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19
(AC, DC, battery) to operate. The crossover in a typical
loudspeaker is of the passive variety. Passive crossovers
consist of capacitors, inductors and resistors.
Phase. The amount by which one sine wave leads
or lags a second wave of the same frequency. The
difference is described by the term phase angle. Sine
waves in phase reinforce each other; those out of
phase cancel.
Pink noise. A random noise used in
measurements, as it has the same amount of energy
in each octave.
Polarity. The condition of being positive or negative
with respect to some reference point or object.
RMS. Abbreviation for root mean square. The
effective value of a given waveform is its RMS value.
Acoustic power is proportional to the square of the
RMS sound pressure.
Resistance. That property of a conductor by which
it opposes the flow of electric current, resulting in the
generation of heat in the conducting material, usually
expressed in ohms
Resistor. A device used in a circuit to provide
resistance.
Resonance. The effect produced when the natural
vibration frequency of a body is greatly amplified by
reinforcing vibrations at the same or nearly the same
frequency from another body.
Sensitivity. The volume of sound delivered for a
given electrical input.
Stator. The fixed part forming the reference for the
moving diaphragm in a planar speaker.
THD. The abbreviation for total harmonic distortion.
(See Distortion)
TIM. The abbreviation for transient intermodulation
distortion.
Transducer. Any of various devices that transmit
energy from one system to another, sometimes
one that converts the energy in form. Loudspeaker
transducers convert electrical energy into mechanical
motion.
Transient. Applies to that which lasts or stays but a
short time. A change from one steady-state condition
to another.
Tweeter. A small drive unit designed to reproduce
only high frequencies.
Wavelength. The distance measured in the
direction of progression of a wave, from any given
point characterized by the same phase.
White noise. A random noise used in
measurements, as it has the same amount of energy
at each frequency.
Woofer. A drive unit operating in the bass
frequencies only. Drive units in two-way systems are
not true woofers but are more accurately described
as being mid/bass drivers.
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