instructions
TYPE FPM90
TYPE FPM91
FPM90
FPM91
English 3 - 18
´¸∂w
91 - 33
bq
cm
cr
ct
dk
dl
cs
dr
ds
dt
cn
co
cp
cq
dm
dn
do
dp
dq
br
bs
bt
ck
cl
6
6
4
3
2
5
7
1
5
4
3
2
1
bk
bp
bl
9
A - standard attachments
B - optional attachments
Type FPM91
햹
햸
bobnbm
bl
bs
bm
bn
bo
ct
cn
cp
cm
cl
co
cm
+
cn
co
+
cp
cq
dtdrcr dk
dq
dm dp
ds
dl
br
bp
bq
bt
ck
cq
cr
cs
a
b
a
b
c
a
b
a
b
d
e
f
g
c
9
bk
8
safety
●
Read these instructions carefully and retain for future reference.
●
Remove all packaging and any labels.
●
The blades and discs are very sharp, handle with care. Always hold by the
finger grip at the top, away from the cutting edge, both when
handling and cleaning.
●
Do not lift or carry the processor by the handle - or the handle may break
resulting in injury.
●
Always remove the knife blade before pouring contents from the bowl.
●
Keep hands and utensils out of the processor bowl and blender goblet whilst
connected to the power supply.
●
Switch off and unplug:-
●
before fitting or removing parts;
●
when not in use;
●
before cleaning.
●
Never use your fingers to push food down the feed tube. Always use the
pusher/s supplied.
●
Never fit the blade unit to the power unit without the blender
goblet or compact chopper/grinder fitted.
●
Before removing the lid from the bowl or blender or compact chopper/grinder
from the power unit:-
●
switch off;
●
wait until the attachment/blades have completely stopped;
●
be careful not to unscrew the blender goblet or compact chopper/grinder
from the blade assembly.
●
SCALD RISK: Hot ingredients should be allowed to cool to room temperature
before blending.
●
Do not use the lid to operate the processor, always use the on/off speed
control.
●
This appliance will be damaged and may cause injury if the
interlock mechanism is subjected to excessive force.
●
Always unplug your food processor when not in use.
●
Never use an unauthorised attachment.
●
Never leave the appliance unattended when it is operating.
●
Never use a damaged appliance. Get it checked or repaired: see ‘service &
customer care’.
●
Never let the power unit, cord or plug get wet.
●
Don’t let excess cord hang over the edge of a table or worktop or touch hot
surfaces.
●
Do not exceed the maximum capacities stated in the recommended speed
chart.
3
●
This appliance shall not be used by children. Keep the appliance and its cord
out of reach of children.
●
Children should be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the
appliance.
●
Appliances can be used by persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental
capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been given
supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance in a safe way and if
they understand the hazards involved.
●
Only use the appliance for its intended domestic use. Kenwood will not accept
any liability if the appliance is subject to improper use, or failure to comply with
these instructions.
●
Misuse of your processor/blender can result in injury.
●
The maximum rating is based on the attachment that draws the greatest load.
Other attachments may draw less power.
Refer to the relevant section under “using the attachments” for additional safety
warnings for each individual attachment.
blender safety
●
SCALD RISK: Hot ingredients should be allowed to cool to room temperature
before blending.
●
Always take care when handling the blade assembly and avoid touching the
cutting edge of the blades when cleaning.
●
Only operate the blender with the lid in place.
●
Only use the goblet with the blade assembly supplied.
●
Never run the blender empty.
●
To ensure the long life of your blender, do not run it for longer than 60 seconds.
●
Smoothie recipes - never blend frozen ingredients that have formed a solid
mass during freezing, break it up before adding to the goblet.
●
Important - The skirt on the base of the goblet is fitted during manufacture
and no attempt should be made to remove it.
4
5
IMPORTANT: HOT
BLENDING INSTRUCTIONS
To minimise the possibility of scalding when blending hot ingredients keep hands
and other exposed skin away from the lid to prevent possible burns. The
following precautions must be observed:
●
CAUTION: Blending very hot ingredients may result in hot liquid
and steam being forced suddenly past the lid or filler cap
bq
.
●
We recommend that hot ingredients are allowed to cool before
blending.
●
NEVER exceed 1200mls/5 cups capacity if processing hot liquids, such as
soups (refer to the markings on the goblet).
●
ALWAYS commence blending at a low speed and gradually increase the
speed. NEVER blend hot liquids by using the Pulse setting.
●
Liquids which tend to foam such as milk, should be limited to a maximum
capacity of 1000mls/4 cups.
●
Take care when handling the blender as the goblet and its contents will be
very hot.
●
Take particular care when removing the lid. The lid is designed to be a tight fit
to prevent leakage. If necessary protect your hands with a cloth or oven
gloves when handling.
●
Ensure the goblet is securely attached to the base and when removing from
the appliance, guide the base and ensure it is removed together with the
goblet.
●
Ensure that the lid and filler cap are securely in place before every blending
operation.
●
Always ensure that the vents in the filler cap are clear before every blending
operation
cl
.
●
When fitting the lid to the goblet always ensure that the lid and goblet rim are
clean and dry to ensure a good seal and prevent spillage.
slicing/grating disc safety
●
Never remove the lid until the cutting disc has completely
stopped.
●
Handle the cutting discs with care - they are extremely sharp.
●
Do not overfill the bowl – do not exceed the maximum capacity
level marked on the bowl.
compact chopper/grinder safety
●
Never fit the blade unit to your food processor without the jar fitted.
●
Never unscrew the jar while the compact chopper/grinder is fitted to your
appliance.
●
Do not touch the sharp blades – Keep the blade unit away from children.
●
Never remove the compact chopper/grinder until the blades have completely
stopped.
●
To ensure the long life of your compact chopper/grinder, do not run it
continuously for longer than 60 seconds. Switch off as soon as you have got
the right consistency.
●
The appliance will not work if the compact chopper/grinder is incorrectly fitted.
●
Do not process turmeric root in the compact chopper/grinder as it is too hard
and may damage the blades.
juice extractor safety
●
Do not use the juice extractor if the filter is damaged.
●
Only use the pusher supplied. Never put your fingers in the feed tube. Unplug
before unblocking the feed tube.
●
Before removing the lid, switch off and wait for the filter to stop.
6
before plugging in
●
Make sure your electricity supply is the same as the one shown
on the underside of your appliance.
Important – UK only
●
The wires in the cord are coloured as follows:
Green and Yellow = Earth, Blue = Neutral, Brown = Live.
●
The appliance must be protected by a 13A approved (BS1362)
fuse.
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED.
Note:
●
For non-rewireable plugs the fuse cover MUST be refitted when
replacing the fuse. If the fuse cover is lost then the plug must not
be used until a replacement can be obtained. The correct fuse
cover is identified by colour and a replacement may be obtained
from your Kenwood Authorised Repairer (see Service).
●
If a non-rewireable plug is cut off it must be DESTROYED
IMMEDIATELY. An electric shock hazard may arise if an
unwanted non-rewireable plug is inadvertently inserted into a
13A socket outlet.
●
This appliance conforms to EC directive 2004/108/EC on
Electromagnetic Compatibility and EC regulation no. 1935/2004
of 27/10/2004 on materials intended for contact with food.
before using for the first time
1 Remove the plastic blade covers from the knife blade. Take
care the blades are very sharp. These covers should be
discarded as they are to protect the blade during manufacture
and transit only.
2 Wash the parts see ‘care & cleaning’
key
processor
1
power unit
2
detachable drive shaft
3
Trïtan™ bowl
4
Trïtan™ lid
5
wide feed tube
6
pushers
7
safety interlocks
8
cord storage (at back)
9
power on light
bk
auto button
bl
speed/pulse control
weighing function (Type FPM91)
bm
kg/lb button
bn
display screen
bo
on/zero button
bp
weighing tray
thermoresist blender
bq
filler cap
br
lid
bs
goblet
bt
sealing ring
ck
blade unit
cl
filler cap vents
A - standard attachments
cm
knife blade
cn
dough tool
co
dual whisk
cp
folding tool
cq
max capacity disc
cr
4mm slicing disc
cs
2mm slicing disc
ct
4mm grating disc
dk
2mm grating disc
dl
attachment storage box
B - optional attachments
Not all the attachments listed below will be included with your food
processor model. Attachments are dependent upon the model
variant. For more information or to order additional attachments
refer to the “service and customer care” section.
dm
extra fine grater disc (if supplied)
dn
fine Julienne disc (if supplied)
do
decorative slicing disc (if supplied)
dp
French fry disc (if supplied)
dq
mini bowl and blade (if supplied)
dr
compact chopper/grinder (if supplied)
ds
citrus juicer (if supplied)
dt
metal juice extractor (if supplied)
to use your food processor
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft onto the power unit – push
down lightly to ensure the drive shaft is fully engaged.
2 Then fit the bowl to the power unit. Place the handle towards
the back on the right hand side and turn clockwise
2
until it
locks.
3 Fit an attachment over the bowl drive shaft.
●
Always fit the bowl and attachment onto the processor before
adding ingredients.
4 Fit the lid
3
- ensuring the top of the drive shaft/tool locates into
the centre of the lid.
5 Fit the pushers to the feed tube – turn the small pusher clockwise
to lock in position .
●
The processor will not operate if the bowl, lid or
wide feed tube pusher are not fitted correctly into
the interlocks. Check that the feed tube and bowl
handle are situated to the right hand side.
6 Plug in. The Power On light will come on and flash until the bowl
and lid are fitted correctly. Select one of the following options: -
Auto Button – the light will come on when the Auto Button is
pressed and the optimum speed for the attachment will be
automatically selected.
Speed Control – manually select the required speed (refer to the
recommended speed chart).
Pulse – use the pulse (P) for short bursts. The pulse will operate
for as long as the control is held in position.
7 At the end of processing turn the speed control to the ‘O’ off
position or if using the Auto press the button and the light will go
out.
●
The Power On light will flash if either the lid, bowl or
wide feed tube are not fitted.
●
The Power On and Auto lights will flash if the Auto is
selected but the interlocks are not engaged.
7
●
The Auto Button will not operate if a speed is
selected on the speed control.
●
Always switch off and unplug before removing the lid.
important
●
Your processor is not suitable for crushing or grinding coffee
beans, or converting granulated sugar to caster sugar.
Eco function
If the food processor is left plugged in for over 30 minutes
without being used, it will go into standby mode to reduce
energy consumption.
●
The Power On light will pulse slowly and the food processor will
not operate until one of the following actions are carried out:-
●
The Auto Button is pressed.
●
The speed control is turned to a speed and then turned back to
the ‘O’ off position.
The light will change to being constantly lit when ready to use.
Note: If the bowl or lid are not engaged into the interlock the
power on light will pulse more rapidly than the Eco function.
weighing function (Type FPM91)
Your food processor is fitted with a built in weighing function to
allow ingredients to be weighed straight into the bowl or blender
goblet.
●
The Maximum weighing capacity is 3Kg. This is the total weight
of all the ingredients including the weight of the bowl or goblet.
to use the weighing function
1 Always fit the detachable drive shaft, bowl and attachment or
blender goblet onto the power unit before adding ingredients.
2 Plug in – the display screen will remain
blank.
3 Press the ON/ZERO button once and
the display screen will light up.
4 Press the (kg/lb) button to select either
grams or ounces. The display will
default to kg/g when first switched on.
●
The unit weighs in 2g increments and
teaspoon/tablespoon measures are
recommended for weighing small
quantities.
5 Check the display shows ‘0’, if not,
zero by pressing the ON/ZERO button.
Then weigh the required ingredients straight into the bowl or
goblet. After the weight is displayed, press the ON/ZERO button
and the display will return to ‘0’. Add the next ingredients and
that weight will be displayed. Repeat until all ingredients are
weighed.
●
If the display is not zeroed and either the ingredients or the
bowl/attachment/lid are removed the display will show [ - - - -] to
represent a minus reading.
To zero press the ON/ZERO button once.
6 Add the lid and select a speed to operate the processor.
●
During operation the display screen will freeze [- - - -] until the
speed control returned to the ‘O’ off position.
●
After processing the last weight will be displayed on the screen
when the speed control is returned to the ‘O’ off position. Note:
The weight of the lid will be included if the display is not zeroed
before switching on.
●
The weight of any additional ingredients added down the feed
tube whilst the processor is running will not be shown on the
display screen.
bp
weighing tray
A removable weighing tray is
supplied for weighing ingredients
without the bowl or blender.
To use, place the tray on top of the
power unit. Then follow steps 2 to 5
under ‘to use the weighing function’.
To remove, just lift the tray off.
auto switch off
●
The display screen will turn off automatically if the same weight
reading is shown after 5 minutes.
●
The display screen can be turned off manually by pressing and
holding down the ON/ZERO button for a few seconds.
important
●
Do not overload by exceeding the maximum weighing capacity of
3Kg. The display will show [0 – Ld] if the weighing function is
overloaded.
●
Do not subject the power unit to excessive force as this may
damage the weighing sensor.
●
Always place the processor on a dry flat surface prior to
weighing.
●
Do not move the power unit during operation of the weighing
function.
to use your thermoresist blender
1 Fit the sealing ring
bt
into the blade unit
ck
- ensuring the seal is
located correctly in the grooved area.
●
Leaking will occur if the seal is damaged or
incorrectly fitted.
2 Hold the underside of the blade unit
ck
and insert the blades
into the goblet - turn anti-clockwise until it clicks
5
. Refer to the
graphics on the underside of the blade unit as follows:
- unlocked position
- locked position
The blender will not work if incorrectly assembled.
3 Put your ingredients into the goblet.
4 Fit the lid to the goblet and push down to secure
6
. Fit the filler
cap.
5 Place the blender onto the power unit, and turn clockwise
7
to
lock.
●
The appliance will not operate if the blender is
incorrectly fitted to the interlock.
6 Select Auto, or a speed (refer to the recommended speed chart)
or use the pulse control.
hints
●
When making mayonnaise, put all the ingredients, except the oil,
into the blender. Remove the filler cap. Then, with the appliance
running, add the oil slowly through the hole in the lid.
●
Thick mixtures, e.g. pâtés and dips, may need scraping down. If
the mixture is difficult to process, add more liquid.
●
Ice crushing - operate the pulse in short bursts until crushed to the
desired consistency.
●
The processing of spices is not recommended as they may
damage the plastic parts.
●
The appliance will not work if the blender is incorrectly fitted.
8
●
To blend dry ingredients - cut into pieces, remove the filler cap,
then with the appliance running, drop the pieces down one by
one. Keep your hand over the opening. For best results empty
regularly.
●
Don’t use the blender as a storage container. Keep it empty
before and after use.
●
Never blend more than 1.6 litres (56 fl oz) - less for frothy liquids
like milkshakes.
9
recommended speed chart
tool/attachment function recommended processing maximum
speed time
❋
capacities
Knife blade All in one cake mixes 8 15-20 secs 2Kg/4lb 8oz
flour weight
Pastry - rubbing fat into flour 5 –8 10 secs 500g/1lb 2oz
flour weight
Adding water to combine pastry ingredients 10-20 secs
Chopping fish and lean meat Pulse –8 10-30 secs 1Kg/2lb 4oz
Pâtés and terrines max lean beef
Chopping vegetables Pulse 5-10 secs 500g/1lb 2oz
Chopping nuts 8 30-60 secs 200g/8oz
Pureeing soft fruit, cooked fruit and vegetables 8 10-30 secs 1Kg/2lb 4oz
Sauces, dressing and dips 8 2 mins max 800g/1lb 8oz
Knife blade with Cold soups Start at low 30-60 secs 2 litres/4pts
max capacity disc speed and
Milkshakes/batters increase to 15-30 secs 1.5 litres/2pts 12 fl oz
maximum
Dual whisk Egg whites 8 60-90 secs 2 – 8 (70g – 280g)
Egg & sugar for fatless sponges 8 4-5 min 3 eggs (150g)
Cream 8 30 secs 250mls – 750mls/
9 fl oz - 27 fl oz
Folding tool Whipping cream and fruit purees 1 –2 60 secs 300g/12oz cream,
300g/12oz puree
Egg whites into heavy mixtures 1 –2 60 secs 600g/1lb 6oz total wt
Macaroons 1 –2 60 secs 500g/1lb 2oz total wt
Dough tool Yeasted mixes 8 60 secs 1.3Kg/ 2lb 12oz total wt
White Bread Flour 8 60 secs 650g/1lb 8oz flour wt
Wholemeal Bread Flour 8 60 secs 500g/1lb 2oz flour wt
Discs - slicing/grating Firm food items such as carrots, hard cheeses 5 –8 –
Softer items such as cucumbers, tomatoes 1 –5 –
Extra fine grater Parmesan cheese, potatoes for German 8–
potato dumplings
Fine Julienne disc Potato straws and rosti 8–
Stir fries and vegetable garnishes
Decorative slicing disc Firm food items such as carrots and potatoes 5-8 –
Softer food items such as cucumber
French fry disc Cuts potatoes for thin French Fries and 8–
ingredients for casseroles and dips (eg cucumber,
apple and pear.)
