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6
Its magnetic properties allow it to concentrate radio signals for reception. At
lower frequencies the antenna acts like an ordinary wire.
The
PNP (Q1) and NPN (Q2) transistors are components that use a small
electric current to control a large current, and are used in switching, amplier,
and buffering applications. They are easy to miniaturize, and are the main
building blocks of integrated circuits including the microprocessor and
memory circuits in computers. Projects #65-66 demonstrate their properties.
A high current may damage a transistor, so the current must be limited by
other components in the circuit.
Some types of electronic components can be super-miniaturized, allowing
many thousands of parts to t into an area smaller that your ngernail. These
“integrated circuits” (ICs) are used in everything from simple electronic toys
to the most advanced computers. The music, alarm, and space war ICs (U1,
U2, and U3) in Snap Circuits
®
are actually modules containing specialized
sound-generation ICs and other supporting components (resistors,
capacitors, and transistors) that are always needed with them. This was done
to simplify the connections you need to make to use them. The descriptions
for these modules are given here for those interested, see the projects for
connection examples:
The
power amplier IC (U4) is a module containing an integrated circuit
amplier and supporting components that are always needed with it. A
description of it is given here for those interested:
The
high frequency IC (U5) is a specialized amplier used only in high
frequency radio circuits. A description of it is given here for those interested:
About Your Snap Circuits
®
Parts
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
U5
INP INP(–)
OUT
High Frequency IC:
INP - input connection (2 points are same)
OUT - output connection
(–) power return to batteries
See project #52 for example of connections.
SPACE WAR IC
U3
IN1
(+)
OUT
IN2
(–)
Space War IC:
(+) - power from batteries
(–) - power return to batteries
OUT - output connection
IN1, IN2 - control inputs
Connect each control input to (–)
power to sequence through 8 sounds.
U1
MUSIC IC
(+)
HLD
OUT
(–)
TRG
Music IC:
(+) - power from batteries
(–) - power return to batteries
OUT - output connection
HLD - hold control input
TRG - trigger control input
Music for a few seconds on power-up, then hold HLD to
(+) power or touch TRG to (+) power to resume music.
U2
ALARM IC
IN1
(–)
IN2
IN3
OUT
Alarm IC:
IN1, IN2, IN3 - control inputs
(–) - power return to batteries
OUT - output connection
Connect control inputs to (+) power to make ve
alarm sounds, see project 14 for congurations.
U4
AMPLIFIER IC
INP
FIL
(+)
OUT
(–)
Power Amplier IC:
(+) - power from batteries
(–) - power return to batteries
FIL - ltered power from batteries
INP - input connection
OUT - output connection
See project #52 for example of connections.
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