CoreSX1262-xF
RPI, SPI, UART, I2C
Core1262-868M
Overview
Introduction
Core1262-868M is a LoRa core module that incorporates a new-
generation SX1262 chip. It is mini and features long-range
transmission and high anti-interference capability. The module uses the Sub-GHz band, and
combined with the LoRa gateway, it can be connected to servers like the TTN server to
build the LoRa network.
Note:
1. The product's original name is Core1262-868M, later renamed as Core1262-HF,
suitable for 850~930MHz frequency band.
2. Add Core1262-LF, suitable for 410~490MHz frequency band.
Features
The new generation SX1262 has higher power efficiency and longer transmission
distance than the SX1278.
Suitable for Sub-GHz band, combined with the gateway, quick connect to cloud servers
to build LoRa/LoRaWAN network.
Suitable for the application scenarios such as industry, smart home, and data acquisition.
Adopts high-quality components such as TCXO for working stably under harsh
conditions.
Comes with development resources and manual (examples for Raspberry Pi
Pico/STM32).
Parameter
Electric Parameter
RF Chip SX1262
Operating Frequency
Sub-GHz:
Core1262-LF: 410~490MHz
Core1262-HF:850~930MHz
Modulation LoRa/(G)FSK
Operating Voltage 3.3V
Module Current
Emitting current
：
45mA@14dBm
Receiving current
：
5.3mA@125KHz
Communication Bus SPI
Operating Temperature -40 ~ 85
℃
Dimensions 19.00 × 22.00mm
Version Selection
Pinout Definition
The ANT pin is an antenna pin, which can be connected to an antenna stand such as
SMA when mounting the bottom board.
CS MOSI MISO CLK is the SPI interface of SX1262, and BUSY is the status pin of
SX1262.
Use MCU's SPI bus to communicate with Core1262-xF. When MCU reads and
writes SX1262 registers, it needs to read and write parameters in the order of
Opcode + Address + Data. For more information, please refer to chapters 8, 10,
11, and 12 of
the datasheet . The maximum SPI speed is 18MHz. The
communication is shown in the figure below.
When the MCU reads and writes the SX1262 register, it needs to detect the BUSY
pin first. The low level indicates that it is idle and can be read and written
normally, and the high level indicates that it is busy and cannot read and write
the register, as shown in the figure below.
RESET is the factory reset pin of SX1262, pull it low for 100us to restore the default
parameters of the register, and keep a high level when working.
RXEN, TXEN are RF single-pole switch (SPDT ) pins, RXEN low level, TXE high level,
SX1262 is in receiving mode, RXEN high level, TXEN low level, SX1262 is in transmitting
mode.
DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3 are SX1262 functional GPIO pins, which can be set as input and
output to indicate various states of SX1262 (8.5 IRQ Handling in the figure below),
usually, DIO1 is set as an interrupt output in the state shown in the figure below, and
DIO2 is connected to RXEN Set as the control pin of the RF single-pole switch, DIO3 is
set to supply power to the TCXO, for details, please refer to
Datasheet 8.3.2, 8.5
summary.
Dimensions
LoRa & LoRaWAN
What is LoRa ?
Semtech 's LoRa is a long-distance, low-power wireless platform for the Internet of Things
(IoT), which generally refers to radio frequency chips using LoRa technology. The main
features are as follows
：
The spread spectrum modulation technology adopted by LoRa (abbreviation of long
range) is derived from Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) technology, which is one of the
long-distance wireless transmission technology and LPWAN communication technology.
Spread spectrum technology uses bandwidth for sensitivity technology, Wi-Fi, ZigBee,
etc. all use spread spectrum technology, but the characteristic of LoRa modulation is that
it is close to the limit of Shannon's theorem, and the sensitivity can be improved with
maximum efficiency. Compared with traditional FSK technology, at the same
communication rate, LoRa is more sensitive than FSK by 8 ~12dBm. At present, LoRa
mainly operates in the ISM frequency band of Sub-GHz.
LoRa technology integrates technologies such as digital spread spectrum, digital signal
processing, and forward error correction coding, which greatly improves the
performance of long-distance communication. LoRa's link budget is better than any
other standardized communication technology. The main factors that determine the
distance in a given environment.
LoRa RF chips mainly include SX127X series, SX126X series, SX130X series, of which
SX127X, SX126X series are used for LoRa nodes, and SX130X is used for LoRa
gateways. For details, please refer to
Semtech 's product list.
What is LoRaWAN ?