Thermoresist blender Cold liquids and drinks 8 15-30 secs 1.6 litres/56 fl oz
Stock based soups 8 30 secs 1.2 litres/42 fl oz
Soups using milk 8 30 secs 1 litres/2pts
We recommend that hot ingredients are allowed to cool before blending. However should you wish to process
hot ingredients please read the Hot Blending Safety instructions.
Do not fill above
the maximum
capacity marked on
the bowl
recommended speed chart
tool/attachment function recommended processing maximum
speed time
❋
capacities
Mini bowl and knife Meat 8 20 secs + Pulse 300g/12oz Lean beef
Chopping herbs 8 30 secs 20g/1oz
Chopping nuts 8 30 secs 100g/4oz
Mayonnaise 8 30 secs 2 Eggs
300g/12oz Oil
Purees 8 30 secs 200g/8oz
Compact chopper/grinder Processing a range of spices 8 30-60 secs 100g/4oz
Grinding coffee beans 8 30 secs 75g/3oz
Chopping nuts Pulse 5 secs 140g/5oz
Lean braising steak (cut into 2cm cubes) Pulse 10 secs 200g/8oz
Citrus Juicer Smaller items i.e. limes and lemons 1 –2 – 2Kg/4lb 8oz
Larger fruits i.e. oranges and grapefruits
Juice extractor Juicing firm fruit and vegetables auto – 1Kg/2lb 4oz apples
ie apples and carrots 800g/1lb 12oz carrots
Juicing soft fruits ie grapes and auto – 500g/1lb 2oz
tomatoes
10
❋
This is for guidance only and will vary depending on the exact recipe and ingredients being processed.
using the attachments
Refer to recommended speed chart for each attachment.
cm
knife blade
The knife blade is the most versatile of all the attachments. The
length of the processing time will determine the texture achieved.
For coarser textures use the pulse control.
Use the knife blade for cake and pastry making, chopping raw
and cooked meat, vegetables, nuts, pâté, dips, pureeing soups
and to also make crumbs from biscuits and bread.
hints
●
Cut food such as meat, bread, vegetables into cubes
approximately 2cm/3/4in before processing.
●
Biscuits should be broken into pieces and added down the feed
tube whilst the appliance is running.
●
When making pastry use fat straight from the fridge cut into
2cm/3/4in.cubes.
●
Take care not to over-process.
cn
dough tool
Use for yeasted dough mixes.
●
Place the dry ingredients in the bowl and add the liquid down the
feed tube whilst the appliance is running. Process until a smooth
elastic ball of dough is formed this will take approx. 45-60 secs.
●
Re-knead by hand only. Re-kneading in the bowl is not
recommended as it may cause the processor to become unstable.
co
dual whisk
Use for light mixtures only e.g. egg whites, cream, evaporated
milk and for whisking eggs and sugar for fatless sponges.
Heavier mixtures such as fat and flour will damage it.
using the whisk
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Push each beater
8
securely into the drive head.
3 Fit the whisk by carefully turning until it drops over the drive
shaft.
4 Add the ingredients.
5 Fit the lid - ensuring the end of the shaft locates into the centre
of the lid.
6 Switch on.
important
●
The whisk is not suitable for making all in one cake
mixes as these mixes are too heavy and will damage
it. Always use the knife blade.
hints
●
Best results are obtained when the eggs are at room
temperature.
●
Ensure the bowl and whisks are clean and free from grease
before whisking.
●
Heavier ingredients such as flour and dried fruit should be folded
in by hand.
●
Do not exceed the maximum capacity or processing time stated
in the recommended speed chart.
cp
folding tool
Use the folding tool to fold light ingredients into heavier mixtures
for example meringues, mousses and fruit fools.
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Push the paddle
9
securely into the drive head.
3 Fit the folding tool by carefully turning until it drops over the drive
shaft.
4 Add the ingredients.
5 Fit the lid – ensuring the end of the shaft locates into the centre
of the lid .
6 Select low speed (speed 1 – 2).
to remove the beater
Detach the beater from the drive head by pressing the release
button
bk
.
hints
●
Do not use Auto or high speed as a low speed is required to
optimise the folding performance.
●
For best results do not over whisk egg whites or cream – the
folding tool will not be able to fold the mixture correctly if the
whisked mix is too firm.
●
Do not fold the mixture for longer than stated in the
recommended speed chart as the air will be knocked out and
the mix will be too loose.
●
Any unmixed ingredients left on the paddle or sides of the bowl
should be carefully folded in using the spatula.
cq
max capacity disc
When blending liquids, use the max capacity disc with the knife
blade. It allows you to increase the liquid processing capacity
from 1.4 litre to 2 litres, prevents leaking and improves the
chopping performance of the blade.
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Fit the knife blade.
3 Add ingredients to be processed.
4 Fit the capacity disc over the top of the blade ensuring it sits on
the ledge inside the bowl
bl
. Do not push down on the
capacity disc.
5 Fit the lid and switch on.
slicing/grating discs
slicing discs - 4mm
cr
, 2mm
cs
Use the slicing side for cheese, carrots, potatoes, cabbage,
cucumber, courgette, beetroot and onions.
grating discs - 4mm
ct
, 2mm
dk
Use the grating side for cheese, carrots, potatoes and foods of a
similar texture.
extra fine grater disc
dm
(if supplied)
Grates Parmesan cheese and potatoes for German potato
dumplings.
fine julienne
dn
(if supplied)
Use to cut potatoes into straws and coarse grate for rosti, stir
fries and vegetable garnishes.
decorative slicing disc
do
(if supplied)
Use to slice potatoes, carrot, cucumbers and foods of a similar
texture into fluted shaped slices.
French fry disc
dp
(if supplied)
Cuts potatoes for thin French Fries and ingredients for
casseroles and dips (eg cucumber, apple and pear.)
11
safety
●
Never remove the lid until the cutting disc has
completely stopped.
●
Handle the cutting discs with care - they are
extremely sharp.
●
Do not overfill the bowl – do not exceed the
maximum capacity level marked on the bowl.
to use the cutting discs
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Holding by the centre grip, place the disc onto the drive shaft with
the appropriate side uppermost
bm
.
3 Fit the lid.
4 Put the food in the feed tube.
Choose which size feed tube you want to use. The pusher
contains a smaller feed tube for processing individual items or
thin food items.
To use the small feed tube – first put the large pusher inside the
feed tube.
To use the wide feed tube – fit the small pusher into the wide
pusher and turn clockwise to lock in place.
Do not fill the feed tube above the maximum level as the
processor will not operate unless the wide feed tube pusher is
fitted correctly.
5 Switch on and push down evenly with the pusher - never put
your fingers in the feed tube.
hints
●
Use fresh ingredients
●
Don’t cut food too small. Fill the width of the feed tube fairly full.
This prevents the food from slipping sideways during processing.
Alternatively use the small feed tube.
●
When using the Julienne disc, place ingredients horizontally.
●
When slicing or grating: food placed upright
bn
comes out
shorter than food placed horizontally
bo
.
●
Food placed upright comes out shorter than food placed
horizontal.
●
There will always be a small amount of waste on the disc or in
the bowl after processing.
dq
mini bowl and knife (if supplied)
Use the mini processor bowl to chop herbs and process small
quantities of ingredients e.g. meat, onion, nuts, mayonnaise,
vegetables, purées, sauces and baby food.
Do not overfill the bowl.
a mini blade
b mini bowl
to use the mini bowl and knife
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Fit the mini bowl over the detachable drive shaft - ensure the cut
out sections align with the locating tabs
bp
on the main bowl.
Note: The main bowl lid cannot be fitted if the mini bowl is not
located correctly.
3 Place the knife blade over the drive shaft
bq
.
4 Add the ingredients to be processed.
5 Fit the lid and switch on.
safety
●
Never remove the lid until the knife blade has completely
stopped.
●
The knife blade is very sharp - always handle with care.
important
●
Do not process spices – they may damage the plastic.
●
Do not process hard food such as coffee beans, ice cubes or
chocolate – they may damage the blade.
hints
●
Herbs are best chopped when clean and dry.
●
Always add a little liquid when blending cooked ingredients to
make baby food.
●
Cut foods such as meat, bread, vegetables into cubes
approximately 1-2 cm (
1
⁄2 –
3
⁄4 in) before processing.
●
When making mayonnaise add the oil down the feed tube.
dr
compact chopper/grinder (if supplied)
Use the compact chopper/grinder for processing dry ingredients
such as nuts, coffee beans and it is also suitable for processing
a range of spices such as: -
Black peppercorns, cardamom seeds, cumin seeds, coriander
seeds, fennel seeds, fresh ginger root, fresh chillies and whole
cloves.
a sealing ring
b blade unit
c glass jar
to use your compact chopper/grinder
1 Put your ingredients into the jar. Fill it no more than half full.
2 Fit the sealing ring to the blade unit.
3 Hold the underside of the blade unit and insert the blades into
the jar – turn anti-clockwise to lock
br
.
4 Place the compact chopper/grinder onto the power unit and turn
clockwise to lock
bs
.
5 Use the Auto button, or select a speed (refer to the
recommended speed chart).
safety
●
Never fit the blade unit to your food processor without the jar
fitted.
●
Never unscrew the jar while the compact chopper/grinder is
fitted to your appliance.
●
Do not touch the sharp blades – Keep the blade unit away from
children.
●
Never remove the compact chopper/grinder until the blades
have completely stopped.
●
To ensure the long life of your compact chopper/grinder, do not
run it continuously for longer than 60 seconds. Switch off as
soon as you have got the right consistency.
●
The appliance will not work if the compact chopper/grinder is
incorrectly fitted.
●
Do not process turmeric root in the compact chopper/grinder as
it is too hard and may damage the blades.
hints
●
For optimum performance when processing spices we
recommend that you do not process more than 100g at a time in
the compact chopper/grinder.
●
Whole spices retain their flavour for a much longer time than
ground spices so it is best to grind a small quantity fresh at a
time to retain the flavour.
12
●
To release the maximum flavour and essential oils whole spices
are best roasted prior to milling.
●
Cut ginger up into small pieces before processing.
●
For best results the mini bowl attachment is recommended when
chopping herbs.
ds
citrus juicer (if supplied)
Use the citrus juicer to squeeze the juice from citrus fruits (eg
oranges, lemons, limes and grapefruits).
a cone
b sieve
to use the citrus juicer
1 Fit the detachable drive shaft and bowl onto the power unit.
2 Fit the sieve into the bowl - ensuring the sieve handle is locked
into position directly over the bowl handle
bt
.
3 Place the cone over the drive shaft turning until it drops all the
way down
ck
.
4 Cut the fruit in half. Then switch on and press the fruit onto the
cone.
●
The citrus juicer will not operate if the sieve is not
locked correctly.
●
For best results store and juice the fruit at room temperature and
hand roll on a worktop before juicing.
●
To help with juice extraction move the fruit from side to side
when juicing.
●
When juicing large quantities, empty the strainer regularly to
prevent the build up of pulp and seeds.
dt
metal juice extractor (if supplied)
Use the centrifugal juicer for making juice from firm fruit and
vegetables.
a pusher
b lid
c pulp remover
d filter drum
e bowl
f juicing spout
g juice extractor drive adaptor
to use the juice extractor
1 Fit the drive adaptor onto the power unit
cl
– push down lightly
to ensure the adaptor is located correctly.
2 Then fit the bowl. Place the handle towards the back and turn
clockwise until it locks
cm
.
3 Place the pulp remover into the filter drum - ensuring the tabs
locate with the slots in the bottom of the drum
cn
.
4 Fit the filter drum
co
.
5 Place the attachment lid onto the bowl, turn until it locks and the
feed tube sits over the handle
cp
. Your juice extractor will
not operate if the bowl or lid are not fitted correctly
into the interlock.
6 Place a suitable glass or jug under the juice outlet.
7 Cut the food to fit the feed tube.
8 Select Auto and push down evenly with the pusher - never put
your fingers in the feed tube. Process fully before adding
more.
●
After adding the last piece, let the juice extractor run for a further
30 seconds to extract all the juice from the filter drum.
safety
●
Do not use the juice extractor if the filter is
damaged.
●
Only use the pusher supplied. Never put your fingers in the feed
tube. Unplug before unblocking the feed tube.
●
Before removing the lid, switch off and wait for the filter to stop.
important
●
If the juice extractor starts to vibrate, switch off and empty the
pulp from the drum. (The juice extractor vibrates if the pulp
becomes unevenly distributed).
●
Maximum capacity that can be processed at one time is 1Kg of
fruit or vegetables (refer to speed chart).
●
Some very hard foods may make your juice extractor slow down
or stop. If this happens switch off and unblock the filter.
●
Switch off and clear the pulp collector regularly during use.
hints
●
Before processing remove stones and pips (eg pepper, melon,
plum) and tough skins (eg melon, pineapple). You don’t need to
peel or core apples and pears.
●
Use firm, fresh fruit and vegetables.
●
To maximise juice extraction place small quantities at a time in
the feed tube and push down slowly.
●
Citrus fruit - peel and remove the white pith, otherwise the juice
may taste bitter. For best results use the citrus juicer.
dl
attachment storage box
Your food processor is supplied with a storage box for your bowl
attachments and discs.
1 Fit the knife blade and discs into the storage box when not in
use
cq
.
2 The storage box is fitted with a safety lock - close the lid to lock.
To open, push the tab in
cr
and lift up the lid
cs
.
care & cleaning
●
Always switch off and unplug before cleaning.
●
Handle the blades and cutting discs with care - they
are extremely sharp.
●
Some foods may discolour the plastic. This is perfectly normal
and won’t harm the plastic or affect the flavour of your food. Rub
with a cloth dipped in vegetable oil to remove the discolouration.
power unit
●
Wipe with a damp cloth, then dry. Ensure that the interlock area
is clear of food debris.
●
Don’t immerse the power unit in water.
●
Store excess cord in the storage area at the back of the power
unit
ct
.
blender and compact chopper/grinder
1 Empty the goblet/jar, unscrew the blade unit by turning to the
unlock position to release.
2 Wash the goblet/jar by hand.
3 Remove and wash the seals.
4 Don’t touch the sharp blades – brush them clean using hot
soapy water, then rinse thoroughly under the tap. Don’t
immerse the blade unit in water.
5 Leave to dry upside down.
13
dual whisk
●
Detach the beaters from the drive head by gently pulling them
free. Wash in warm soapy water.
●
Wipe the drive head with a damp cloth, then dry. Do not
immerse the drive head in water.
folding tool
●
Detach the beater from the drive head by pressing the release
button
bk
. Wash in warm soapy water.
●
Wipe the drive head with a damp cloth, then dry. Do not
immerse the drive head in water.
centrifugal juicer
●
The cutting blades on the base of the filter drum are very sharp,
take care when handling and cleaning the drum.
●
Some foods may discolour the plastic. This is perfectly normal
and won’t harm the plastic or affect the flavour of your food. Rub
with a cloth dipped in vegetable oil to remove the discolouration.
juice drive adaptor
●
Wipe with a damp cloth, then dry
●
Do not immerse the adaptor in water.
all other parts
●
Wash by hand, then dry.
●
Alternatively they are dishwasher safe and can be washed on the
top rack of your dishwasher. Avoid placing items on the bottom
rack directly over the heating element. A short low temperature
(Maximum 50°C) programme is recommended.
service & customer care
●
If the cord is damaged it must, for safety reasons, be replaced
by KENWOOD or an authorised KENWOOD repairer.
●
If you experience any problems with the operation of
the processor, before calling for assistance refer to
the troubleshooting guide.
