝɚɪɹɱɭɜɨɞɭɬɚɦɢɣɧɢɣ

ɡɚɫɿɛɪɟɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɩɨɥɨɫɧɿɬɶ

ɓɨɛ ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɜɫɿ ɦɨɞɟɥɿ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɨɛɥɢɰɶɨɜɚɧɿ

ɤɚɬɚɥɿɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɫɚɦɨɨɱɢɫɧɢɦɢ ɩɚɧɟɥɹɦɢ ɹɤɿ ɩɨɫɬɚɱɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ

ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɹ ɞɢɜ ɪɨɡɞɿɥ ȾɍɏɈȼɄȺ Ɂ ɊȿɀɂɆɈɆ

ɋȺɆɈɈɑɂɓȿɇɇəɌȺɄȺɌȺɅȱɌɂɑɇɂɆɉɈɄɊɂɌɌəɆ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɪɟɲɿɬɨɤ ɿɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɿɸɱɨʀ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɦɢɣɧɿ

ɡɚɫɨɛɢɬɚɦɟɬɚɥɟɜɿɞɪɨɬɢɤɢ

ȼɟɪɯɧɸ ɫɤɥɹɧɭ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɭ ɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚ

ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɧɹɞɥɹɪɨɡɿɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɨɱɢɳɭɜɚɬɢɥɢɲɟɯɨɥɨɞɧɢɦɢ

ɒɤɨɞɚ ɡɚɩɨɞɿɹɧɚ ʀɦ ɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɧɟɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɧɟ

ɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɽɸȾɥɹɡɚɦɿɧɢɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹ

ɜɿɞɿɦɤɧɿɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɜɢɤɪɭɬɿɬɶɥɚɦɩɭɁɚɦɿɧɿɬɶʀʀɿɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɸ

ɥɚɦɩɨɸɹɤɚɜɢɬɪɢɦɭɽɧɚɞɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɜɢɫɨɤɿɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

ɉɟɪɲ ɧɿɠ ɡɚɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ əɤɳɨ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɧɟ

ɩɪɚɰɸɽɦɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɦɨ

ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɢɬɢ ɱɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɞɨ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦ

ɱɢɧɨɦ

əɤɳɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɭɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɿɧɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɜɢɹɜɢɬɢ

ɜɿɞɤɥɸɱɿɬɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɜɿɞ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɧɟ ɬɨɪɤɚɣɬɟɫɹ ʀʀ ɬɚ

ɡɚɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭɣɬɟɜɫɥɭɠɛɭɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɣɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹ

ɉɟɪɲ ɧɿɠ ɡɚɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɡɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɫɟɪɿɣɧɢɣ

ɧɨɦɟɪ ɜɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿ ɡ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɢɦɢ ɞɢɜ ɪɢɫ ɧɚ

ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɣɫɬɨɪɿɧɰɿ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞ ɩɨɫɬɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɣɧɢɦ ɬɚɥɨɧɨɦ ɹɤɢɣ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽ

ɛɟɡɤɨɲɬɨɜɧɢɣɪɟɦɨɧɬɭɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɨɦɭɰɟɧɬɪɿ

ɍȼȺȽȺɩɟɪɲɟɳɨɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ

ɩɿɫɥɹ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɱɢ

ɩɪɢɩɢɧɟɧɧɹɩɨɞɚɱɿɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɟɧɟɪɝɿʀɭ

ɬɚɤɨɦɭɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɞɢɫɩɥɟɣɦɨɪɝɚɬɢɦɟɿ

ɜɿɞɨɛɪɚɠɚɬɢɦɟ  ± ɰɟ

ɧɚɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɢɣ ɱɚɫ ɐɟ

ɦɨɠɧɚɡɪɨɛɢɬɢɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɱɢɧɨɦ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɱɚɫɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɤɧɨɩɨɤɿ

ȼɿɞɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɭɫɿɤɧɨɩɤɢ

ɍȼȺȽȺȾɭɯɨɜɤɚɩɪɚɰɸɜɚɬɢɦɟɥɢɲɟɡɿɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɦɝɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɨɦ

8$

ɋȿɇɋɈɊɇȿ

ɉɊɈȽɊȺɆɍȼȺɇɇə

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ɥɶɲɟɧɧɹɦɩɨɬɭɠɧɨɫɬɿɧɚɭɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɿɿɡɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɢɦɪɟɠɢɦɨɦɝɪɢɥɸ



·

·ɆȺɄɋ

ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɚɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɿɹ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɿɣ ɬɚ ɧɢɠɧɿɣ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɨʀ ɲɚɮɢ ɐɟ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɡɚɩɿ

ɤɚɧɧɹɬɚɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹ ɐɟɣɪɟɠɢɦɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɩɿɞɯɨɞɢɬɶɞɥɹɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹɜɟɥɢɤɢɯɲɦɚɬɤɿɜɦ¶ɹɫɚɬɚ