LoRaWAN is an open protocol for low-power wide-area networks built on LoRa radio
modulation technology. Designed to wirelessly connect battery-powered "things" to the
Internet in regional, national, or global networks, and target critical Internet of Things
(IoT) requirements such as two-way directional communication, end-to-end security,
mobility, and localized services. The node wirelessly connects to the Internet with
network access authentication, which is equivalent to establishing an encrypted
communication channel between the node and the server. The LoRaWAN protocol level
is shown in the figure below.
The Class A/B/C node devices in the MAC layer basically cover all the application
scenarios of the Internet of Things. The difference among them is that the time
slots for nodes to send and receive are different.
EU868 and AS430 in the Modulation layer show that frequency band parameters
are different in different countries. Please click the reference
link for regional
parameters.
To achieve LoRaWAN network coverage in cities or other areas, it needs to be composed
of four parts: node (LoRa node radio frequency chip), gateway (or base station, LoRa
gateway radio frequency chip), server, and cloud, as shown in the following figure.
The DEVICE (node device) needs to initiate a network access request packet to
the GATEWAY (gateway) and then to the server. After the authentication is
passed, it can send and receive application data with the server normally.
GATEWAY (gateway) can communicate with the server through a wired network,
3/4/5G wireless network
The main operators on the server side are TTN , etc. For building cloud services
by yourself, please refer to lorawan-stack , chirpstack
There are two methods for Raspberry Pico and Pico-LoRa-SX1262 to connect to the
network via LoRaWAN: OTAA (Over-The-Air-Activation) and ABP (Activation By
Personalization). Here we use OTAA, as shown below. Also you can refer to
link 1 , link
2 and source code .
Step 1: Please send the "Join-Request" message to the network to be added, and note
that the adding process is always initiated by the end device. The join-Request message
can be transmitted at any rate and in one of the region-specific join channels. For
example: in Europe, the end device can send the join-Request message at 868.10 MHz,
868.30MHz, or 838.50MHz. Also, the message can send to the network server by one or
more gateway. In addition, you need to pay attention to choosing the applicable
frequency band according to the local radio management regulations. You can refer to
link and LoRa Alliance for the frequency distribution table. The Join-Request
message is combined by the following field, AppEUI, and DevEUI are generated by the
server end.
AppEUI: A 64-bit globally unique application identifier in the IEEE EUI64 address
space that uniquely identifies an entity capable of processing Join-Request
frames.
DevEUI: A 64-bit globally unique device identifier that uniquely identifies an end
device in the IEEE EUI64 address space.
DevNonce: A unique random 2-byte value generated by the end device. The web
server uses each end device's DevNonce to keep track of their join requests. If
the end device sends a join request with the previously used DevNonce (this case
is called a replay attack), the network server will reject the join request and will
not allow the end device to register with the network.
Step 2: The web server handles the Join-Request-Message. If the end device is allowed
to join the network, the web server will generate two session keys (NwkSKey and
AppSKey) and the Join-accept message. The Join-accept message itself is then
encrypted using AppKey. The web server uses AES decryption operation in ECB mode to
encrypt Join-accept messages.
Step 3: The network server sends the encrypted join to accept the message back to the
end device as a normal downlink.
Step 4: The end device uses AES to decrypt Join-Accept. And uses AppKey and
AppNonce to generate two session keys NwkSKey and AppSKey for subsequent
communication with the Networking server. Network Server also saves kSKey, Join server
distributes AppSKey to Application Server.
The DevEUI and AppEUI parameters used as terminal devices to access the Internet
need to be registered and generated by the server. The specific process is as follows:
Register an account in TTS and log in. Create an Application.
Add an End Device
Configure the End Device as in the picture. Please save the DevEUI and the
AppKey for further use.
Application
LoRa devices and networks such as LoRaWAN enable smart IoT applications to help solve
the planet's formidable challenges in energy management, natural resource reduction,
pollution control, infrastructure efficiency, disaster prevention, and more. Semtech's LoRa
devices have achieved hundreds of successful use cases in smart cities, homes and
buildings, communities, metrology, supply chain, and logistics, agriculture, and more. LoRa
networks have covered hundreds of millions of devices in more than 100 countries and are
committed to a smarter planet.
This product test is based on TTS (The THINGS STACK) and Semtech SX1302 official
library , if users build their own cloud server, please click to refer to lorawan-stack ,
chirpstack .
Resource
Document
Schematic diagram
Demo Example
Demo
Github
Datasheet
SX1261-2
TTS Document Link
LoRaWAN Document Link
RTC6603SP-RichWave
Support
If you require technical support, please go to the page and open a ticket.
To Top
Overview
Introduction
Features
Parameter
Version Selection
Pinout Definition
Dimensions
LoRa & LoRaWAN
What is LoRa ?
What is LoRaWAN ?
Application
Resource
Document
Demo Example
Datasheet
Support