UK
If you need help with:
●
using your appliance or
●
servicing, spare parts or repairs (in or out of guarantee)
콯 call Kenwood customer care on 023 9239 2333. Have your
model number (ie FPM91 or FPM90) and date code (5
digit code ie 13L35) ready. They are on the underside of
the power unit.
●
spares and attachments
콯 call 0844 557 3653.
●
other countries
Contact the shop where you purchased your appliance.
●
Designed and engineered by Kenwood in the UK.
●
Made in China.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR CORRECT DISPOSAL
OF THE PRODUCT IN ACCORDANCE WITH EC
DIRECTIVE 2002/96/EC.
At the end of its working life, the product must not be disposed of as
urban waste.
It must be taken to a special local authority differentiated waste
collection centre or to a dealer providing this service.
Disposing of a household appliance separately avoids possible
negative consequences for the environment and health deriving
from inappropriate disposal and enables the constituent materials
to be recovered to obtain significant savings in energy and
resources. As a reminder of the need to dispose of household
appliances separately, the product is marked with a crossed-out
wheeled dustbin.
guarantee UK only
If your food processor goes wrong within one year from the date
you bought it, we will repair it (or replace it if necessary) free of
charge provided:
●
it has been used in accordance with these instructions.
●
you have not misused, neglected, or damaged it;
●
it has not been modified (unless by KENWOOD);
●
it is not second hand;
●
it has not been used commercially;
●
you have not fitted a plug incorrectly; and
●
you supply your receipt to show when you bought it.
This guarantee does not affect your statutory rights.
14
item suitable for
dishwashing
main bowl, mini bowl, lid, pusher ✔
knife blades, dough tool ✔
detachable drive shaft ✘
discs ✔
max capacity disc ✔
whisk beaters/folding tool paddle ✔
Do not immerse the drive head in water
blender goblet, lid, filler cap ✔
blade unit and seal for blender ✘
blade unit and seal for compact chopper/grinder ✘
compact chopper/grinder jar ✔
citrus juicer ✔
metal juice extractor ✔
juice drive adaptor ✘
spatula ✔
15
troubleshooting guide
Problem Cause Solution
The processor will not operate. No Power. Check processor is plugged in.
No power/indicator light not lit.
Bowl not fitted to power unit correctly. Check bowl is located correctly and
the handle is situated towards the
right hand side.
Bowl lid not locked on correctly. Check that the lid interlock is
located correctly into the handle
area.
The processor will not work
if the bowl and lid are fitted
incorrectly.
Eco function operating. Press either the Auto Button or turn
speed control on, then return to ‘O’ to
switch off Eco function.
If none of the above check the
fuse/circuit breaker in your home.
Compact chopper/grinder will not operate. Compact chopper/grinder not locked on correctly. The compact chopper/grinder will not
operate if fitted incorrectly to the
interlock.
Compact chopper/grinder
not assembled correctly.
Check blade unit is fully tightened
onto the compact chopper/grinder jar.
Blender will not operate. Blender not locked on correctly. The blender will not operate if
fitted incorrectly to the interlock.
Blender not assembled correctly. Check blade unit is fully tightened
into the goblet.
Processor stops or slows Overload protection operated. Switch off, unplug and allow the
during processing. Processor overloaded or overheated during appliance to cool down for
operation. approximately 15 minutes.
Maximum capacity exceeded. Refer to the speed chart for maximum
capacities to process.
Weighing function
Display screen freezes on [- - - -]. Quantity weighed too small. Use teaspoon and tablespoon
measures for very small quantities.
Weight changed on display screen. Power unit moved during operation. Do not move unit during use.
Zero the display before weighing next
ingredients.
Power On light flashing rapidly. Normal operation. Check interlocks are engaged
The light will flash if the bowl, lid or blender are correctly.
not fitted to the power unit or not locked in
place correctly.
Power On light flashing slowly. Normal operation.
Food processor left plugged in for over 30 minutes Press either the Auto Button or turn
without being operated and gone into Eco mode. speed control on and then return to
‘O’ to switch off Eco function.
Auto and Power On light flashing. Normal operation. Check interlocks are engaged
The light will flash if the Auto selected but correctly or press the Auto button to
interlocks not engaged. switch off the Auto function.
Blender or compact chopper/grinder leaking Seal missing. Check seal is fitted correctly and not
from blade assembly base. Seal incorrectly fitted. damaged. To obtain a replacement
Seal damaged. seal see “service & customer care”.
Blender seal missing from blade unit when The seal is packed pre-fitted to the blade unit. Unscrew goblet and check that seal
removed from packaging. is fitted to blade unit.
To obtain a replacement seal see
“service & customer care”.
Poor performance of tools/attachments. Refer to hints in relevant “using the attachment” section. Check attachments are
assembled correctly.
recipes ideas/suggestions
carrot and coriander soup
use the blender
25g (1oz) butter
50g (2oz) onion chopped
1 clove garlic crushed
640g (1lb 8oz) carrot cut into 1 cm cubes
cold chicken stock
10-15mls (2-3tsp) ground coriander
salt and pepper
1 Melt the butter in a pan, add the onion and garlic and fry until
soft.
2 Place the carrot into the blender, add the onion and garlic. Add
sufficient stock to reach the 1.6L level marked on the goblet. Fit
the lid and filler cap.
3 Blend on maximum speed for 15 seconds for a coarse soup or
longer for a finer result.
4 Transfer the mixture to a saucepan, add the coriander and
seasoning and simmer the soup for 30 to 35 minutes or until
cooked.
5 Adjust the seasoning as necessary and add extra liquid if
required.
shortcrust pastry
use the knife blade
300g (12oz) plain flour
150g (6oz) mixture of lard and margarine cut into small pieces
2.5 mls (
1
⁄2 tsp) salt
45mls (3tbsp) cold water
1 Fit the knife blade and add the flour, salt and fat. Process for
approximately 10 seconds or until the mixture looks like coarse
breadcrumbs.
2 Then add the water down the feed tube on low speed until the
mixture looks like it is about to stick together.
3 Turn out the mixture onto a worksurface and shape by hand.
Use as required.
●
For best results allow the pastry to rest before use. Place in a
plastic bag or wrap in clingfilm and chill in the fridge for 20
minutes.
lasagne
use the shredding disc & knife blade
300g (12oz) braising steak, cubed.
400g can of tomatoes
30mls (2tbsp) tomato puree
1 onion
5mls (1tsp) basil
100g (4oz) lasagne sheets
500g béchamel sauce
(50g (2oz) butter, 50g (2oz) plain flour, 500mls (1pt) milk)
200g (8oz) mozzarella cheese
15mls (1tbsp) oil
salt and pepper
1 Make the béchamel sauce - melt the butter and add the flour
and cook for 2minutes. Then slowly add the milk, bring to the
boil, stirring continously. Simmer until mix starts to thicken.
2 Grate the cheese using the shredding disc.
3 Then separately chop the meat and onions with the knife blade.
4 Pre-heat the oil and fry the onions until softened, add the meat
and fry until brown.
5 Then add the tomatoes, tomato puree and seasonings.
6 Stir well, cover and simmer gently for about 40minutes.
7 Cook the lasagne in plenty of salted boiling water until tender.
Then drain well.
8 Place layers of meat, lasagne, béchamel sauce and cheese in a
1litre/2pint oven proof dish. Finish with a layer of cheese.
9 Bake at 190°C/375°F/Gas Mark 5 for 30minutes or until golden
and bubbling.
all in one cake mix
use the knife blade
150g (6oz) soft margarine
150g (6oz) caster sugar
150g (6oz) self raising flour
5mls (1tsp) baking powder
3 eggs
15mls (1tbsp) warm water
filling & decoration
3tbsp strawberry jam
150mls (
1
⁄4pt) double cream whipped (optional)
1tbsp icing sugar or caster sugar
1 Pre-heat the oven to 180°C/350°F/Gas mark 4 and grease two
18cm(7”) shallow cake tins.
2 Fit the knife blade. Place all the ingredients for the sponge in the
bowl and process for 5 seconds. Using a spatula, scrape the
mixture into the centre of the bowl and process for a further 5
seconds.
3 Pour the mixture into the prepared tins and bake for 20-
25minutes or until firm to a light touch and coming away from
the edges slightly. If you are unsure whether the cake is cooked
insert a thin skewer in the centre and it should come out clean.
Turn out onto a wire cooling rack.
4 When cool spread the jam and cream over one of the cakes,
top with the other cake and sprinkle with the sugar.
16
white bread
use the dough tool
500g (1lb 2oz) strong white bread flour
5mls (1tsp) salt
15g (
1
⁄2oz) lard
15g (
1
⁄2oz) fresh yeast or 10mls (2tsp) dried yeast + 5mls (1tsp)
caster sugar.
300mls (11 fl oz) warm water, 100mls (3
1
⁄2 fl oz) boiling water to
200mls (7
1
⁄2 fl oz) cold water
1 Dried yeast (the type that needs reconstituting): Add
the yeast and sugar to the warm water. Leave to stand for 5 - 10
minutes until frothy.
Fresh yeast: crumble into the flour
Other types of yeast: follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
2 Fit the dough tool or knife blade and add the flour (with fresh
yeast if used), salt and lard. Process for a few seconds to evenly
distribute the ingredients.
3 Then with the motor running quickly pour the liquid in a steady
stream down the feed tube until the mixture forms an elastic soft
dough. This will take about 60 seconds.
4 Remove the dough, place in a bowl, cover with an oiled piece of
clingfilm or a plastic bag, and leave in a warm place for 45 - 60
minutes or until doubled in size.
5 Re-knead by hand for 2-3 minutes. Re-kneading in the bowl is
not recommended as it may cause the processor to become
unstable. Shape into a loaf or rolls and place on greased baking
trays and leave until double in size.
6 Then bake in a pre-heated oven at 230°C/450°F/Gas mark 8 for
20 - 25 minutes for the loaf or 10 - 15 minutes for bread rolls.
When ready they should sound hollow when tapped on the
base.
fruit crumble topping mix
70g whole blanched almonds
70g whole hazelnuts
crumble mix
100g (4oz) butter or block margarine
200g (8oz) plain flour
200g (8oz) caster sugar
900g (2lb) prepared fruit (sliced apples, rhubarb etc)
1 Place the nuts in the multi-mill and process for 5 seconds using
pulse.
2 Place the butter and flour into the main bowl and process until
the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. Add 50g sugar and
the chopped nuts and pulse for a few seconds to stir in.
3 Place half the fruit in a 2 litres (4 pints) pie dish and sprinkle over
the remaining sugar and top with the rest of the fruit.
4 Spoon the crumble mix over the fruit and press down lightly.
5 Bake in the oven at 200°C (400°F) or Gas Mark 6 for
approx.45minutes.
peach fruit fool
use the blender, dual whisk & folding tool
300g (12oz) whipping cream
200g (8oz) tinned peach slices (drained)
1 Put the peach slices in the blender and process on maximum
speed until a smooth puree achieved.
Dual Whisk
2 Use the whisk to whip the cream on Auto for approx. 30 - 40
seconds or until the mix starts to form soft peaks.
Folding tool
3 Remove the whisk and fit the folding tool, then add the peach
puree. Fold the puree through on low speed (1 – 2) for approx.
60 seconds.
●
For best results after approx. 30 seconds use the spatula to
loosen any unmixed ingredients from the side of the bowl. Place
in the fridge to set for at least 2 hours.
Variations: substitute the peach slices for any other soft pureed
fruit
meringues
use the dual whisk & folding tool
4 egg whites (medium sized)
200g (8oz) caster sugar
Dual whisk
1 Whisk the egg whites at high speed until stiff.
2 Add half the sugar and continue to whisk until the mixture is
glossy.
Folding tool
3 Remove the whisk, fit folding tool and fold in the remaining sugar
using
speed 2.
4 Pipe the mixture onto trays lined with non-stick baking paper.
5 Bake in a pre-heated oven at 110°C/225°F/Gas mark
1
⁄4 for
about 4 - 5 hours until firm and crisp. If they start to brown,
leave the door slightly ajar.
17
chocolate mousse
(6 X 150mls servings)
use the dual whisk & folding tool
200g (7oz) dark chocolate (75% cocoa solids)
60mls (2 fl oz) warm water
3 large eggs (separated)
40g (1 ½ oz) caster sugar
1 Place the water in a large heatproof bowl sitting over a saucepan
of simmering water. Break the chocolate into small pieces and
place in the bowl with the warm water to melt slowly. Remove
from the heat and stir to ensure smooth and glossy. Allow the
chocolate to cool for 2-3 minutes and then stir in the egg yolks.
Dual Whisk
2 Place the egg whites in the bowl and use the dual whisk on Auto
to whisk until soft peaks form (approx. 30 - 45 seconds). Do not
over whisk.
3 Whisk in the sugar, adding a third at a time. Whisk until the egg
white mix looks glossy.
Folding tool
4 Add the folding tool into the bowl and pour the melted chocolate
gently over the egg white mix. Use low speed (speed 1 – 2) and
fold until the chocolate is incorporated (max 60 seconds) . DO
NOT overmix, any unprocessed mix should be gently folded in
by hand.
5 Divide the mix between the serving glasses, cover with cling film
and allow to chill in the fridge for at least 2 hours.
note
This mousse recipe uses raw eggs – ensure the eggs are fresh,
in date and have been stored in the fridge. People with weak
immunity or pregnant women should not eat raw eggs.
macaroons
(approx. 20 large or 40 small)
use the dual whisk & folding tool
3 egg whites (approx. 115g/4oz)
120g (4 ½ oz) caster sugar
140g (5oz) ground almonds
120g (4 ½ oz)icing sugar
2.5mls (½ tsp ) Vanilla extract
Dual Whisk
1 Place the egg whites in the bowl and use the dual whisk on Auto
to whisk until soft peaks form (approx. 60 seconds). Do not over
whisk.
2 Add the caster sugar a third at a time and mix on Auto until
mixture thick and glossy (approx. 30 seconds).
Folding tool
3 Remove the whisk and add the almonds, icing sugar and vanilla
extract to the bowl. Fit the folding tool and use speed 2 to fold
the mixture (approx. 60 seconds). DO NOT overmix, any
unprocessed mix should be gently folded in by hand.
4 Line two baking trays with silicone paper and pipe out the mix.
5 Bake in a preheated oven at 140°C/275°F/Gas 1 for 20 minutes
for the small macaroons and 45 minutes for the larger size. Allow
to cool for 10 minutes before carefully removing from the silicone
paper.
Variations: Chocolate – add 30g/1oz cocoa powder to the
ground almonds.
18
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«∞FKuÍ °AJq ¨Od Å∫O`.
Ë™OHW ¢u≠Od «∞DUÆW "ocE"ÆOb «{GDw´Kv“¸ßd´W«∞∑AGOq«∞∑KIUzOW"otuA"√Ë¢AGOq±H∑UÕ¢∫b¥b
«∞∑AGOq «∞ºd´U‹ £r ≈´Uœ¢t ≈∞v ±u{l ≈¥IU· «∞∑AGOq "O"ù¥IU·¢AGOqË™OHW¢u≠Od
«∞DUÆW "ocE".
≠w •U∞W ´b •q «∞LAJKW °U∞∫Ku‰ √´öÁ, ¢∫IIw ±s «∞LMBNd/ÆU©l «∞b«zd…
«∞JNd°UzOW ≠w «∞LMe‰.
∞s ¢FLq «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…. «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ¨Od ∞s ¢FLq «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ≠w •U∞W ¢dØO∂NU °AJq ¨Od Å∫O` ≠w
±FAIW °AJq Å∫O`. ±u{l ¢FAOo «∞IHq.
«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ¨Od ¢QØbÍ ±s ¸°j Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ °S•JU ≠w «∞u´U¡ «∞ªU’ °U∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W
±dØ∂W °AJq Å∫O`. «∞BGOd….
«∞LºOq ô ¢FLq «∞LºOq ¨Od ±dØV °AJq Å∫O`. ∞s ¥FLq «∞ªö◊ ≠w •U∞W «∞∑dØOV °AJq ¨Od Å∫O` ≠w ±u{l ¢FAOo «∞IHq.
∞r ¥∑r ¢dØOV «∞LºOq °U∞Dd¥IW ¢QØbÍ ±s ¸°j Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ °S•JU ≠w «∞b˸‚ «∞D∫s.
«∞B∫O∫W.
