Loading ...
Loading ...
Loading ...
$N VSRWUHELþ QLH MH Y\EDYHQê HOHNWULFNêP QDSiMDFtP NiEORP D
]iVWUþNRX DOHER LQêP ]DULDGHQtP QD RGSRMHQLH RG HOHNWULFNHM
QDSiMDFHM VLHWH V RGGHĐRYDFtP NRQWDNWRP YãHWNêFK SyORY NWRUp
SRVN\WXM~ ~SOQp RGSRMHQLH Y SRGPLHQNDFK SUHSlWLD NDWHJyULH ,,,
SRN\Q\PXVLDXYiG]DĢYHOHNWULFNRPRNUXKXPXVLDE\ĢQDLQãWDORYDQp
]DULDGHQLDQDRGSRMHQLHYV~ODGHVHOHNWULFNêPLQRUPDPLR]DSiMDQt
VSRWUHELþRY
32.<1<35(35$&291Ë.$9<.21È9$-Ò&(+2,1â7$/È&,8
9DUQi GRVND VD Gi QDLQãWDORYDĢ GR NDåGHM SUDFRYQHM GRVN\ NWRUi
RGROiYDWHSOXSRWHSORWX&DPiKU~ENX±PP5R]PHU\
YêUH]XNWRUêWUHEDY\UH]DĢGRSUDFRYQHMGRVN\V~QDREUi]NX
$NMHYDUQiGRVNDXSHYQHQiQDQLHNWRUHMVWUDQHYHGĐDNXFK\QVNHM
VNULQN\Y]GLDOHQRVĢPHG]LYDUQRXGRVNRXDVNULQNRXPXVtE\ĢDVSRĖ
FP FP DOHER FP FP SR]UL REUi]RN ]DWLDĐ þR
Y]GLDOHQRVĢPHG]LYDUQRXGRVNRXD]DGQRXVWHQRXPXVtE\ĢDVSRĖ
FP
9]GLDOHQRVĢ PHG]L YDUQRX GRVNRX D LQRX MHGQRWNRX DOHER
VSRWUHELþRPQDĖRXQDSURGViYDþSiUQHVPLHE\ĢPHQHMDNRFP
REUi]RN
3RNLDĐ MH PHG]L ]DEXGRYDQRX YDUQRX GRVNRX D VNULQNRX SRG ĖRX
SUtVWXSQê SULHVWRU YORåWH SRG YDUQ~ GRVNX SODWĖX ] L]RODþQpKR
PDWHULiOX]GUHYDDOHER]SRGREQpKRPDWHULiOXREUi]RN
.RYRYp SUHGPHW\ Y ]iVXYNH P{åX Y G{VOHGNX UHFLUNXOiFLH
Y]GXFKXGRVLDKQXĢY\VRNpWHSORW\3UHWRVDRGSRU~þDSRXåtYDĢ
PHG]LĐDKOêGUHYHQêSDQHO
'{OHåLWp ,OXVWUiFLD QD REUi]NX ]REUD]XMH VS{VRE DSOLNiFLH
WHVQLDFHKRSUtSUDYNX
9DUQiGRVNDMHXSHYQHQiGRGDQêPLXSHYĖRYDFtPLVYRUNDPLNWRUpVD
PRQWXM~GRRWYRURYQD]iNODGQLMHGQRWN\
$NMHQDGVSRUiNRPXPLHVWQHQiYDUQiGRVNDFPRGSRU~þDVDDE\
VDYQiE\WNXY\WYRULOLRWYRU\QD]DLVWHQLHVSUiYQHMFLUNXOiFLHY]GXFKX
9HĐNRVĢRWYRURYPXVtE\ĢDVSRĖFPDPXVLDE\ĢXPLHVWQHQpDNR
QDREUi]NX
3ULXSHYĖRYDQtFPDOHERFPYDUQHMGRVN\QDGU~UXPXVtE\Ģ
U~UDY\EDYHQiFKODGHQtPVYHQWLOiWRURP
