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Index
Product Overview
Technical Specifications
ELEGOO MEGA 2560 R3
The ELEGOO Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega 2560 (datasheet). It
has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4
UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller;
simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery
to get started. The Mega is compatible with most shields designed for the Arduino Duemilanove
or Diecimila.
Terms & Conditions
How to use ELegoo MEGA 2560
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Technical Specification
Summary
Microcontroller
Operating Voltage
Input Voltage (recommended)
ATmega2560
5V
7-9V
Input Voltage (limits)
Digital I/O Pins
6-9V
54 (of which 14 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins
DC Current per I/O Pin
DC Current for 3.3V Pin
Flash Memory
16
40 mA
50 mA
256 KB of which 8 KB used by bootloader
SRAM
EEPROM
8 KB
4 KB
Clock Speed
16 MHz
The board
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Memory
Input and Output
Power
The Elegoo Mega2560 can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power supply.
The power source is selected automatically. External (non-USB) power can come either from an
AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm
center-positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd
and Vin pin headers of the POWERconnector.
The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V,
however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. If using
more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended
range is 7 to 12 volts.
The Mega2560 differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial
driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
The power pins are as follows:
VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external power source (as
opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can
supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it
through this pin.
5V. The regulated power supply used to power the microcontroller and other
components on the board. This can come either from VIN via an on-board regulator, or be
supplied by USB or another regulated 5Vsupply.
3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50
mA.
GND. Ground pins.
The ATmega2560 has 256 KB of flash memory for storing code (of which 8 KB is used for the
boot loader), 8 KB of SRAM and 4 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written with the
EEPROM library).
Each of the 54 digital pins on the Mega can be used as an input or output, using pinMode(),
digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or
receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-
50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized functions:
Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX); Serial 1: 19 (RX) and 18 (TX); Serial 2: 17 (RX) and 16 (TX); Serial
3: 15 (RX) and 14 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. Pins 0
and 1 are also connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial
chip.
External Interrupts: 2 (interrupt 0), 3 (interrupt 1), 18 (interrupt 5), 19 (interrupt 4), 20
(interrupt 3), and 21 (interrupt 2). These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on
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Communication
a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attach Interrupt ()
function for details.
PWM: 0 to 13. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analog Write () function.
SPI: 50 (MISO), 51 (MOSI), 52 (SCK), 53 (SS). These pins support SPI communication,
which, although provided by the underlying hardware, is not currently included in the
Arduino language. The SPI pins are also broken out on the ICSP header, which is physically
compatible with the Duemilanove and Diecimila.
LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the
LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.
I
2
C: 20 (SDA) and 21 (SCL). Support I
2
C (TWI) communication using the Wire library
(documentation on the Wiring website). Note that these pins are not in the same location
as the I
2
C pins on theDuemilanove.
The Mega2560 has 16 analog inputs, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024
different values). By default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change
the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and analogReference() function.
There are a couple of other pins on theboard:
AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analog Reference ().
Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset
button to shields which block the one on the board.
The Arduino Mega2560 has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another
Arduino, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega2560 provides four hardware UARTs for TTL (5V)
serial communication. An ATmega8U2 on the board channels one of these over USB and provides
a virtual com port to software on the computer (Windows machines will need a .inf file, but OSX
and Linux machines will recognize the board as a COM port automatically. The Arduino
software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from
the board. The RX and TX LEDs on the board will flash when data is being transmitted via the
ATmega8U2 chip and USB connection to the computer (but not for serial communication on pins
0 and 1).
A SoftwareSerial library allows for serial communication on any of the Mega's digital pins.
The ATmega2560 also supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software
includes a Wire library to simplify use of the I2C bus; see the documentation on the Wiring
website for details. To use theSPI communication, please see the ATmega2560 datasheet.
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Programming
The ELegoo Mega2560 can be programmed with the Arduino software (download). For details,
see the reference and tutorials.