¥∑uÆn §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU √Ë ¢∂DQ ¢r ¢AGOq Ë™OHW «∞∫LU¥W {b √ËÆHw ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Ë«≠BKOt ´s ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w Ë«¢dØOt ∞O∂dœ ∞Lb… 51
ßd´∑t √£MU¡ «∞∑AGOq «∞∑∫LOq «∞e«zb. œÆOIW ¢Id¥∂UÎ.
≥MU„ ¢∫LOq “«zb √Ë ¢πUË“ ∞b¸§W ¸«§Fw §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ ∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv «∞ºFU‹ «∞IBuÈ «∞Lº∑ªb±W ≠w
«∞∫d«¸… «∞LºLuÕ °NU √£MU¡ ´LKOW ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
¢AGOq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
¢r ¢πUË“ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ «∞L∫bœ….
Ë™OHW «∞u“Ê
®U®W «∞Fd÷ £U°∑W ´Kv «∞u{l «∞JLOW «∞Lu“Ë≤W ÅGOd… §b«Î. «ß∑ªb±w ±IOU” ±KFIW ÅGOd… Ë ±KFIW Ø∂Od… ∞u“Ê
]----[ «∞JLOU‹ «∞BGOd…
¢r ¢GOOd «∞u“Ê ´Kv ®U®W «∞Fd÷ ¢r ¢∫d¥p Ë•b… «∞DUÆW √£MU¡ . ô ¢∫dØw «∞u•b… √£MU¡ «ôß∑ªb«Â.
«∞∑AGOq Æu±w °∑FOOs «∞BHd ´Kv ®U®W «∞Fd÷ Æ∂q Ë“Ê «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞∑U∞OW.
±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO rewoP" «∞∑AGOq «∞FUœÍ. ¢QØbÍ ±s ¢FAOo «_ÆHU‰ °AJq Å∫O`.
¥u±i °AJq ßd¥l ¥u±i «∞LR®d ≠w •U∞W ´bÂ
¢dØOV «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ
√Ë «∞ªö◊ ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW
(«∞Lu¢u¸) √Ë ≠w •U∞W ´b ¢dØOV
√Í ±s ≥cÁ «_§e«¡ °AJq Å∫O`
≠w ±u«{FNU.
±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO rewoP"«∞∑AGOq«∞FUœÍ. «{GDw´Kv“¸ßd´W«∞∑AGOq«∞∑KIUzOW"otuA"√Ë¢AGOq±H∑UÕ¢∫b¥b
¥u±i °AJq °Dw¡ ¢d„ §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ÆOb «∞ºd´U‹ £r ≈´Uœ¢t ≈∞v ±u{l ≈¥IU· «∞∑AGOq "O"ù¥IU·¢AGOqË™OHW¢u≠Od
«∞∑uÅOq °LBb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w «∞DUÆW "ocE"
œËÊ «ß∑ªb«±t ∞Lb… √©u‰ ±s 03
œÆOIW Ëœîq «∞πNU“ ≠w Ë{l
¢u≠Od «∞DUÆW "ocE".
«∞ªb±W ˸´U¥W «∞FLö¡
●
≠w •U∞W ¢Kn «∞ºKp «∞JNd°w, ¥πV «ß∑∂b«∞t _ß∂U» ±∑FKIW °U∞ºö±W
±s Æ∂q DOOWNEK √Ë ±dØe ÅOU≤W ±F∑Lb ±s Æ∂q DOOWNEK.
●
«–« Ë«§N∑r «¥W ±AUØq ≠w ¢AGOq «∞πNU“, ≠U∞d§U¡ ±d«§FW
œ∞Oq ¢∫dÍ «∞ªKq Ë«Åö•t «œ≤UÁ Æ∂q ©KV «∞LºU´b….
●
≈–« √¸œ‹ «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv ±ºU´b… °AQÊ:
●
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞πNU“ ´LKOU‹ ÅOU≤W Ë≈Åö•U‹
●
«¢BKw °U∞L∑πd «∞cÍ «®∑d¥∑w ±Mt «∞πNU“.
●
¢BLOr Ë¢Du¥d doowneK ≠w «∞LLKJW «∞L∑∫b….
●
ÅMl ≠w «∞BOs.
±FKu±U‹ ≥U±W •u‰ ØOHOW «∞∑ªKh «∞B∫O∫W ±s «∞LM∑Z Ë≠IU
∞∑u§Ot «ô¢∫Uœ «_˸˰w CE/69/2002.
≠w ≤NU¥W «∞FLd «∞∑AGOKw ∞KπNU“, ¥πV ´b «∞∑ªKh ±s «∞πNU“ ≠w ≤HU¥U‹
«∞LMU©o «∞∫Cd¥W.
°q ¥πV √îcÁ ≈∞v ±dØe ¢πLOl îU’ °πNW ±∫KOW ±∑ªBBW ≠w «∞∑ªKh
±s ≥cÁ «∞MHU¥U‹ √Ë ≈∞v ¢U§d ¥Ib ≥cÁ «∞ªb±W.
«∞∑ªKh ±s «_§Ne… «∞LMe∞OW ´Kv ≤∫u ±MHBq, ¥πMV «ü£U¸ «∞ºK∂OW
«∞L∫∑LKW ´Kv «∞∂OµW Ë«∞B∫W Ë«∞∑w ¢M∑Z ´s «∞∑ªKh ±s ≥cÁ «∞MHU¥U‹
°Dd¥IW ¨Od ±MUß∂W, ØLU √Ê ≥cÁ «∞FLKOW ¢ºL` °Uß∑dœ«œ «∞Lu«œ «∞LJu≤W
«_±d «∞cÍ ¥∑O` «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv Ë≠u¸«‹ Ø∂Od… ≠w ±πU‰ «∞DUÆW Ë«∞Lu«¸œ.
∞K∑cØOd °Cd˸… «∞∑ªKh ±s «_§Ne… «∞LMe∞OW ´Kv ≤∫u ±MHBq, ¥u§b
´Kv «∞πNU“ Åu¸… ±ADu°W ∞ºKW ÆLU±W –«‹ ´πö‹.
13
8 •bœÍ otuA (¢AGOq ¢KIUzw) Ë«{GDw ´Kv «∞LJu≤U‹ °U∞∑ºUËÍ °u«ßDW
´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ - ¥∫c¸ Ë{l √ÅU°Fp œ«îq √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰
«∞DFUÂ. «≤∑Nw ±s ¢∫COd «∞JLOW «∞Lu{u´W °AJq ¢U Æ∂q ≈{U≠W ØLOW
√îdÈ.
●
°Fb ≈{U≠W ¬îd ÆDFW, «¢dØw «∞FBU¸… ¢FLq ∞Lb… 03 £U≤OW ≈{U≠OW
ôß∑ªö’ Øq «∞FBOd ±s «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O`.
«∞ºö±W
●
ô ¢º∑ªb±w «∞FBU¸… ≠w •U∞W ¢Kn «∞Ld®`.
●
«ß∑ªb±w ≠Ij ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞LeËœ… œ«îq ÅMbË‚ «∞∂Ol. ¥∫c¸
Ë{l √ÅU°Fp œ«îq √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹. «≠BKw «∞πNU“ ´s ±Bb¸
«∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w Æ∂q ≠p ≠∑∫W ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
●
Æ∂q ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ, √ËÆHw ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Ë«≤∑EdÍ •∑v ¥∑uÆn
«∞Ld®`.
≥UÂ
●
≈–« °b√‹ «∞FBU¸… ≠w «ô≥∑e«“, √ËÆHw ¢AGOKNU Ë√≠d¨w «∞KV ±s
«ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O`. (¢N∑e «∞FBU¸… ≠w •U∞W «∞∑u“¥l ¨Od «∞L∑ºUËÍ ∞KV).
●
«∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ∞K∑∫COd ≠w «∞Ld… «∞u«•b… ≥w 1 ØOKu¨d«Â ±s «∞HUØNW
√Ë «∞ªCd«Ë«‹ (¸«§Fw §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹).
●
°Fi √≤u«Ÿ «_©FLW «∞BK∂W Æb ¢º∂V °j¡ √Ë ¢uÆn «∞FBU¸…. ≈–« •bÀ
–∞p, √ËÆHw «∞∑AGOq Ë√“¥Kw «∞Ld®`.
●
√ËÆHw «∞∑AGOq Ë√≠d¨w ±πLl «∞KV °AJq œË¸Í √£MU¡ «ôß∑ªb«Â.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
Æ∂q «∞∑∫COd √“¥Kw «∞MuÈ Ë«∞∂c˸ ±s «∞LJu≤U‹ (±∏q «∞HKHq Ë«∞∂DOa
Ë«∞∂dÆu‚) Ë«∞IAd… «∞ªU¸§OW «∞BK∂W («∞∂DOa Ë«_≤U≤U”). ô ¢∫∑U§w
≈∞v ¢IAOd √Ë ≈“«∞W «∞∂c˸ ±s «∞∑HUÕ √Ë «∞JL∏dÈ.
●
«ß∑ªb±w ≠UØNW ËîCd«Ë«‹ ÅK∂W Ë©U“§W.
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √Ø∂d ØLOW ±s «∞FBOd, {Fw ØLOW ØLOU‹ ÅGOd… ≠w
«∞Ld… «∞u«•b… œ«îq √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ Ë«{GDw ´KONU °∂j¡.
●
≠w •U∞W «∞Lu«∞` - ÆAdÍ «∞Hu«Øt Ë√“¥Kw «∞KV Ë≈ô ßOB∂` ±c«‚
«∞FBOd ±d«Î. «ß∑ªb±w ´BU¸… «∞Lu«∞` ∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ.
ÅMbË‚ ¢ªe¥s «∞LK∫IU‹
§NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ±eËœ °BMbË‚ ∞∑ªe¥s «∞LK∫IU‹.
1 {Fw ≤Bq «∞ºJOs Ë«_Æd«’ œ«îq ÅMbË‚ «∞∑ªe¥s ≠w •U∞W ´bÂ
«ß∑ªb«±NU .
2 ÅMbË‚ «∞∑ªe¥s ±πNe °IHq √±UÊ - «ÆHKw «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ∞O∑r ÆHq
«∞BMbË‚ °Q±UÊ. ∞H∑` «∞BMbË‚, «{GDw ´Kv «∞KºUÊ ∞Kb«îq
Ë«¸≠Fw «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ .
«∞FMU¥W Ë«∞∑MEOn
●
√ËÆHw œ«zLUÎ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Ë«≠BKOt ´s ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w Æ∂q
«∞∑MEOn.
●
¢uîw «∞∫c¸ √£MU¡ «∞∑FU±q ±l «∞AHd«‹ Ë√ßD` «∞∑IDOl ≥cÁ
«_§e«¡ •Uœ… §b«Î.
●
Æb ¢R£d °Fi «ô¨c¥W ´Kv ∞uÊ «∞∂öß∑p. ≥c« «±d ©∂OFw ¢LU±U Ëô ¥Cd
°U∞∂öß∑p «Ë ¥R£d ´Kv ≤JNW «∞DFUÂ. «±º∫w «∞∂öß∑Op °ILU‘ ±GLu”
≠w “¥X ≤∂U¢w ù“«∞W ¢GOOd «∞KuÊ.
Ë•b… «∞DUÆW
●
¢Lº` °IDFW ÆLU‘ ¸©∂W, £r ¢πHn. ¢QØb ±s îKu ±MDIW «∞∑d«°j ±s
°IU¥U «∞DFUÂ.
●
ô ¢Iu±w °GLd Ë•b… «∞DUÆW ≠w «∞LU¡.
●
Æu±w °Kn «∞ºKp «∞e«zb ≠w ±JUÊ ¢ªe¥s «∞ºKp √ßHq Ë•b… «∞DUÆW .
«∞ªö◊ Ë«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…
1 √≠d¨w «∞b˸‚/«∞u´U¡ Ë≠Jw Ë≠Jw Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ ´s ©d¥INU ∞HNU •∑v
±u{l «∞H∑` Ë–∞p ∞∑∫d¥d≥U.
2 «¨ºKw «∞b˸‚/«∞u´U¡ Ë≠Jw ¥bË¥UÎ.
3 √“¥Kw •KIU‹ «ù•JU ˫¨ºKONU.
4 ô ¢KLºw «∞AHd«‹ «∞∫Uœ… - Æu±w °∑MEOn «∞AHd«‹ °u«ßDW «∞Hd«®U…
°Uß∑ªb«Â ±U¡ ßUîs ËÅU°uÊ, £r Æu±w °ADHNU §Ob«Î ¢∫X «∞BM∂u¸.
ô ¢Iu±w °GLd Ë•b «∞AHd«‹ ≠w «∞LU¡.
5 «¢dØONU ¢πn ≠w Ë{l ±IKu».
±Cd» «∞∂Oi «∞∏MUzw
●
«≠BKw –¸«´w «∞ªHo ±s ¸√” «∞L∫d„ °Ab≥LU °d≠o ≤∫u «∞ªU¸Ã.
«¨ºKONLU °U∞LU¡ «∞b«≠T Ë«∞BU°uÊ.
●
«±º∫w ¸√” «∞L∫d„ °IDFW ÆLU‘ ¸©∂W, £r ¢πHOHNU. ô ¢GLdÍ ¸√”
«∞L∫d„ ≠w «∞LU¡.
√œ«… «∞Dw
●
≠Jw «∞LCd» ±s ¸√” «∞L∫d„ ±s îö‰ «∞CGj ´Kv “¸ «∞∑∫d¥d .
«¨ºKOt °U∞LU¡ «∞b«≠T Ë«∞BU°uÊ.
●
«±º∫w ¸√” «∞L∫d„ °IDFW ÆLU‘ ¸©∂W, £r §HHONU. ô ¢GLdÍ ¸√”
«∞L∫d„ ≠w «∞LU¡.
´BU¸… «∞Ddœ «∞LdØeÍ
●
®Hd«‹ «∞∑IDOl «∞Lu§uœ… ≠w ÆU´b… «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O` •Uœ… §b«Î,
¢uîw «∞∫c¸ ´Mb «∞∑FU±q ±l «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O` Ë¢MEOHNU.
●
Æb ¢R£d °Fi «ô¨c¥W ´Kv ∞uÊ «∞∂öß∑p. ≥c« «±d ©∂OFw ¢LU±U Ëô ¥Cd
°U∞∂öß∑p «Ë ¥R£d ´Kv ≤JNW «∞DFUÂ. «±º∫w «∞∂öß∑Op °ILU‘ ±GLu”
≠w “¥X ≤∂U¢w ù“«∞W ¢GOOd «∞KuÊ.
±∫u‰ ±∫u¸ œË¸«Ê «∞FBU¸…
●
±º` °IDFW ÆLU‘ ¸©∂W £r «∞∑πHOn.
●
ô ¢GLdÍ «∞L∫u‰ ≠w «∞LU¡.
§LOl «ô§e«¡ «ôîdÈ
●
¢Gºq °U∞Ob £r ¢πHn.
●
•OY √≤t ±s «ü±s ¨ºq ≥cÁ «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠w ¨ºU∞W «_©∂U‚ ≠∂Dd¥IW √îdÈ
¥LJs ¨ºKNU ´Kv «∞d· «∞FKuÍ ≠w ¨ºU∞W «_©∂U‚. ¢πM∂w Ë{l
«∞FMUÅd ´Kv «∞d· «∞ºHKw ±∂U®d… ≠u‚ ´MBd «∞∑ºªOs. ¥uÅv
°Uß∑ªb«Â °d≤U±Z ÆBOd ±l œ¸§W •d«¸… ±MªHCW (05 œ¸§W ±µu¥W
Ø∫b √ÆBv).
dl
cq
cr
cs
ct
bk
03
«∞FMBd «∞FMUÅd
«∞LMUß∂W
∞KGºOq
œ«îq ¨ºU∞W
«_©∂U‚
«∞ºKDU≤OW «∞dzOºOW, «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd…, «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ,
´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹
ßJOs «∞∑IDOl, √œ«… «∞FπOs
±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê
«_Æd«’
Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ
–¸«´w «∞ªHo/±Cd» √œ«… «∞Dw
ô¢GLd͸√”«∞L∫d„≠w«∞LU¡.
