#1 Can I hook up a 24 volt solar panel and charge a 12 volt battery?
The 10-amp Wanderer can accept up to 50-Volts D/C. However, please note that it can only accept 100-watts of solar input when charging a 12-volt battery bank.
#2 With the Temperature sensor, Does it stop charging when it drops below freezing?
No, the temperature sensor is to provide the correct voltage to the battery appropriate to the battery requirements at various temperatures. Battery charge voltages change as temperature changes.
#3 It will show the panel's amps output at any time while charging?
It shows the panels voltage output while charging and also battery level.
#4 What does the lcd display represent when it shows panel amps? Is that that charge current from panels to battery?
That is how many amps the panel is currently putting out. Basically you could call it the strength of voltage displayed in amps.
#5 Can I use this with solar panel only no battery backup?
No. The controller's purpose is to safely control the charging voltage and amperage delivered to the storage battery. The controller is powered by the battery, not the solar cell(s). The controller will stop charging when the battery is completely charged.