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User’s GUide — 57
aPPEndix d – Constants
For material surface roughness, we use the following:
Material
PVC
Copper
Steel (low carbon)
Stainless Steel (austenitic)
Brass
Aluminum
Cast Iron
15.6
4.9
221
49.2
4.9
4.9
850
e (x 10
-6
ft)
Roughness Factor
For water properties:
Viscosity = 0.001 Pascal-seconds
Density = 1000 kg/m³
Depending upon ow type and Reynolds Number value, we use
one of the following methods for computing Pressure Loss:
1) Laminar Flow method (if Reynolds Number < 3,000)
2) Smooth Pipe method (if Reynolds Number > 3,000 and
Boundary Layer Thickness < Pipe Roughness)
3) Prandtl equation method (if Reynolds Number < 100,000
and Pipe Roughness > Boundary Layer Thickness)
4) Karman Equation method (all other conditions)
aPPEndix E – Care Instructions
Please follow the guidelines listed in this section for proper care
and operation of your calculator. Not following the instructions
listed below may result in damage not covered by your
warranty. Refer to the Repair and Return section on page 62 for
more details.
Do not expose calculator to temperatures outside the
operating temperature range of 32ºF – 104ºF (0ºC – 40ºC).
Do not expose calculator to high moisture such as
submersion in water, heavy rain, etc.
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