œË¸‚ «∞ªö◊, «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ, ≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW
Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ Ë•KIW «ù•JU «∞ªUÅW °U∞ªö◊
Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ Ë•KIW «ù•JU «∞ªUÅW °U∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W
«∞BGOd…
Ë´U¡ «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…
´BU¸… ±u«∞`
±º∑ªKh «∞FBOd «∞LFb≤w
±∫u‰ ±∫u¸ œË¸«Ê «∞FBU¸…
±IADW
✔
✔
✘
✔
✔
✔
✔
✘
✘
✔
✔
✔
✘
✔
«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq
´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±w «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ∞∑∫COd «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞πU≠W ±∏q
«∞LJºd«‹ Ë•∂u» «∞INu… ØLU √≤NU ±MUß∂W √¥CUÎ ∞∑∫COd «∞Fb¥b ±s
«∞∑u«°q ±∏q: -
•∂u» «∞HKHq «_ßuœ Ë°c˸ «∞NOq Ë°c˸ «∞JLuÊ Ë°c˸ «∞Je°d… Ë°c˸
«∞ALd… ˧c˸ «∞e≤π∂Oq «∞DU“§W ËÆdËÊ «∞HKHq «∞∫U¸.
a •KIW ≈•JU «ù¨ö‚
b Ë•b… «∞AHd…
c Ë´U¡ «∞D∫s «∞e§U§w
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…
1 {Fw «∞LJu≤U‹ œ«îq Ë´U¡ «∞D∫s. ô ¢LKµw «∞u´U¡ °LU ¥e¥b ´Kv
«∞MBn.
2 ¸Ø∂w •KIW «ù•JU ≠w Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹.
3 √±ºJw «∞πU≤V «∞ºHKw ∞u•b… «∞AHd«‹ ˸Ø∂w «∞AHd«‹ œ«îq Ë´U¡
«∞D∫s - £r √œ¥d¥t ≠w «¢πUÁ ´Jf ´IU¸» «∞ºU´W ù•JU «∞IHq .
4 {Fw «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) £r ∞HONU
≠w «¢πUÁ ´IU¸» «∞ºU´W •∑v ¢º∑Id ≠w ±u{l «∞∑FAOo .
5 «ß∑ªb±w “¸ «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzw "otuA" √Ë •bœÍ «∞ºd´W «∞LDKu°W (¸«§Fw
§bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU).
∞ºö±∑p
●
ô ¢dØ∂w Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ ≠w «∞πNU“ °bËÊ ¢dØOV Ë´U¡ «∞D∫s.
●
¥∫c¸ ≠p Ë´U¡ «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… √£MU¡ ¢dØO∂NU ≠w «∞πNU“.
●
ô ¢KLºw «∞AHd«‹ «∞∫Uœ…. «°Iw ´Kv «_©HU‰ °FOb«Î ´s Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹.
●
¥∫c¸ ≈“«∞W «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… Æ∂q ¢uÆn «∞AHd«‹ ´s «∞∫dØW
¢LU±UÎ.
●
∞CLUÊ «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv ´Ld ¢AGOKw ©u¥q ∞KIDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…, ô
¢AGKONU ∞H∑d… ±º∑Ld… √©u‰ ±s 06 £U≤OW. √ËÆHw ¢AGOKNU °Lπdœ
•Bu∞p ´Kv «∞Iu«Â «∞LDKu».
●
∞s ¥FLq «∞πNU“ ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… °AJq ¨Od
Å∫O`.
●
ô ¢∫CdÍ §c˸ «∞JdØr °u«ßDW «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… •OY √≤NU
ÅK∂W §b«Î ËÆb ¢∑Kn «∞AHd«‹.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv «_œ«¡ «_±∏q ´Mb ¢∫COd «∞∑u«°q ≤MB∫p °Fb ¢∫COd
√Ø∏d ±s 001 ¨d«Â ±s «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠w «∞Ld… «∞u«•b… œ«îq
«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd….
●
¢∫∑Hk ÆdËÊ «∞∑u«°q «∞JU±q °MJN∑NU ≠∑d… “±MOW √©u‰ ±s «∞∑u«°q
«∞LD∫u≤W ∞c∞p ≠Ls «_≠Cq ©∫s ØLOW ÅGOd… ±s ÆdËÊ «∞∑u«°q «∞JU±KW
ôß∑ªb«±NU Ë–∞p ∞ö•∑HUÿ °U∞MJNW.
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √ÆBv ≤JNW Ë“¥u‹ √ßUßOW ±s ÆdËÊ «∞∑u«°q «∞JU±KW ≠Ls
«_≠Cq ¢∫LOh «∞∑u«°q Æ∂q ©∫MNU.
●
ÆDFw «∞e≤π∂Oq ≈∞v ÆDl ÅGOd… Æ∂q ¢∫COdÁ.
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ ≤MB∫p °Uß∑ªb«Â Ë´U¡ «∞D∫s «∞BGOd ´Mb
≠d «_´AU».
«∞FBU¸… (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±w «∞FBU¸… ∞∑∫COd «∞FBOd ±s «∞Lu«∞` (±∏q «∞∂d¢IU‰
Ë«∞KOLuÊ Ë«∞KOLuÊ «∞∫LCw Ë«∞πd¥V ≠dË‹).
a ±ªdË◊ «∞FBd
b «∞LBHU…
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞FBU¸…
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 ¸Ø∂w «∞LBHU… ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW - ¢QØbÍ ±s «ß∑Id«¸ ±I∂i «∞LBHU… ≠w
±u«{Ft ±∂U®d… ´Kv ±I∂i «∞ºKDU≤OW .
3 ¸Ø∂w ±ªdË◊ «∞FBd ´Kv ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë√œ¥d¥t •∑v ¥º∑Id ¢LU±UÎ ≠w
«∞IUŸ .
4 ÆDFw £LU¸ «∞Hu«Øt ≈∞v ≤BHOs. £r ®GKw «∞πNU“ Ë«{GDw «∞HUØNW ´Kv
±ªdË◊ «∞FBd.
●
∞s ¢FLq «∞FBU¸… ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞LBHU… °AJq ¨Od Å∫O`.
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ, îe≤w «∞HUØNW Ë«´Bd¥NU ≠w œ¸§W
•d«¸… «∞Gd≠W, √¥CUÎ ∞OMw «∞HUØNW Æ∂q ´Bd≥U ´s ©d¥o œ•d§∑NU ´Kv
ßD` ±MCb… «∞FLq ±l «∞CGj ´KONU °d«•W ØHp.
●
∞KLºU´b… ≠w «ß∑ªö’ «∞FBOd, •dØw «∞HUØNW ±s §U≤V üîd √£MU¡
«∞FBd.
●
´Mb ´Bd ØLOW Ø∂Od… ±s «∞HUØNW, √≠d¨w «∞LBHU… °U≤∑EU ∞∑πMV ¢d«Ør
∞V Ë°c˸ «∞HUØNW.
±º∑ªKh «∞FBOd «∞LFb≤w (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U
œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±w ´BU¸… «∞Ddœ «∞LdØeÍ ∞∑∫COd «∞FBOd ±s «∞HUØNW
Ë«∞ªCd«Ë«‹ «∞BK∂W.
a ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹
b ¨DU¡
c ±e¥q «∞KV
d «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O`
e «∞ºKDU≤OW
f ≠∑∫W ¢b≠o «∞FBOd
g ±∫u‰ ±∫u¸ œË¸«Ê «∞FBU¸…
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞FBU¸…
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u‰ ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) - «œ≠FOt
_ßHq °d≠o ∞K∑QØb ±s «¸¢∂U◊ «∞L∫u‰ ±l Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) °AJq
ØU±q.
2 £r ¸Ø∂w «∞ºKDU≤OW. {Fw «∞LI∂i ≠w «ô¢πUÁ ∞KªKn £r √œ¥d¥t ≠w
«¢πUÁ ´IU» «∞ºU´W •∑v ¥º∑Id ≠w ±u{l «∞∑FAOo .
3 {Fw ±e¥q «∞KV °b«îq «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O` - ¢QØbÍ ±s «ß∑Id«¸
«_©d«· ≠w «∞H∑∫U‹ «∞Lu§uœ… ≠w √ßHq «ôßDu«≤W .
4 ¸Ø∂w «ßDu«≤W «∞∑d®O` .
5 {Fw «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ∞KLK∫o ´Kv «∞ºKDU≤OW £r ∞HOt •∑v ¥º∑Id ≠w
±u{l «∞∑FAOo ±l ¢u§Ot ≠∑∫W ≈œîU‰ «∞DFU √´Kv «∞LI∂i . ∞s
¢FLq «∞FBU¸… ≠w •U∞W ´b ¢dØOV «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞GDU¡
«∞FKuÍ °Dd¥IW Å∫O∫W ≠w ±u{l «∞∑FAOo.
6 {Fw Øu°UÎ √Ë Ë´U¡Î ±MUß∂UÎ ¢∫X ≠∑∫W ¢b≠o «∞FBOd.
7 ÆDFw «∞LJu≤U‹ •∑v ¥LJs ≈œîU∞NU ´∂d √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
dr
br
bs
ds
bt
ck
dt
cl
cm
cn
co
cp
92
√Æd«’ «∞∑IDOl/«∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad)
√Æd«’ «∞∑IDOl - 4±r , 2±r
«ß∑ªb±w §U≤V «∞∑IDOl ±l «∞π∂s Ë«∞πe¸ Ë«∞∂DU©f Ë«∞Jd≤V Ë«∞ªOU¸
Ë«∞JußW Ë«∞∂Mπd Ë«∞∂Bq.
√Æd«’ «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad) - 4±r , 2 ±r
«ß∑ªb±w §U≤V «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w ±l «∞π∂s
Ë«∞πe¸ Ë«∞∂DU©f Ë«_©FLW «∞∑w ∞NU ≤Hf –∞p «∞Iu«Â.
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad) «∞MU´r (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U
œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
¥º∑ªb ≠w °Ad §∂s «∞∂U¸±Oe«Ê Ë«∞∂DU©f ∞∑∫COd ≠DUzd «∞∂DU©f
«_∞LU≤OW.
Æd’ ¢IDOl √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u…
«∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±Ot ∞∑IDOl «∞∂DU©f ≈∞v √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW √Ë ±∂Au¸ îAs ∞∑∫COd
«∞dËß∑w Ë«∞∂DU©f «∞LAu•W ˱d‚ “¥MW «∞ªCdË«‹.
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞∑πLOKw (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u…
«∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±Ot ∞∑IDOl «∞∂DU©f Ë«∞πe¸ Ë«∞ªOU¸ Ë«_©FLW –«‹ ≤Hf «∞Iu«Â
≈∞v ®d«z` ±ªbœ….
Æd’ «_ÅU°l «∞d≠OFW (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u…
«∞∂Ol)
∞∑IDOl «∞∂DU©f ≠w Åu¸… √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW ˱Ju≤U‹ «∞ªCU¸ «∞ºu¢Ot
Ë«∞LGLußU‹ (±∏q «∞ªOU¸ Ë«∞∑HUÕ Ë«∞JL∏dÈ).
∞ºö±∑p
●
¥∫c¸ ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Æ∂q ¢uÆn √ßD` «∞∑IDOl ¢LU±UÎ.
●
¢uîw «∞∫c¸ √£MU¡ «∞∑FU±q ±l ßD` «∞∑IDOl - √ßD`
«∞∑IDOl •Uœ… §b«Î
●
ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ∞KºKDU≤OW - ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW
«∞IBuÈ «∞LAU¸ ≈∞ONU ´Kv «∞ºKDU≤OW.
«ß∑ªb«Â √ßD` «∞∑IDOl
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 «±ºJw ßD` «∞∑IDOl ±s «∞LI∂i «∞LdØeÍ £r {Fw «∞ºD` ´Kv
±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ±l ¢u§Ot «∞ºD` «∞Lözr _´Kv .
3 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
4 √œîKw «∞DFU ±s îö‰ √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
«î∑U¸Í •πr √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞DFU «∞cÍ ¢d¥b¥s «ß∑ªb«±t. ¢∑CLs
±πLu´W ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ √≤∂u» ¢Gc¥W ÅGOd ùœîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹
«∞d≠OFW √Ë «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠w Åu¸… ≠dœ¥W ´Kv •b….
ôß∑ªb«Â √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞BGOd - ¸Ø∂w √ËôÎ ´BU œ≠l
«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞J∂Od… œ«îq √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
ôß∑ªb«Â √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Fd¥i - ¸Ø∂w ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹
«∞BGOd… œ«îq ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Fd¥CW Ë∞HONU ≠w «¢πUÁ ´IU¸»
«∞ºU´W ∞∑º∑Id ≠w ±u{l «∞IHq.
ô ¢LKµw √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠u‚ «∞Lº∑uÈ «_ÆBv «∞L∫bœ •OY ∞s
¥FLq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ≈ô ±l ¢dØOV ´BU œ≠l «∞DFU «∞ªUÅW
°Q≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Fd¥i °AJq Å∫O`.
5 ®GKw «∞πNU“ ±l œ≠l «∞DFU °U∞∑ºUËÍ °u«ßDW ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ -
«•c¸Í Ë{l √ÅU°Fp œ«îq ≠∑∫W ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
«ß∑ªb±w ±Ju≤U‹ ©U“§W.
●
ô ¢IDFw «∞DFU ≈∞v ÆDl ÅGOd… §b«Î. «§FKw ´d÷ (±IDl) √≤∂u»
≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ ±L∑KT °AJq ±∑ºUË. ¥∫u‰ –∞p œËÊ «≤eô‚ «∞DFU ´Kv
«∞πu«≤V √£MU¡ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ. °Dd¥IW √îdÍ, ¥LJMp «ß∑ªb«Â √≤∂u»
≈œîU‰ «∞DFU «∞BGOd.
●
´Mb «ß∑ªb«Â ßD` ¢IDOl √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW, {Fw «∞LJu≤U‹ °AJq √≠Iw.
●
´Mb «∞∑IDOl √Ë «∞∂Ad: «∞DFU «∞Lu{uŸ °AJq ¸√ßw ¥ªdà ÆBOd«Î
´s «∞DFU «∞Lu{uŸ °AJq √≠Iw .
●
«∞DFU «∞Lu{uŸ °AJq ¸√ßw ¥ªdà ÆBOd«Î ´s «∞DFU «∞Lu{uŸ
°AJq √≠Iw.
●
¢∂Iv ≥MU„ œ«zLUÎ ØLOW ÅGOd… ±s «∞HCö‹ ´Kv ßD` «∞∑IDOl √Ë ≠w
«∞ºKDU≤OW °Fb ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
«∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… Ë«∞AHd«‹ (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U
œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«ß∑ªb±w Ë´U¡ ¢∫COd «∞DFU «∞BGOd ∞∑IDOl «_´AU» Ë¢∫COd
ØLOU‹ ÅGOd… ±s «∞DFU ˱∏U‰ ´Kv –∞p, «∞K∫r Ë«∞∂Bq Ë«∞∂Mb‚
Ë«∞LU¥u≤Oe Ë«∞ªCd«Ë«‹ Ë«∞LFπMU‹ Ë«∞BKBU‹ ˨c«¡ «_©HU‰.
ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ∞KºKDU≤OW.
a «∞ºJOs «∞BGOd
b «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd…
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… Ë«∞ºJOs «∞BGOd
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 ¸Ø∂w «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… ´Kv ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê - ¢QØbÍ √Ê «∞LIU©l
«∞LIBuÅW ¢∑∫U–È ±l √∞ºMW «ôß∑Id«¸ ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞dzOºOW.
±ö•EW: ô ¥LJs ¢dØOV «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ «∞ªU’ °U∞ºKDU≤OW «∞dzOºOW
≠w •U∞W ´b ¢dØOV «∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… °AJq Å∫O`.
3 {Fw ßJOs «∞∑IDOl ´Kv ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê .
4 {Fw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Ld«œ ¢∫COd≥U.
5 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Ë®GKw «∞πNU“.
∞ºö±∑p
●
¥∫c¸ ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Æ∂q ¢uÆn ßJOs «∞∑IDOl ¢LU±UÎ.
●
ßJOs «∞∑IDOl •Uœ §b«Î - ¢uîv «∞∫c¸ œ«zLUÎ ´Mb «∞∑FU±q ±Ft.
≥UÂ
●
ô ¢Iu±w °∑∫COd «∞∑u«°q - ≠Ib ¢R–Í «∞∂öß∑Op.
●
ô ¢Iu±w °∑∫COd «∞DFU «∞BKV ±∏q •∂u» «∞INu… ˱JF∂U‹ «∞∏KZ √Ë
«∞AJuô¢t - ≠Ib ¥∑Kn ßJOs «∞∑IDOl.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
¥LJs «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ ´Mb ≠d «_´AU» «∞MEOHW Ë«∞πU≠W.