(/(.75,&.e=$32-(1,(
/(135(632-(1e.5Èď296792
9DURYDQLH±VSRWUHELþPXVtE\ĢX]HPQHQê
7RWR]DULDGHQLHMHXUþHQpOHQQDSRXåtYDQLHYGRPiFQRVWL=DSRMHQLH
GRHOHNWULFNHMVLHWHPXVtXURELĢNYDOLILNRYDQêHOHNWULNiUNWRUê]DLVWtåH
EXG~GRGUåDQpYãHWN\SODWQpSUHGSLV\
6SRWUHELþVDVPLHSULSRMLĢLEDYRYKRGQRPSUtVWXSRYRPPLHVWH
NROtNRYi DPS ]iVWUþND]iVXYND QLH MH YKRGQi 0XVt VD SRXåLĢ
GYRMSyORYê VStQDþ D REYRG PXVt PDĢ YKRGQ~ RFKUDQX SRLVWNRX
ĆDOãLHGHWDLO\RSRåLDGDYNiFKQDHOHNWULFNpQDSiMDQLHMHGQRWOLYêFK
YêURENRY QiMGHWH Y QiYRGH QD SRXåLWLH D QD YêUREQRP ãWtWNX
VSRWUHELþD9SUtSDGH]DEXGRYDQLDYêURENXE\VWHPRKOLSRWUHERYDĢ
GOKãtNiEHODNRMHGRGDQêSULþRPPXVtWHSRXåLĢYKRGQêW\SRGROQê
WHSOX
(OHNWULFNp NiEOH VSRWUHELþD WUHED ]DSRMLĢ N HOHNWULFNHM VLHWL
QDVOHGXM~FLPVS{VRERP
35,32-7( .8.21&29.(68=(01(1Ë0
=HOHQRåOWêYRGLþ 8]HPQHQLH
+QHGêYRGLþ 9RGLþSRGQDSlWtP
3R]QiPND 1HRGSRU~þDPH SRXåtYDĢ ]DULDGHQLH QD UR]SW\O
]YRGRYêFK SU~GRY VR VSRWUHELþPL QD YDUHQLH QDLQãWDORYDQêPL Y
,1â7$/È&,$'20È&(+263275(%,ý$0Ðä(%<ġ9(ď0,=/2ä,7È$$.6$1(9<.21È635È91(0Ðä(9Èä1(2+52=,ġ%(=3(ý126ġ
63275(%,7(ď$35(72%<7Ò72Ò/2+80$/$9<.21$ġ2'%251(63Ð62%,/È262%$.725È-89<.21È96Ò/$'(63/$71é0,
7(&+1,&.é0,35('3,60,$.1$35,(.7208722'325Òý$1,89<.21È,1â7$/È&,81(.9$/,),.29$1È262%$9é52%&$2'0,(7$
$.Ò.2ď9(.=2'329('126ġ=$7(&+1,&.e3258&+<%(=2+ď$'81$72ý,63Ð62%Ëâ.2'81$0$-(7.8$/(%2=5$1(1,(
26Ð%
=$%8'29$1,(
9+2'1e80,(671(1,(
6NRQWUROXMWH ~GDMH QD YêUREQRP ãWtWNX NWRUê VD QDFKiG]D QD
YRQNDMãHMVWUDQHMHGQRWN\DE\VD]DLVWLORåH QDSiMDFLH D YVWXSQp
QDSlWLHMHYKRGQpSUHVSRWUHELþ
3UHG]DSRMHQtPVNRQWUROXMWHV\VWpPX]HPQHQLD
3RGĐD SODWQêFK SUHGSLVRY PXVt E\Ģ VSRWUHELþ X]HPQHQê$N WHQWR
SUHGSLVQLHMHVSOQHQêYêUREFDQHEXGH]RGSRYHGDĢ]DåLDGQ\RVREQê