ɞɢɱɢɧɢɜɢɩɿɤɚɧɧɹɩɟɱɢɜɚɚɛɨɡɚɩɿɤɚɧɧɹɹɛɥɭɤɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹɫɤɨɪɢɧɤɢɿɚɩɟɬɢɬɧɨɝɨɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ

ɜɢɝɥɹɞɭɫɬɪɚɜ



·

·ɆȺɄɋ

ɉɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹʀɠɿɡɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹɜɟɪɯɧɿɣɬɚɧɢɠɧɿɣɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɡɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦɞɥɹɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɿʀ

ɩɨɜɿɬɪɹɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɊɚɞɢɦɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɰɟɣɦɟɬɨɞɞɥɹɩɬɢɰɿɤɨɧɞɢɬɟɪɫɶ

ɤɢɯɜɢɪɨɛɿɜɪɢɛɢɬɚɨɜɨɱɿɜɌɟɩɥɨɤɪɚɳɟɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɽɜɫɬɪɚɜɢɡɧɢɠɭɽɬɶɫɹɱɚɫɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɚ

ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɝɨɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹȼɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɧɨɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢɪɿɡɧɿɫɬɪɚɜɢɡɨɞɧɚɤɨɜɢɦɚɛɨɪɿɡɧɢɦ

ɱɚɫɨɦ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦɭɚɛɨ ɪɿɡɧɢɯɪɿɜɧɹɯ Ɇɟɬɨɞɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽɪɿɜɧɨɦɿɪ

ɧɢɣ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɡɚɩɚɯɢ ɧɟ ɡɦɿɲɭɸɬɶɫɹ əɤɳɨ ɝɨɬɭɽɬɟ ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚ ɫɬɪɚɜ ɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɧɨ ɫɥɿɞ

ɡɛɿɥɶɲɢɬɢɱɚɫɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɧɨɧɚɯɜɢɥɢɧ





·



ɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚɡɦɟɧɲɭɽɬɶɫɹɰɹɮɭɧɤɰɿɹɩɿɞɜɢɳɭɽɜɦɿɫɬɩɚɪɢɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿɞɭɯɨɜɨʀɲɚɮɢɁɛɿɥɶɲɟɧɧɹ

ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿɩɚɪɢɫɬɜɨɪɸɽɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɿɭɦɨɜɢɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɫɬɪɚɜɹɤɿɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɬɢɟɥɚɫɬɢ

ɱɧɭ ɤɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɿɸ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɩɢɪɿɠɤɢ ɯɥɿɛ ɩɟɱɢɜɨ ɳɨɛ ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ

ɬɪɿɳɢɧɧɚɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ





·

·ɆȺɄɋ

ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɩɥɸɫɧɢɠɧɿɣɟɥɟɦɟɧɬ

ɐɹɮɭɧɤɰɿɹɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɩɿɞɯɨɞɢɬɶɞɥɹɞɟɥɿɤɚɬɧɢɯɫɬɪɚɜɬɨɪɬɫɭɮɥɟ



Ɋɿɜɟɧɶ

·

·ɆȺɄɋ

ȽɊɂɅɖɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɝɪɢɥɶɿɡɡɚɱɢɧɟɧɢɦɢɞɜɟɪɰɹɬɚɦɢ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɬɿɥɶɤɢɜɟɪɯɧɿɣɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɥɶɧɢɣɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɬɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ

Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɳɨɛ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ ɧɚɝɪɿɥɢɫɹ ɞɨ ɱɟɪɜɨɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɨɪɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɩ¶ɹɬɶ ɯɜɢɥɢɧ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞ

ɧɶɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ ɍɫɩɿɯ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɨɜɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɪɚɜ ɝɪɢɥɶ ɤɟɛɚɛɿɜ ɬɚ ɝɪɚɬɟɧɿɜ Ȼɿɥɟ ɦ¶ɹɫɨ ɫɥɿɞ

ɪɨɡɬɚɲɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɧɚɜɿɞɫɬɚɧɿɜɿɞɝɪɢɥɸɱɚɫɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɞɨɜɲɢɣɚɥɟɦ¶ɹɫɨɛɭɞɟɫɦɚɱɧɿɲɢɦ

ɑɟɪɜɨɧɟɦ¶ɹɫɨɬɚɮɿɥɟɪɢɛɢɦɨɠɧɚɭɤɥɚɞɚɬɢɧɚɨɞɢɧɪɿɜɟɧɶɿɫɬɚɜɢɬɢɜɧɢɡɭɩɿɞɞɨɧ



Ɋɿɜɟɧɶ

·

·ɆȺɄɋ

ɋɍɉȿɊȽɊɂɅɖɞɭɯɨɜɚɲɚɮɚɦɚɽɞɜɚɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹɝɪɢɥɸ

Ƚɪɢɥɶȼɬ ɋɍɉȿɊȽɊɂɅɖȼɬ





·

·

ȽɊɂɅɖ Ɂ ȼȿɇɌɂɅəɌɈɊɈɆ D ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɬɭɪɛɨɝɪɢɥɶ ɿɡ ɡɚɱɢɧɟɧɢɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɹ

ɬɚɦɢ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɜɟɪɯɧɿɣɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɥɶɧɢɣɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɡɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦɩɨɜɿɬɪɹɰɢɪɤɭɥɸɽɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɿ

ɞɭɯɨɜɨʀ ɲɚɮɢ ɉɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɽ ɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɱɟɪɜɨɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɛɿɥɨɝɨ ɦ¶ɹɫɚ

ȱɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɩɿɞɯɨɞɢɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɨɜɫɬɢɯɲɦɚɬɤɿɜɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɿɜɰɿɥɢɯɲɦɚɬɤɿɜ²ɡɚɩɿɤɚɧɧɹ

ɫɜɢɧɢɧɢɩɬɢɰɿɬɚɿɧɋɬɚɜɢɬɢɫɬɪɚɜɢɜɝɪɢɥɶɛɟɡɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɧɚɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭɪɟɲɿɬɤɢɧɚɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣ

ɪɿɜɟɧɶ Ɂɫɭɧɭɬɢ ɩɿɞɞɨɧ ɩɿɞ ɪɟɲɿɬɤɭ ɳɨɛ ɡɿɛɪɚɬɢ ɫɿɤ ɍɩɟɜɧɿɬɶɫɹ ɳɨ ɫɬɪɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ

ɧɚɞɬɨɛɥɢɡɶɤɨɞɨɝɪɢɥɸɉɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɫɬɪɚɜɭɤɨɥɢɫɩɥɢɧɟɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚɱɚɫɭɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ



Ɋɿɜɟɧɶ

·

·

Ƚɪɢɥɶɪɨɠɟɧ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɞɥɹɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹɧɚɪɨɠɧɿ





·ɆȺɄɋ

ɐɹɮɭɧɤɰɿɹɡɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɿɽɸ ɝɚɪɹɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɿɬɪɹɜɞɭɯɨɜɿɣ ɲɚɮɿɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽ ɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɢɣɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ

ɞɥɹɬɚɤɢɯɫɬɪɚɜɹɤɩɿɰɚɚɛɨɮɨɤɚɱɱɨ





·

·

ɠɢɪɭɚɛɨɨɥɿʀɁɚɜɞɹɤɢɝɪɢɥɸɬɚɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɭɭɤɨɦɛɿɧɚɰɿʀɡɿɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɸɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɿɽɸɩɨɜɿɬɪɹ

ɜɨɥɨɝɚ ɡɚɬɪɢɦɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɜɚɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹ ɡɚɩɿɤɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɿ ɿ ɱɚɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɡɦɟɧɲɭ

ɽɬɶɫɹɛɟɡɩɨɝɿɪɲɟɧɧɹɫɦɚɤɭ

ɐɟ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨ ɡɪɭɱɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɦ¶ɹɫɚ ɫɦɚɠɟɧɢɯ ɨɜɨɱɿɜ ɬɚ ɨɦɥɟɬɿɜ ȱɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɢɣ ɰɢɤɥ

ɩɨɜɿɬɪɹ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɽ ɜɨɥɨɝɭ ɜ ɞɭɯɨɜɿɣ ɲɚɮɿ ɜɦɿɫɬ ɜɨɥɨɝɢ ɜ ʀɠɿ ɧɟ ɡɧɢɠɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɜɞɹɤɢ ɰɶɨɦɭ

ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹɯɚɪɱɨɜɚɰɿɧɧɿɫɬɶɿɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽɬɶɫɹɲɜɢɞɤɢɣɪɿɜɧɨɦɿɪɧɢɣɩɪɨɰɟɫɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ

ɋɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟɜɫɿɫɜɨʀɪɟɰɟɩɬɢɡɧɢɠɭɣɬɟɱɚɫɨɛɪɨɛɤɢɜɿɞɱɭɣɬɟɥɟɝɤɿɫɬɶɰɿɽʀɧɨɜɨʀɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ



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ȻȽ

ȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɧɟɧɟɫɟɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɡɚɧɟɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɿɳɨɜɢɧɢɤɚɸɬɶɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤɞɪɭɤɚɪɫɶɤɢɯɩɨɦɢɥɨɤɱɢɩɨɦɢɥɨɤɪɨɡɩɿɡɧɚɜɚɧɧɹɫɢɦɜɨɥɿɜɹɤɿɽɜɰɿɣ

ɛɪɨɲɭɪɿɆɢɡɚɥɢɲɚɽɦɨɡɚɫɨɛɨɸɩɪɚɜɨɜɧɨɫɢɬɢɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɡɦɿɧɢɭɜɢɪɨɛɢɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɱɢɡɦɿɧɢɳɨɫɬɨɫɭɸɬɶɫɹɿɧɬɟɪɟɫɿɜɫɩɨɠɢɜɚɱɿɜɛɟɡɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɧɹ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɛɟɡɩɟɤɢɚɛɨɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ

Candy FCP625WXL Ovens

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