●
√{OHw œ«zLUÎ ØLOW ÆKOKW ±s «∞ºUzq ´Mb îKj ±Ju≤U‹ ßU°IW «∞DNw ´Mb
¢∫COd ¨c«¡ «_©HU‰.
●
ÆDFw «∞DFU ±∏q «∞K∫r √Ë «∞ª∂e √Ë «∞ªCd«Ë«‹ ≈∞v ±JF∂U‹ °∫πr
¢Id¥∂w 1-2 ßr Æ∂q «∞∑∫COd.
●
´Mb ¢∫COd «∞LU¥u≤Oe √{OHw «∞e¥X ±s îö‰ √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞DFUÂ.
crcs
ctdk
dm
dn
do
dp
bm
bn
bo
dq
bp
bq
82
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞LK∫IU‹
¸«§Fw §bˉ ßd´U‹ «∞∑AGOq «∞LuÅv °NU ∞Jq ±K∫o.
ßJOs «∞∑IDOl
¥F∑∂d ßJOs «∞∑IDOl √Ø∏d «∞LK∫IU‹ ±s •OY ¢Fbœ¥W «ôß∑ªb«Â. ¢∫bœ
©u‰ ≠∑d… «∞∑AGOq «∞Iu«Â «∞MU¢Z.
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv Æu«Â îAs, «ß∑ªb±w Ë{l «∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw.
«ß∑ªb±w ßJOs «∞∑IDOl ∞∑∫COd «∞JOp Ë«∞LFπMU‹ √Ë ≠d «∞K∫r «∞ªUÂ
√Ë «∞LDNw, «ß∑ªb±Ot √¥CUÎ ∞∑∫COd «∞ªCd«Ë«‹ Ë«∞LJºd«‹
Ë«∞HDUzd Ë«∞LGLußU‹ Ë«∞∫ºU¡ «∞LNdË” Ë√¥CUÎ ∞∑∫COd غd
«∞∂ºJu¥X Ë«∞ª∂e.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
ÆDFw «∞DFU ±∏q «∞K∫r √Ë «∞ª∂e √Ë «∞ªCd«Ë«‹ ≈∞v ±JF∂U‹ °∫πr
¢Id¥∂w 2 ßr Æ∂q «∞∑∫COd.
●
¥πV ¢JºOd «∞∂ºJu¥X ≈∞v ÆDl ÅGOd… Ë≈{U≠∑t ´s ©d¥o ¨DU¡ √≤∂u»
≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ √£MU¡ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“.
●
´Mb ¢∫COd «∞LFπMU‹ «ß∑ªb±w «∞b≥uÊ ±∂U®d… ±s «∞LπLb ±l
¢IDOFNU ≠w Åu¸… ±JF∂U‹ °∫πr ¢Id¥∂w 2ßr.
●
¢uîw «∞∫c¸ •∑v ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞H∑d… «∞LDKu°W ∞∑∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
√œ«… «∞FπOs
¢º∑ªb ±l îKDU‹ «∞FπOs «∞LªLd….
●
{Fw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞BK∂W ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW Ë√{OHw «∞ºUzq ´s ©d¥o √≤∂u»
≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ √£MU¡ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“. «ß∑LdÍ ≠w «∞∑AGOq •∑v ¢JuÊ
Ød«‹ ∞b≤W ±s «∞FπOs, ¢º∑Gd‚ ≥cÁ «∞FLKOW ≤∫u 06 £U≤OW.
●
√´ObÍ «∞Fπs °Ob¥p ≠Ij. ¨Od ±MBuÕ °S´Uœ… «∞Fπs ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW
•OY Æb ¥RœÍ –∞p ≈∞v ´b «ß∑Id«¸ §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
îHUÆW «∞∂Oi «∞∏MUzOW
¥º∑ªb ∞KªKDU‹ «∞ªHOHW ≠Ij ±∏q °OU÷ «∞∂Oi √Ë «∞IAb… √Ë «∞∫KOV
«∞LπHn Ë√¥CUÎ ∞ªHo «∞∂Oi Ë«∞ºJd ∞∑∫COd «∞JOp «ùßHMπw «∞ªU∞w
±s «∞bßr. ¢∑º∂V «∞ªKDU‹ «∞J∏OHW ±∏q «∞b≥uÊ Ë«∞bÆOo ≠w ¢Kn
±Cd» «∞∂Oi «∞∏MUzw.
«ß∑ªb«Â ±Cd» «∞∂Oi
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 «œ≠Fw Øq ±Cd» °S•JU œ«îq ¸√” «∞L∫d„.
3 ¸Ø∂w ±Cd» «∞∂Oi ±s îö‰ ∞Ht °∫c¸ •∑v ¥ºIj ´Kv ±∫u¸
«∞b˸«Ê.
4 √{OHw «∞LJu≤U‹.
5 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ - ±l «∞∑QØb ±s «ß∑Id«¸ ©d· ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ≠w
±dØe «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
6 ®GKw «∞πNU“.
≥UÂ
l ±Cd» «∞∂Oi ¨Od ±MUßV ∞öß∑ªb«Â ±l îKDU‹ «∞JFJU‹ «∞πU≥e…
•OY √Ê Æu«Â ≥cÁ «∞JFJU‹ £ªOs Ëßu· ¥∑º∂V ≠w ¢Kn «∞LCd».
«ß∑ªb±w œ«zLUÎ ≤Bq «∞ºJOs.
¢KLO∫U‹
●
¥LJMp «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ ´Mb±U ¢JuÊ œ¸§W •d«¸… «∞∂Oi
≥w ≤Hf œ¸§W •d«¸… «∞Gd≠W.
●
¢QØbÍ ±s ≤EU≠W «∞ºKDU≤OW ˱Cd» «∞∂Oi Ë´b ˧uœ √Í œ≥uÊ Æ∂q
«∞ªHo.
●
«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞∏ªOMW ±∏q «∞bÆOo Ë«∞Hu«Øt «∞LπHHW ¥πV ≠dØNU °U∞Ob ∞∑B∂`
©d¥W.
●
ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFU‹ «∞IBuÈ «∞LuÅv °NU √Ë ≠∑d«‹ «∞LFU∞πW «∞L∫bœ…
≠w §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU.
√œ«… «∞Dw
«ß∑ªb±w √œ«… «∞Dw ∞ªKj «∞LJu≤U‹ îHOHW «∞Iu«Â ±l «∞LJu≤U‹ £ªOMW
«∞Iu«Â ∞∑∫COd «∞Ld≤m Ë«∞Lu” ˱NdË” «∞Hu«Øt ±l «∞Jd¥LW.
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 «œ≠Fw «∞LCd» °S•JU œ«îq ¸√” «∞L∫d„.
3 ¸Ø∂w √œ«… «∞Dw ´s ©d¥o ∞HNU °∫c¸ •∑v ¢ºIj ≠u‚ ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê.
4 √{OHw «∞LJu≤U‹.
5 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ - ±l «∞∑QØb ±s «ß∑Id«¸ ©d· ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ≠w
±dØe «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
6 «î∑U¸Í ßd´W °DOµW («∞ºd´W 1 - 2).
ù“«∞W «∞LCd»
≠Jw «∞LCd» ±s ¸√” «∞L∫d„ ±s îö‰ «∞CGj ´Kv “¸ «∞∑∫d¥d .
¢KLO∫U‹
●
ô ¢º∑ªb±w «∞ºd´W «∞∑KIUzOW (otuA) √Ë ßd´W ´U∞OW •OY ¥∑DKV
«ß∑ªb«Â ßd´W °DOµW ∞∑∫ºOs ´LKOW «∞Dw.
●
∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ, ô ¢e¥bÍ ≠w îHi °OU÷ «∞∂Oi √Ë
«∞IAb… - ∞s ¢º∑DOl √œ«… «∞Dw «∞ªKj °AJq §Ob ≈–« √Å∂` «∞ªKOj
ÅK∂UÎ.
●
ô ¢ªKDw «∞ªKDU‹ °Qœ«… «∞Dw ∞H∑d… √©u‰ ±s «∞LAU¸ ≈∞ONU ≠w §bˉ
«∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU •OY ßO∑ºd» «∞Nu«¡ ≈∞v «∞ªU¸Ã Ë¥B∂`
«∞ªKOj ßUzöÎ.
●
√¥W ±Ju≤U‹ ´U∞IW ´Kv «∞LCd» √Ë §u«≤V «∞ºKDU≤OW ¥πV ØADNU °∫c¸
°Uß∑ªb«Â «∞LKFIW «∞∂öß∑OJOW ËîKDNU ±l «∞ªKOj.
Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ
´Mb îKj «∞ºu«zq, «ß∑ªb±w Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ±l ßJOs «∞∑IDOl.
¢∑O` ∞p «∞u•b… “¥Uœ… ßFW «∞∑∫COd ±s 4.1 ∞∑d ≈∞v 2 ∞∑d, ØLU √≤NU
¢LMl «∞∑ºd» Ë¢∫ºs √œ«¡ «∞Hd ∞ºJOs «∞∑IDOl.
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w Ë•b… «∞DUÆW.
2 ¸Ø∂w ßJOs «∞∑IDOl.
3 {Fw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Ld«œ ¢∫COd≥U.
4 ¸Ø∂w Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ´Kv ÆLW ≤Bq «∞ºJOs Ë¢QØbÍ ±s
«ß∑Id«¸≥U ´Kv «∞∫U≠W «∞Lu§uœ… œ«îq «∞ºKDU≤OW . ô ¢CGDw
´Kv Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ _ßHq.
5 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Ë®GKw «∞πNU“.
cm
cn
co
8
cp
9
bk
cq
bl
72
62
§bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU
«_œ«…/«∞LK∫o «∞u™OHW «∞ºd´W“±s «∞ºFU‹«∞IBuÈ
«∞LuÅv °NU «∞LFU∞πW
❋
❋
«∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… «∞K∫u 8 02 £U≤OW + ¢AGOq 005⁄ ∞∫r °IdÍ ©dÍ
Ë«∞AHd«‹ ≤∂Cw
≠d «_´AU» 8 03 £U≤OW 02⁄
≠d «∞LJºd«‹ 8 03 £U≤OW 001⁄
«∞LU¥u≤Oe 8 03 £U≤OW2 °OCU‹
003⁄ “¥X
«∞LNdËßU‹ 8 03 £U≤OW 002⁄
«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ¢∫COd «∞Fb¥b ±s «∞∑u«°q 8 03 ≈∞v 06 £U≤OW 001 ¨d«Â
©∫s •∂u» «∞INu… 8 03 £U≤OW 57 ¨d«Â
≠d «∞LJºd«‹ ¢AGOq ≤∂Cw 5 £U≤OW 041 ¨d«Â
®d¥∫W «ß∑Op °IdÍ ©d¥W (¢IDOl ≈∞v ±JF∂U‹ ¢AGOq ≤∂Cw 01 £U≤OW 002 ¨d«Â
°Du‰ 2 ßr)
´BU¸… ±u«∞` «∞Hu«Øt «∞BGOd… ±∏q «∞KOLuÊ «∞∫LCw Ë«∞KOLuÊ 2 - 1 - 2ØGr
«∞Hu«Øt «∞J∂Od… ±∏q «∞∂d¢IU‰ Ë«∞Gd¥V ≠dË‹
«∞FBU¸… ´Bd «∞Hu«Øt Ë«∞ªCd«Ë«‹ «∞BK∂W ±∏q «∞∑HUÕ Ë«∞πe¸ otuA - 1 ØOKu¨d«Â
«∞Hu«Øt «∞J∂Od… ±∏q «∞∂d¢IU‰ Ë«∞Gd¥V ≠dË‹ (¢AGOq ¢KIUzw) 008 ¨d«Â §e¸
´Bd «∞Hu«Øt «∞KOMW ±∏q «∞FMV Ë«∞DLU©r otuA - 005 ¨d«Â
(¢AGOq ¢KIUzw)
❋❋
«_“±MW «∞LFdË{W ≥w √“±MW ≈¸®Uœ¥W ≠Ij Ë¢ª∑Kn •ºV «∞uÅHW Ë«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Lº∑ªb±W.
●
§d‘ «∞∏KZ - «ß∑ªb±w Ë{l «∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw •∑v «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv
Æu«Â «∞πd‘ «∞LDKu».
●
¨Od ±MBuÕ °D∫s «∞∑u«°q ≠Ib ¢RœÍ ≈∞v ≈•b«À √{d«¸ °U_§e«¡
«∞∂öß∑OJOW.
●
∞s ¥FLq «∞πNU“ ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞LºOq °AJq ¨Od Å∫O`.
●
∞ªKj ±Ju≤U‹ §U≠W - ÆDÓFONU ≈∞v √§e«¡ ÅGOd… £r √“¥Kw ¨DU¡ ≠∑∫W
«∞∑F∂µW Ë√ßIDONU ÆDFW ¢Ku «_îdÈ √£MU¡ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“. √°o ¥b¥p ≠u‚
«∞H∑∫W. ∞K∫Bu‰ ´Kv √≠Cq «∞M∑UzZ √≠d¨w «∞L∫∑u¥U‹ °AJq ±M∑Er.
●
ô ¢º∑ªb±w «∞LºOq Ø∫UË¥W ¢ªe¥s .•U≠Ew ´Kv «∞b˸‚ ≠U¸¨UÎ Æ∂q
Ë°Fb «ôß∑ªb«Â.
●
ô ¢ªKDw ßFW √Ø∂d ±s 6.1 ∞∑d - «ß∑ªb±w ßFW √Æq ±l «∞ºu«zq
«∞d¨u¥W ±∏q «∞∫KOV «∞LªHu‚.
52
§bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU
«_œ«…/«∞LK∫o «∞u™OHW «∞ºd´W“±s «∞ºFU‹«∞IBuÈ
«∞LuÅv °NU «∞LFU∞πW
❋
❋
ßJOs «∞∑IDOl îKDU‹ «∞JFJU‹ «∞πU≥e… 8 51 ≈∞v 02 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 2 ØGr
«∞LFπMU‹ - îKj «∞ºLs ±l «∞bÆOo 8 - 5 01 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 005⁄
≈{U≠W «∞LU¡ ∞b±Z ±Ju≤U‹ «∞LFπMU‹ 01 ≈∞v 02 £U≤OW
≠d «_ßLU„ Ë«∞K∫u ¢AGOq ≤∂Cw - 8 01 ≈∞v 03 £U≤OW 1ØGr
«∞∂U©Au Ë«∞Iu«∞V∞∫r °IdÍ ©dÍ
≠d «∞ªCd«Ë«‹ ¢AGOq ≤∂Cw 5 ≈∞v 01 £U≤OW 005⁄
≠d «∞LJºd«‹ 8 03 ≈∞v 06 £U≤OW 002⁄
≥d” «∞Hu«Øt «∞KOMW Ë«∞Hu«Øt Ë«∞ªCdË«‹ «∞LDNOW 8 01 ≈∞v 03 £U≤OW 1 ØGr
«∞BKBU‹ ˱d‚ «∞∑u«°q Ë«∞LGLußU‹ 8 2 œÆOIW Ø∫b √ÆBv 008⁄
ßJOs «∞∑IDOl ±l Æd’ «∞∫ºU¡ «∞∂U¸œ «°bzw ´Kv 03 ≈∞v 06 £U≤OW 2 ∞∑d
«∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ «∞ºd´W «∞LMªHCW ±l
«∞∫KOV «∞LªHu‚/«∞FπUzs «∞ºUzKW «∞e¥Uœ… •∑v 51 ≈∞v 03 £U≤OW 5.1 ∞∑d
«∞ºd´W «∞IBuÈ
±Cd» «∞∂Oi «∞∏MUzw °OU÷ «∞∂Oi 8 06 ≈∞v 09 £U≤OW 8 - 2 (07⁄ - 082⁄)
«∞∂Oi Ë«∞ºJd ∞KJOp «ùßHMπw îU∞w «∞bßr 8 4 ≈∞v 5 œÆUzo 3 °OCU‹ (051⁄)
«∞IAb… 8 03 £U≤OW 052 ±q- 057 ±q
√œ«… «∞Dw «∞IAb… «∞LªHuÆW ˱NdË” «∞Hu«Øt 2 - 1 06 £U≤OW 005⁄ ÆAb…
005⁄ ±NdË”
°OU÷ «∞∂Oi ≠w «∞ªKDU‹ «∞∏ªOMW 2 - 1 06 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 006⁄
«∞LJU¸ËÊ 2 - 1 06 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 005⁄
√œ«… «∞FπOs «∞ªKDU‹ «∞LªLd… 8 06 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 1.3 ØGr
œÆOo «∞ª∂e «_°Oi 8 06 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 056⁄
œÆOo «∞ª∂e «_ßLd 8 06 £U≤OW «∞u“Ê «ù§LU∞w 005⁄
Æd’«∞∑IDOl/«∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w «∞DFU ÅKV±∏q «∞πe¸, Ë«∞π∂s «∞BKV 8 - 5 -
«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞KOMW ±∏q «∞ªOU¸, «∞DLU©r 5 - 1 -
Æd’ ¢IDOl √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW §∂s °U¸±Oe«Ê, «∞∂DU©f ∞HDUzd «∞∂DU©f «_∞LU≤OW 8 -
Æd’ ¢IDOl √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW √ÅU°l «∞∂DU©f Ë«∞dËß∑w 8 -
«∞∂DU©f «∞LAu•W ˱d‚ “¥MW «∞ªCdË«‹
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞∑πLOKw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞BK∂W ±∏q «∞πe¸ Ë«∞∂DU©f 5 - 8 -
«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞KOMW ±∏q «∞ªOU¸
Æd’ «_ÅU°l «∞d≠OFW ∞∑IDOl «∞∂DU©f ≠w Åu¸… √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW ˱Ju≤U‹ 8 -
«∞ªCU¸ «∞ºu¢Ot Ë«∞LGLußU‹ (±∏q «∞ªOU¸ Ë«∞∑HUÕ
Ë«∞JL∏dÈ)
«∞ªö◊ «∞LIU ∞K∫d«¸… «∞ºu«zq Ë«∞LAdË°U‹ «∞∂U¸œ… 8 51 ≈∞v 03 £U≤OW 6.1 ⁄
•ºU¡ «∞K∫u 8 03 £U≤OW 2.1 ⁄
«∞∫ºU¡ «∞L∫Cd ±l «∞∫KOV803 £U≤OW1 ⁄
≤MB` °∑d„ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW ∞Jw ¢∂dœ Æ∂q îKDNU. Ë´Kv «∞d¨r ±s –∞p ≈–« √¸œ¢w îKj «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW, ≠Od§v ±d«§FW
¢FKOLU‹ îKj «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW.
ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW
«∞IBuÈ «∞LAU¸ ≈∞ONU
´Kv «∞ºKDU≤OW
●
∞s ¥FLq “¸ ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW "otuA" ≠w •U∞W «î∑OU¸
ßd´W ±s ±∑UÕ ¢∫b¥b «∞ºd´U‹.
●
√ËÆHw œ«zLUÎ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Æ∂q ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
±ö•EW ≥U±W
●
§NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ¨Od ±özr ∞D∫s •∂u» «∞INu… √Ë ¢∫u¥q •∂O∂U‹
«∞ºJd ≈∞v ßJd °uœ¸….
Ë™OHW ¢u≠Od «∞DUÆW "ocE"
≠w •U∞W ¢uÅOq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ ±l ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w ∞Lb…
¢e¥b ´s 03 œÆOIW œËÊ «ß∑ªb«±t, ≠ºu· ¥bîq «∞πNU“ ≠w Ë{l
«ôß∑Fb«œ ∞∑u≠Od «ß∑Nö„ «∞DUÆW.
●
¥u±i ±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO rewoP" °∂j¡ Ë∞s ¥FLq §NU“ ¢∫COd
«∞DFU •∑v ¥∑r «¢ªU– √Í ±s «ù§d«¡«‹ «∞∑U∞OW:-
●
«∞CGj ´Kv “¸ ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW "otuA".
●
≈œ«¸… ±H∑UÕ ¢∫b¥b «∞ºd´W ≈∞v √Í ±s «∞ºd´U‹ £r ≈œ«¸¢t ±d… √îdÈ
≈∞v ±u{l ≈¥IU· «∞∑AGOq "O".
¥∑∫u‰ {u¡ «∞LR®d ≈∞v «∞∏∂U‹ ≠w •U∞W «∞πU≥e¥W ∞öß∑ªb«Â.
±ö•EW: ≠w •U∞W ´b ¢FAOo «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ §Ob«Î ≠w
±u{l «∞∑FAOo, ≠Hw ≥cÁ «∞∫U∞W ¥u±i ±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO
rewoP" °Bu¸… √ßdŸ ±s ˱Oi Ë™OHW ¢u≠Od «∞DUÆW "ocE".
Ë™OHW «∞u“Ê )19MPF(
§NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ±πNe °u™OHW Ë“Ê œ«îKOW Ë–∞p ∞u“Ê «∞LJu≤U‹
±∂U®d… œ«îq «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë œË¸‚ «∞LºOq.
●
ßFW «∞u“Ê «∞IBuÈ 3 ØGr. ßFW «∞u“Ê «∞IBuÈ ´∂U¸… ´s Ë“Ê Øq
«∞LJu≤U‹ °Uù{U≠W ≈∞v Ë“Ê «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞b˸‚.
«ß∑ªb«Â Ë™OHW «∞u“Ê
1 ¸Ø∂w œ«zLUÎ ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê Ë«∞ºKDU≤OW
Ë«∞LK∫o √Ë œË¸‚ «∞ªö◊ ´Kv Ë•b…
«∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) Æ∂q ≈{U≠W «∞LJu≤U‹.
2 ËÅKw «∞πNU“ °U∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w - ¢∂Iv
®U®W «∞Fd÷ ≠U¸¨W.
3 «{GDw ´Kv “¸ OREZ/NO
(¢AGOq/ÅHd) ±d… Ë«•b…, ¥∑r ≈{U¡…
®U®W «∞Fd÷.
4 «{GDw ´Kv “¸ )bl/gk( "ØGr/¸©q"
∞∑∫b¥b Ë•b… «∞πd«Â √Ë «_Ë≤f. «∞∑FOOs
«ô≠∑d«{w ´Kv «∞AU®W °Lπdœ «∞∑AGOq
≥u g/gk (ØGr/⁄)
●
îDu… «∞u“Ê «∞ªUÅW °U∞u•b… ≥w 2⁄ Ë¥uÅv °Uß∑ªb«Â Ë•b… ±KFIW
ÅGOd…/±KFIW Ø∂Od… ∞IOU” «∞JLOU‹ «∞BGOd….
5 ¢QØbÍ √Ê «∞AU®W ¢Fd÷ «∞IOLW "0", ≠w •U∞W ´b ™Nu¸ ≥cÁ «∞IOLW,
«{GDw ´Kv “¸ OREZ/NO (¢AGOq/ÅHd) ∞∑FOOs ≥cÁ «∞IOLW. £r Æu±w
°u“Ê «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞LDKu°W ±∂U®d… ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞b˸‚. °Fb ´d÷ «∞u“Ê
´Kv «∞AU®W, «{GDw ´Kv “¸ OREZ/NO (¢AGOq/ÅHd) ´Mbzc ¢Fuœ
«∞AU®W ≈∞v «∞IOLW "0". √{OHw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞∑U∞OW ËßO∑r ´d÷ «∞u“Ê
«∞LIU°q. Ød¸Í «∞ªDu«‹ •∑v Ë“Ê Øq «∞LJu≤U‹.
●
≠w •U∞W ´b ≈´Uœ… ¢FOOs ®U®W «∞Fd÷ ∞KIOLW "ÅHd" °Fb ≈“«∞W «∞LJu≤U‹
√Ë «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞LK∫o √Ë «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ, ≠Hw ≥cÁ «∞∫U∞W ¢Fd÷ «∞AU®W
«∞IOLW ]- - - -[ ∞û®U¸… ≈_È ÆOLW ßU∞∂W. ∞∑FOOs «∞BHd «{GDw
´Kv “¸ OREZ/NO (¢AGOq/ÅHd) ±d… Ë«•b….
6 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Ë•bœÍ ßd´W ∞∑AGOq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
●
√£MU¡ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ ¢∏∂X ®U®W «∞Fd÷ ´Kv «∞IOLW ]- - - -[ •∑v ¥∑r
≈¸§UŸ “¸ ¢∫Jr «∞ºd´W ≈∞v Ë{l ≈¥IU· «∞∑AGOq "O".
●
°Fb «ô≤∑NU¡ ±s ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ, ßO∑r ´d÷ ¬îd Ë“Ê °Fb ≈¸§UŸ “¸
¢∫Jr «∞ºd´W ≈∞v Ë{l ≈¥IU· «∞∑AGOq "O". ±ö•EW: ßO∑r ≈{U≠W
Ë“Ê «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ≠w •U∞W ´b ¢FOOs «∞BHd Æ∂q «∞∑AGOq.
●
∞s ¥∑r ´d÷ Ë“Ê √Í ±Ju≤U‹ ¢∑r ≈{U≠∑NU ±s îö‰ √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰
«∞DFUÂ √£MU¡ ¢AGOq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ.
ßD` «∞u“Ê
¥∑r ¢eË¥b ÅOMOW ∞u“Ê «∞LJu≤U‹ °bËÊ
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞ªö◊.
ôß∑ªb«±NU, {Fw «∞BOMOW ´Kv Ë•b…
«∞DUÆW.
£r «¢∂Fw «∞ªDu«‹ ±s 2 ≈∞v 5
«∞Lu{∫W {Ls "«ß∑ªb«Â Ë™OHW
«∞u“Ê"
ù“«∞∑NU, ≠Ij «¸≠Fw «∞BOMOW.
«ù¥IU· «∞∑KIUzw
●
¥∑r ≈¥IU· ¢AGOq ®U®W «∞Fd÷ ¢KIUzOUÎ ≠w •U∞W ´d÷ ≤Hf «∞u“Ê ∞Lb…
5 ϮUzo.
●
¥LJs ≈¥IU· ®U®W «∞Fd÷ ¥bË¥UÎ °U∞CGj ±l «ôß∑Ld«¸ ´Kv “¸
OREZ/NO ∞Fb… £u«Ê.
≥UÂ
●
ô ¢∑πUË“Í «_•LU‰ «∞LºLuÕ °NU ±s îö‰ “¥Uœ… «_Ë“«Ê ´Kv 3 ØGr.
¢Fd÷ «∞AU®W «∞IOLW ]0 - dL[ ≠w •U∞W ¢πUË“ Ë“Ê «∞LJu≤U‹ ∞K∫b
«_ÆBv «∞LºLuÕ.
●
ô ¢CFw Ë“Ê Ø∂Od ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW •OY Æb ¥º∂V –∞p ¢Kn ±º∑AFd
«∞u“Ê.
●
{Fw §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ´Kv ßD` ±º∑uÍ §U· Æ∂q ´LKOW «∞u“Ê.
●
ô ¢∫dØw Ë•b… «∞DUÆW √£MU¡ «ß∑ªb«Â Ë™OHW «∞u“Ê.
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞ªö◊ «∞LIUË ∞K∫d«¸…
1 ¸Ø∂w •KIW «ù•JU ´Kv Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ - ±l «∞∑QØb ±s
«ß∑Id«¸ •KIW «ù•JU ≠w ±u{FNU °AJq Å∫O` œ«îq «∞∑πu¥n.
●
≈–« ØU≤X •KIW «ù•JU ¢U∞HW √Ë ¨Od ±∫JLW °AJq Å∫O`
≠ºu· ¥∫bÀ ¢ºd¥∂UÎ.
2 √±ºJw «∞πU≤V «∞ºHKw ∞u•b… «∞AHd«‹ ˸Ø∂w «∞AHd«‹ œ«îq
«∞b˸‚ - £r √œ¥d¥NU ≠w «¢πUÁ ´Jf ´IU¸» «∞ºU´W ù•JU «∞IHq .
¸«§Fw «∞dßu «∞∑u{O∫OW «∞Lu§uœ… ´Kv «∞πU≤V «∞ºHKw ∞u•b…
«∞AHd«‹ Ë≥w ØU∞∑U∞w:
= ±u{l «∞H∑`
= ±u{l «∞IHq
∞s ¥FLq «∞LºOq ≠w •U∞W ¢dØO∂t °AJq ¨Od Å∫O`.
3 {Fw ±Ju≤U¢p °b«îq «∞b˸‚.
4 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ´Kv «∞b˸‚ Ë«œ≠FOt _ßHq •∑v ¥º∑Id ≠w ±u{Ft
. ¸Ø∂w ¨DU¡ ≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW.
5 ¸Ø∂w «∞ªö◊ ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) ±l ¢bË¥dÁ ≠w «¢πUÁ ´IU¸»
«∞ºU´W •∑v ¥∑r ¢FAOIt ≠w ±u{l «∞∑∏∂OX .
●
∞s ¥FLq «∞πNU“ ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞LºOq °AJq ¨Od Å∫O` ±l
¢FAOo «∞IHq.
6 •bœÍ “¸ ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW "otuA" √Ë •bœÍ «∞ºd´W «∞LDKu°W
¥bË¥UÎ (¸«§Fw §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU) √Ë «ß∑ªb±w ¢∫Jr
«∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw.
±ö•EU‹ ±HOb…
●
´Mb ¢∫COd «∞LU¥u≤Oe, {Fw Øq «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠w «∞LºOq ´b« «∞e¥X.
√“¥Kw ¨DU¡ ≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW. £r Å∂Òw «∞e¥X °Dd¥IW °DOµW ±s îö‰ «∞H∑∫W
«∞Lu§uœ… ≠w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ √£MU¡ ¢AGOq «∞πNU“.
●
Æb ¢∫∑Uà «∞ªKDU‹ «∞ºLOJW ±∏q «∞LFπMU‹ «∞NAW Ë«∞LGLußU‹ ≈∞v
¢IDOl. ≈–« ˧b‹ ÅFu°W ≠w ¢∫COd≥U, √{OHw «∞Le¥b ±s «∞ºu«zq.
bp
btck
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Æ∂q «∞∑uÅOq °U∞JNd°U¡
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¥πV «∞∑QØb ±s ¢LU£q ±u«ÅHU‹ «∞LBb¸ «∞JNd°w ±l «∞Lu«ÅHU‹
«∞Lu{∫W ´Kv «∞πU≤V «∞ºHKw ∞KπNU“.
●
¥∑u«≠o ≥c« «∞πNU“ ±l ¢u§ONU‹ «ô¢∫Uœ «_˸˰w CE/801/4002 °AQÊ
«∞∑u«≠o «∞JNd˱GMU©Oºw Ë¢MEOLU‹ «ô¢∫Uœ «_˸˰w ¸Ær 4002/5391
«∞BUœ¸… °∑U¸¥a 72/01/4002 Ë«∞L∑FKIW °U∞Lu«œ «∞L∑ö±ºW ±l
«_©FLW.
Æ∂q «ôß∑FLU‰ ∞KLd… «ôË∞v
1 √“¥Kw √¨DOW «∞MBq «∞∂öß∑OJOW ´s ßJOs «∞∑IDOl. ¢uîw «∞∫c¸
≠ºJOs «∞∑IDOl •Uœ §b«Î. ¥πV «∞∑ªKh ±s ≥cÁ «_¨DOW •OY √≤NU
±eËœ… ∞∫LU¥W ßJOs «∞∑IDOl √£MU¡ «∞∑BMOl Ë«∞MIq.
2 «¨ºKw «_§e«¡ "¸«§Fw ƺr «∞d´U¥W Ë«∞∑MEOn".