The Atmega 2560 on the Arduino Mega comes preburned with a boot loader that allows you to
upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates
using the original STK500 protocol (reference, C header files).
You can also bypass the bootloader and program the microcontroller through the ICSP (In-
Circuit Serial Programming) header; see these instructions fordetails.
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USB Overcurrent Protection
Physical Characteristics and Shield Compatibility
Automatic (Soft ware) Reset
Rather then requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload, the Elegoo Mega2560
is designed in a way that allows it to be reset by software running on a connected computer.
One of the hardware flow control lines (DTR) of the ATmega8U2 is connected to the reset line of
the ATmega2560 via a 100 nanofarad capacitor. When this line is asserted (taken low), the reset
line drops long enough to reset the chip. The Arduino software uses this capability to allow you
to upload code by simply pressing the upload button in the Arduino environment. This means
that the boot loader can have a shorter timeout, as the lowering of DTR can be well-coordinated
with the start of the upload.
This setup has other implications. When the Mega 2560 is connected to either a computer running
Mac OS X or Linux, it resets each time a connection is made to it from software (via USB). For the
following half-second or so, the bootloader is running on the Mega2560. While it is
programmed to ignore malformed data (i.e. anything besides an upload of new code), it will
intercept the first few bytes of data sent to the board after a connection is opened. If a sketch
running on the board receives one-time configuration or other data when it first starts, make sure
that the software with which it communicates waits a second after opening the connection and
before sending thisdata.
The Mega contains a trace that can be cut to disable the auto-reset. The pads on either side of the
trace can be soldered together to re-enable it. It's labeled "RESET-EN". You may also be able to
disable the auto-reset by connecting a 110 ohm resistor from 5V to the reset line; see this forum
thread for details.
The Arduino Mega has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's USB ports from
shorts and overcurrent. Although most computers provide their own internal protection, the fuse
provides an extra layer of protection. If more than 500 mA is applied to the USB port, the fuse will
automatically break the connection until the short or overload is removed.
The maximum length and width of the Mega PCB are 4 and 2.1 inches respectively, with the USB
connector and power jack extending beyond the former dimension. Three screw holes allow the
board to be attached to a surface or case. Note that the distance between digital pins 7 and 8 is
160 mil (0.16"), not an even multiple of the 100 mil spacing of the otherpins.
The Mega is designed to be compatible with most shields designed for the Diecimila or
Duemilanove. Digital pins 0 to 13 (and the adjacent AREF and GND pins), analog inputs 0 to 5,
the power header, and ICSP header are all in equivalent locations. Further the main UART (serial
port) is located on the same pins (0 and 1), as are external interrupts 0 and 1 (pins 2 and 3
respectively). SPI is available through the ICSP header on both the Mega and Duemilanove /
Diecimila. Please note that I
2
C is not located on the same pins on the Mega (20 and 21) as the
Duemilanove / Diecimila (analog inputs 4 and 5).
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How to use elegoo mega 2560 R3
Linux Install Windows Install Mac Install
Blink LED
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Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect its
surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The microcontroller on the board
is programmed using the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring) and the Arduino
development environment (based on Processing). Arduino projects can be stand-alone or they can
communicate with software on running on a computer (e.g. Flash, Processing,MaxMSP).
Arduino is a cross-platoform program. You’ll have to follow different instructions for your personal
OS. Check on the Arduino site for the latest instructions. http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage
Once you have downloaded/unzipped the arduino IDE, you can plug the Arduino to your PC via USB
cable.
Now you’re actually ready to “burn” your
first program on the arduino board. To
select “blink led”, the physical translation
of the well known programming “hello
world”, select
File>Sketchbook> Arduino-
1.8.5>Examples>Digital>Blink
Once you have your skecth you’ll see
something very close to the
screenshot on the right.
In Tools>Board select MEGA Now
you have to go to
Tools>SerialPort
and select the right serial port, the
one arduino is attached to.
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Dimensioned Drawing