~UD]DQLãNRGXQDPDMHWNX$N]iVWUþNDHãWHQLHMHQDLQãWDORYDQi
QDLQãWDOXMWH]iVWUþNXYKRGQ~SUH]DĢDåHQLHXYHGHQpQDYêUREQRP
ãWtWNX9RGLþX]HPQHQLDPiåOWR]HOHQ~IDUEX=iVWUþNDPXVtE\ĢYåG\
SUtVWXSQi
.Hć MH YDUQi GRVND SULSRMHQi SULDPR N HOHNWULFNHM VLHWL PXVtWH
QDLQãWDORYDĢVWêNDþNWRUêSUHUXãtHOHNWULFNêREYRG
$N MH HOHNWULFNê QDSiMDFt NiEHO SRãNRGHQê PXVt KR Y\PHQLĢ
NYDOLILNRYDQêWHFKQLNDE\VDSUHGLãORSRWHQFLiOQHPXUL]LNX
9RGLþX]HPQHQLD]HOHQRåOWHMIDUE\PXVtE\ĢDVSRĖRPPGOKãt
DNRYRGLþHSRGQDSlWtPDQHXWUiOQ\YRGLþ
3ULHUH]SRXåLWpKRYRGLþDPXVtE\ĢYKRGQêY]KĐDGRPQDSUtNRQYDUQHM
GRVN\
6NRQWUROXMWH YêUREQê ãWtWRN NGH QiMGHWH GHWDLO\ R HOHNWULFNRP
QDSiMDQt D XLVWLWH VD åH HOHNWULFNê QDSiMDFt NiEHO PXVt E\Ģ W\SX
[PPð+**)SUHYDUQpGRVN\FPDOHER+99
)SUHYDUQpGRVN\FP
)È=$
8=(01(1,(
1(875È/
/
1
1DSiMDFt
NiEHO
+QHGêYRGLþ
=HOHQRåOWêYRGLþ
1DSiMDFtNiEHO
(OHNWULFNp
QDSiMDQLH
3/<129È35Ë32-.$
7LHWR SRN\Q\V~ SUH NYDOLILNRYDQpKR SUDFRYQtND SULþRPVD PXVLD
GRGUåDĢSUtVOXãQpSODWQpYQ~WURãWiWQHQRUP\
,ED SUH 6SRMHQp NUiĐRYVWYR SRGĐD SODWQêFK SUHGSLVRY PXVt
SO\QRY~ SUtSRMNX?XYHGHQLH VSRWUHELþD GR SUHYiG]N\ PXVt
Y\NRQDĢSO\QiUHQVNêWHFKQLNSRGĐDSODWQêFKQRULHP
9ãHWN\SUiFHVDPXVLDXURELĢNêPMHRGSRMHQpHOHNWULFNpQDSiMDQLH
1DãWtWNXVWHFKQLFNêPL~GDMPLQDYDUQHMGRVNHMHXYHGHQêW\SSO\QX
SUHNWRUêMHYDUQiGRVNDXUþHQi=DSRMHQLHNUR]YRGXSO\QXDOHERN
SO\QRYHMWODNRYHMQiGREHVDVPLHXURELĢDåSRVNRQWURORYDQtþLMH
YDUQiGRVNDQDVWDYHQiSUHW\SSO\QXNWRUêVDEXGHSULYiG]DĢ$NQLH
MHYDUQiGRVNDVSUiYQHQDVWDYHQiSR]ULWHVLSRN\Q\YQDVOHGXM~FLFK
RGVHNRFKVQiYRGRPQD]PHQXQDVWDYHQLDSO\QX
9 SUtSDGH VNYDSDOQHQpKR SO\QX WODNRYi IĐDãD SRXåLWH UHJXOiWRU\
WODNXVSĎĖDM~FHSRåLDGDYN\YQ~WURãWiWQ\FKQRULHP
3RXåtYDMWH LED U~UN\ SRGORåN\ D WHVQLDFH SRGORåN\ NWRUp VSĎĖDM~
SRåLDGDYN\SUtVOXãQêFKSODWQêFKYQ~WURãWiWQ\FKQRULHP
