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Clear, glass-smooth finishes(especially on soft-woods) can
be obtained by using a block plane set to take a fine shaving,
The tool rest should be raised up approximately to the top of
the workpiece -- and the plane should be horizontal, but
turned stightly in the direction of travel so that it will take a
shearing cut, Two tool rests, one in front and the other
behind the work, can be used to advantage in positioning
the plane so as to exactly l imitt he depth of cut (and fin ished
size of the workpiece),
USING WOOD RASPS AND FILES
A wood rasp will remove stock quickly when hetd against
the revolving workpiece. Care should be taken to support
the rasp firmly against the tool rest, however, as it can tear
the hands painfully if caught by a rough edge of the
workpiece and kicked back. The rasp will leave a very rough
finish.
Finer finishes(similar to those produced by scraping) can be
obtained by using files in the same manner. Various shape
files can be used for shaping vees, beads, coves, etc. If
pressed into the wood toohard, however, afile can burn the
workpiece surface. Keep the file clean to keep it cutting
uniformly. Files work best on hardwoods.
HAND POSITIONS
WARNING: Keep firm hold and control of the turning
tool at all times. Avoid awkward hand positions where a
sudden stip could cause a hand to move into the
workpiece.
In handling allof the chisels the handle hand takes a natural
position, being nearer or farther from the end depending
upon the amount of leverage required. The position of the
toot rest hand is a'matter of individual liking; but there are
three genera!ly accepted positions, each best for certain
types of operations.
ROUGHING OFF
I
Roughing-offand other heavywork requires a firm grip and
solid positioning of the chisel against the rest. This is best
obtained by the tool-rest hand position illustrated. The wrist
isdropped down sothat the heel of the hand below the tittle
finger acts as a sliding guide against the rest. The handle
hand controls chisel position.
19
FINISH CUTTING
Finish cutting requires more control with less force -- and
is better done with the palm of the tool-rest hand turned up,
The wrist is still held down, and the side of the index finger
acts as a gu ide along the rest. In this position, controt of the
chisel is shared by both hands, the fingers of the tool-rest
hand being free to assist in positioning the tool.
IN TRICA TE CUTTING
Intricate, delicate cutting requires extreme control, with
practically no force. This is best accomplished by guiding
the chisel with the fingers of the tool-rest hand. The hand is
held palm up, with the wrist high -- with the little finger
placed against the rest to steady the hand, The chisel does
not touch the rest; and the handle hand is completely
secondary to the tool-rest hand.
The first and second positions are equally good for scraping
operations; but the third position is practically never used
for scraping,
CUTTING
TO DEPTH
Many scraping operations and cutting to depth with the
parting toot can be done with one hand The chiset is
grasped firmly, with the index finger on top to press it dowr_
against the rest -- and is thrust straight into the work
Holding the toot thus leaves the other hand free to hold a
pattern, calipers, etc.. to check work progress
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