3UHQLHNWRUpPRGHO\VDGRGiYDNyQLFNiVSRMNDXUþHQiQDLQãWDOiFLXY
NUDMLQiFKNGHMHWHQWRW\SVSRMN\SRYLQQêQDREUi]NXMHR]QDþHQp
DNRUR]R]QDĢU{]QHGUXK\VSRMRN&< F\OLQGULFNi&2 NyQLFNi9
NDåGRPSUtSDGHWUHEDF\OLQGULFN~þDVĢVSRMN\SULSRMLĢNYDUQHMGRVNH
3UL]DSRMHQtYDUQHMGRVN\NSUtYRGXSO\QXSRXåLWtPRK\EQêFKKDGLþLHN
VDXLVWLWHåHPD[LPiOQDGĎåNDKDGLþN\QHSUHVLDKQHPHWUH
2K\EQ~KDGLþNXWUHEDXSHYQLĢWDNDE\VDQHGRVWDODGRNRQWDNWXV
SRK\EOLYêPL GLHOPL NXFK\QVNHM OLQN\ QDSU VR ]iVXYNRX D
QHSUHFKiG]DODFH]åLDGQ\SULHVWRUNGHVDP{åHVWODþLĢ]DORPLĢDOHER
LQiþSRãNRGLĢ
7HQWRVSRWUHELþVDPXVtQDLQãWDORYDĢYV~ODGHVSODWQêPLSUHGSLVPLD
VPLHVDSRXåtYDĢLEDQDGREUH YHWUDQRP PLHVWH 3UHG LQãWDOiFLRX
DOHERSRXåtYDQtPWRKWRVSRWUHELþDVLSR]RUQHSUHþtWDMWHWLHWRSRN\Q\
3O\QRPQDSiMDQêYDUQêVSRWUHELþSURGXNXMHYPLHVWHLQãWDOiFLHWHSOR
DYOKNRVĢ3UHWRE\VWHPDOL]DLVWLĢVSUiYQHYHWUDQLHWDNåHQHFKiWH
RWYRUHQp YãHWN\ SULURG]HQp YHWUDFLH RWYRU\ DOHER LQãWDOiFLRX
RGViYDþDSiU,QWHQ]tYQHDSUHGĎåHQpSRXåtYDQLHVSRWUHELþDVLP{åH
Y\åDGRYDĢPLPRULDGQHYHWUDQLHDNRQDSUtNODGRWYRUHQLHRNLHQDOHER
]YêãHQLH UêFKORVWL HOHNWULFNpKR YHQWLOiWRUD SRNLDĐ PiWH YHQWLOiWRU
DOHERRGViYDþNGLVSR]tFLL
$NVD RGViYDþ SiU QHGi QDLQãWDORYDĢ WUHED XSHYQLĢQD YRQNDMãLX
VWHQXDOHERRNQRHOHNWULFNêYHQWLOiWRUNWRUê]DLVWtYKRGQpYHWUDQLH
(OHNWULFNê YHQWLOiWRU PXVt E\Ģ VFKRSQê ]DLVWLĢ YêPHQX Y]GXFKX Y
NXFK\QLNDåG~KRGLQX±NUiW3UDFRYQtNY\NRQiYDM~FLLQãWDOiFLX
PXVtGRGUåLDYDĢSUtVOXãQpYQ~WURãWiWQHQRUP\
PLHVWDFK ]YRGRY SUHWRåH E\ VD PRKOL Y\VN\WQ~Ģ ÄSUREOpP\ V
SUHUXãHQtPREYRGRY³=QRYXYiPSULSRPtQDPHåHVSRWUHELþPXVt
E\Ģ VSUiYQH X]HPQHQê YêUREFD RGPLHWD NDåG~ ]RGSRYHGQRVĢ Y
SUtSDGHQHVSUiYQHKRHOHNWULFNpKR]DSRMHQLDVSRWUHELþD
(/(.75,&.e=$32-(1,(
6.
Loading ...
Loading ...
Loading ...