±H∑UÕ «∞d±u“
§NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ
Ë•b… «∞DUÆW
´Luœ «œ«¸… ÆU°q ∞KHBq
ßKDU≤OW ™natirT
¨DU¡ ™natirT
√≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Fd¥i
œ«≠FU‹
√ÆHU‰ «_±UÊ
±ªeÊ «∞ºKp (≠w «∞ªKn)
{u¡ «∞∑AGOq
“¸ «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzw "otuA"
±H∑UÕ «∞∑∫Jr ≠w «∞ºd´W/«∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw
Ë™OHW «∞u“Ê )19MPF(
“¸ bl/gk (ØGr/¸©q)
®U®W «∞Fd÷
“¸ orez/no (¢AGOq/ÅHd)
ßD` «∞u“Ê
«∞ªö◊ «∞LIU ∞K∫d«¸…
≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW
¨DU¡
«∞b˸‚
•KIW ≈•JU «ù¨ö‚
Ë•b… «∞AHd…
≥u«¥U‹ ≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW
A - «∞LK∫IU‹ «∞IOUßOW
®Hd… «∞ºJOs
«œ«… «∞Fπs
îHUÆW «∞∂Oi «∞∏MUzOW
√œ«… «∞Dw
Æd’ «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl 4±r
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl 2±r
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad) 4±r
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad) 2±r
ÅMbË‚ ¢ªe¥s «∞LK∫IU‹
B - ±K∫IU‹ «î∑OU¸¥W
∞Of °U∞Cd˸… ¢eË¥b Øq «∞LK∫IU‹ «∞Lb¸§W √œ≤UÁ œ«îq ´∂u… °Ol ±uœ¥q
§NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ. ¢ª∑Kn «∞LK∫IU‹ ¢∂FUÎ ôî∑ö· ±uœ¥ö‹ «∞πNU“.
∞KLe¥b ±s «∞LFKu±U‹ √Ë ∞DKV «∞LK∫IU‹ «ù{U≠OW ¥d§w ±d«§FW ƺr
"«∞ªb±W ˸´U¥W «∞FLö¡".
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad) «∞MU´r (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u…
«∞∂Ol)
Æd’ ¢IDOl √ÅU°l ¸≠OFW (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
Æd’ «∞∑IDOl «∞∑πLOKw (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
Æd’ «_ÅU°l «∞d≠OFW (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«∞ºKDU≤OW «∞BGOd… Ë«∞AHd«‹ (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
«∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
´BU¸… ±u«∞` (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥b≥U œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
±º∑ªKh «∞FBOd «∞LFb≤w (≠w •U∞W ¢eË¥bÁ œ«îq ´∂u… «∞∂Ol)
ôß∑FLU‰ §NU“ ±FU∞πW «∞DFUÂ
1 ¸Ø∂w ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW - «œ≠FOt _ßHq °d≠o ∞K∑QØb
±s «¸¢∂U◊ ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê ±l Ë•b… «∞DUÆW °AJq ØU±q.
2 £r ¸Ø∂w «∞ºKDU≤OW ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸). {Fw «∞LI∂i ∞KªKn
≤U•OW «∞πU≤V «_¥Ls Ë∞Hw ≠w «¢πUÁ ´IU¸» «∞ºU´W •∑v ¢º∑Id
«∞ºKDU≤OW ≠w ±u{l «∞∑FAOo .
3 ¸Ø∂w «∞LK∫o ´Kv ±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê «∞Lu§uœ ≠w «∞ºKDU≤OW.
●
¸Ø∂w œ«zLUÎ Ë´U¡ «∞∑IDOl Ë«∞LK∫o ≠w §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU Æ∂q ≈{U≠W
«∞LJu≤U‹.
4 ¸Ø∂w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ - ±l «∞∑QØb ±s «ß∑Id«¸ «∞πe¡ «∞FKuÍ ±s
±∫u¸ «∞b˸«Ê/«_œ«… ≠w ±dØe «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
5 ¸Ø∂w ´B∑U œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ ≠w √≤∂u» «∞∑Gc¥W - ∞Hw ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹
«∞BGOd… ≠w «¢πUÁ ´IU¸» «∞ºU´W •∑v ¢º∑Id ≠w ±u{FNU «∞B∫O`
.
●
∞s ¥FLq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë
«∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ √Ë ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ªUÅW °Q≤∂u» ≈œîU‰
«∞LJu≤U‹ «∞Fd¥i °AJq ¨Od Å∫O` ≠w ±u«{FNU ±l ≈•JUÂ
ÆHKNU. ¢QØbÍ ±s ¢u§Ot √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹ ˱I∂i
«∞ºKDU≤OW ≈∞v «∞πU≤V «_¥Ls ∞KπNU“.
6 ËÅKw «∞πNU“ °LBb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w. ¥Cw¡ ±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO
rewoP" Ë¥Eq Ë«±CUÎ ∞∫Os ¢dØOV «∞ºKDU≤OW Ë«∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ °AJq
Å∫O` ≠w ±u{FNLU. •bœÍ √Í ±s «∞ªOU¸«‹ «∞∑U∞OW: -
“¸ ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW "otuA" - ¥Cw¡ «∞LR®d ´Mb±U ¥∑r «∞CGj
´Kv “¸ ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW "otuA" Ë¥∑r «î∑OU¸ «∞ºd´W «∞L∏U∞OW
∞KLK∫o «∞Lº∑ªbÂ.
±H∑UÕ ¢∫b¥b «∞ºd´W "lortnoC deepS" - «î∑U¸Í «∞ºd´W «∞LDKu°W
¥bË¥UÎ (¸«§Fw §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹ «∞LuÅv °NU).
«∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw "esluP" - «ß∑ªb±w ±H∑UÕ Ë{l «∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw
(P) ∞K∑AGOq ∞H∑d«‹ ÆBOd…. ¥FLq Ë{l «∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw ©u«‰ ≠∑d…
«∞CGj ´Kv ±H∑UÕ «∞∑∫Jr.
7 ´Mb «≤∑NUzp ±s «∞∑πNOe, ∞Hw ±H∑UÕ ¢∫b¥b «∞ºd´W ≈∞v ±u{l ≈¥IU·
«∞∑AGOq
"O" √Ë ≠w •U∞W «ß∑ªb«Â Ë{l ßd´W «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzOW
"otuA" «{GDw ´Kv «∞e¸ Ëßu· ¥MDHT {u¡ «∞LR®d.
●
¥u±i ±R®d ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO rewoP" ≠w •U∞W ´b ¢dØOV
«∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ √Ë «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë √≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹
«∞Fd¥i °AJq Å∫O`.
●
¥u±i ±B∂U•U ¢AGOq «∞DUÆW "nO rewoP" ËË{l «∞∑AGOq
«∞∑KIUzw "otuA" ≠w •U∞W ¢∫b¥b Ë{l «∞∑AGOq «∞∑KIUzw
"otuA" Ë∞Js ∞r ¥∑r ¢FAOo «_ÆHU‰ °AJq Å∫O`.
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bp
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ck
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∞ºö±∑p ´Mb «ß∑ªb«Â Æd’ «∞∑IDOl/«∞∑IDOl «∞Du∞w («∞∂Ad)
● ¥∫c¸ ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Æ∂q ¢uÆn √ßD` «∞∑IDOl ¢LU±UÎ.
● ¢uîw «∞∫c¸ √£MU¡ «∞∑FU±q ±l ßD` «∞∑IDOl - √ßD` «∞∑IDOl •Uœ… §b«Î
● ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ∞KºKDU≤OW - ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ «∞LAU¸ ≈∞ONU
´Kv «∞ºKDU≤OW.
∞ºö±∑p ´Mb «ß∑ªb«Â «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…
● ô ¢dØ∂w Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ ≠w «∞πNU“ °bËÊ ¢dØOV Ë´U¡ «∞D∫s.
● ¥∫c¸ ≠p Ë´U¡ «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… √£MU¡ ¢dØO∂NU ≠w «∞πNU“.
● ô ¢KLºw «∞AHd«‹ «∞∫Uœ…. «°Iw ´Kv «_©HU‰ °FOb«Î ´s Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹.
● ¥∫c¸ ≈“«∞W «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… Æ∂q ¢uÆn «∞AHd«‹ ´s «∞∫dØW ¢LU±UÎ.
● ∞CLUÊ «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv ´Ld ¢AGOKw ©u¥q ∞KIDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd…, ô ¢AGKONU ∞H∑d… ±º∑Ld…
√©u‰ ±s 06 £U≤OW. √ËÆHw ¢AGOKNU °Lπdœ •Bu∞p ´Kv «∞Iu«Â «∞LDKu».
● ∞s ¥FLq «∞πNU“ ≠w •U∞W ¢dØOV «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… °AJq ¨Od Å∫O`.
● ô ¢∫CdÍ §c˸ «∞JdØr °u«ßDW «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… •OY √≤NU ÅK∂W §b«Î ËÆb ¢∑Kn
«∞AHd«‹.
∞ºö±∑p ´Mb «ß∑ªb«Â ±º∑ªKh «∞FBOd
● ô ¢º∑ªb±w «∞FBU¸… ≠w •U∞W ¢Kn «∞Ld®`.
● «ß∑ªb±w ≠Ij ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞LeËœ… œ«îq ÅMbË‚ «∞∂Ol. ¥∫c¸ Ë{l √ÅU°Fp œ«îq
√≤∂u» ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹. «≠BKw «∞πNU“ ´s ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w Æ∂q ≠p ≠∑∫W ≈œîU‰ «∞LJu≤U‹.
● Æ∂q ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ, √ËÆHw ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Ë«≤∑EdÍ •∑v ¥∑uÆn «∞Ld®`.
22
≥UÂ: ¢FKOLU‹ îUÅW °ªKj «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW
∞∑πMV ≈ÅU°∑p °QÍ •dË‚ §Kb¥W √£MU¡ «∞ªKj, «°FbÍ ¥b¥p Ë√§e«¡ §ºLp «∞Id¥∂W ±s «∞GDU¡
«∞FKuÍ ∞∑HUœÍ •bËÀ √Í •dË‚ §Kb¥W ±LJMW.
¥πV «ô∞∑e«Â °Uù¸®Uœ«‹ «∞uÆUzOW «∞∑U∞OW:
● ¢M∂Ot: îKj «∞LJu≤U‹ ®b¥b… «∞ºªu≤W Æb ¥M∑Z ´Mt îdËà ßu«zq ßUîMW Ë√°ªd…
≠πQ… ±s îö‰ «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ √Ë ≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW .
● ≤MB` °∑d„ «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW ∞Jw ¢∂dœ Æ∂q îKDNU.
● ¥∫c¸ ¢πUË“ ßFW 0021 ±q/ 5 √Øu«» ´Mb îKj ßu«zq ßUîMW ±∏q «∞∫ºU¡ (¸«§Fw «∞Fö±U‹
«∞Lu{∫W ´Kv «∞b˸‚).
● «°bzw «∞ªKj œ«zLUÎ ´Kv ßd´W ±MªHCW £r “¥bÍ «∞ºd´W ¢b¸¥πOUÎ. ¥∫c¸ îKj «∞ºu«zq
«∞ºUîMW °Uß∑ªb«Â ≈´b«œ «∞∑AGOq «∞M∂Cw («∞L∑IDl).
● «∞ºu«zq «∞∑w ¢RœÍ ≈∞v ¢Ju¥s ¸¨u… ´Mb îKDNU ±∏q «∞∫KOV, ¥πV √ô ¢∑πUË“ ØLO∑NU ßFW
0001 ±q/4 √Øu«».
● ¢uîw «∞∫c¸ ´s «∞∑FU±q ±l «∞ªö◊ Ë«∞b˸‚ •OY √Ê «∞ªö◊ Ë«∞b˸‚ ˱∫∑u¥U¢t ß∑JuÊ
§LOFNU ßUîMW.
● ¢uîw °U∞m «∞∫c¸ ´Mb ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ. ÅLr «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ∞O∑r ¢dØO∂t °S•JU ∞∑πMV
•bËÀ √Í ¢ºd». ≈–« œ´X «∞Cd˸…, «ß∑ªb±w ÆDFW ±s «∞ILU‘ √Ë ÆHU“«‹ «∞HdÊ ∞∫LU¥W
¥b¥p ´Mb «∞∑FU±q ±l «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ.
● ¢QØbÍ ±s ¢dØOV «∞b˸‚ °S•JU ´Kv «∞IU´b… Ë´Mb ≈“«∞W «∞πNU“ ˧Nw «∞IU´b… Ë¢QØbÍ ±s
≈“«∞∑NU ±l «∞b˸‚ ßu¥UÎ.
● ¢QØbÍ ±s ¢dØOV «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Ë≠∑∫W «∞∑F∂µW ≠w ±u{FNLU °AJq Å∫O` Ë≈•JU Æ∂q Øq
±d… ¢Iu±w ≠ONU °Uß∑ªb«Â «∞ªö◊.
● ¢QØbÍ œ«zLU ±s ´b «≤ºb«œ ≠∑∫U‹ «∞∑Nu¥W «∞Lu§uœ… ≠w ≠∑∫W «∞∑Nu¥W ≠w Øq ±d… ¢Iu±w ≠ONU
°Uß∑ªb«Â «∞ªö◊ .
● ´Mb ¢dØOV «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ´Kv «∞b˸‚ ¢QØbÍ œ«zLUÎ ±s ≤EU≠W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ Ë•U≠W «∞b˸‚
˧HHONLU ∞K∑QØb ±s «∞∑dØOV °S•JU ˱Ml •bËÀ √Í ¢MU£d.
bq
cl
12
● ¥∫c¸ «ß∑ªb«Â «∞πNU“ ≠w •U∞W ¢KHt. ≠w ±∏q ≥cÁ «∞∫U∞W, ¥πV ≠∫h «∞πNU“ √Ë ≈Åö•t:
¸«§Fw ƺr "«∞BOU≤W ˸´U¥W «∞FLö¡".
● ¥∫c¸ ¢Fd÷ Ë•b… «∞DUÆW √Ë «∞ºKp «∞JNd°w √Ë ÆU°f «∞∑uÅOq ∞KLU¡.
● ô ¢ºL∫w °∑b∞w «∞ºKp «∞JNd°w «∞e«zb ´s ©UË∞W «∞FLq Ëô ¢ºL∫w ∞t √¥CUÎ °U∞∑ö±f ±l √ßD`
ßUîs.
● ô ¢∑πUË“Í «∞ºFU‹ «∞IBuÈ «∞LuÅv °NU Ë«∞L∫bœ… ≠w §bˉ «∞ºd´U‹.
● ô ¥πu“ «ß∑ªb«Â ≥c« «∞πNU“ ±s Æ∂q «_©HU‰. «•∑HEw °U∞πNU“ Ë«∞ºKp «∞JNd°w °FOb«Î ´s
±∑MUˉ «_©HU‰.
● ¥πV «ù®d«· ´Kv «_©HU‰ ∞K∑QØb ±s ´b ´∂∏Nr °U∞πNU“.
● ¥LJs «ß∑ªb«Â «_§Ne… ±s Æ∂q √®ªU’ –ËÍ Æb¸«‹ §ºb¥W √Ë •ºOW √Ë ´IKOW ±MªHCW ˱Ls
≥r œËÊ î∂d… √Ë ±Fd≠W °Uß∑ªb«Â «_§Ne… ≠w •U∞W ±M∫Nr «∞∑FKOLU‹ «∞ªUÅW °Uôß∑ªb«Â √Ë
«ù®d«· ´KONr °∫OY ¥LJMNr «ß∑ªb«±t °Dd¥IW ¬±MW ±l ≈œ¸«„ «∞LªU©d «∞∑w ¢MDuÍ ´Kv
«ß∑ªb«Â «∞πNU“.
● «ß∑ªb±w «∞πNU“ ≠Ij ≠w «ôß∑ªb«±U‹ «∞LMe∞OW «∞LªBh ∞NU. ∞s ¢∑∫Lq ®dØW doowneK
√¥W ±ºµu∞OW ≠w •U∞W «ß∑ªb«Â «∞πNU“ °Dd¥IW ¨Od Å∫O∫W √Ë ´b «ô±∑∏U‰ ∞K∑FKOLU‹ «∞LcØu¸….
● Æb ¥RœÍ ßu¡ «ß∑ªb«Â §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ/«∞LºOq ≈∞v •bËÀ ≈ÅU°U‹.
● ¢F∑Lb «∞ºFW «∞IBuÈ ´Kv «∞LK∫o «∞Lº∑ªb ˫∞cÍ ¥º∑Lb •Lq √Ø∂d. °Fi ±s «∞LK∫IU‹
«_îdÈ Æb ¢º∑Lb •Lq √Æq.
¸«§Fw «∞Iºr –Í «∞BKW ±s îö‰ ƺr "«ß∑ªb«Â «∞LK∫IU‹" ∞LFd≠W «∞Le¥b ±s ¢∫c¥d«‹
«∞ºö±W °U∞Mº∂W ∞Jq ±K∫o ´Kv •b….
∞ºö±∑p ´Mb «ß∑ªb«Â «∞ªö◊
● ±ªU©d «∞∑Fd÷ ∞∫dË‚: °πV «∞ºLUÕ °∑∂d¥b «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW ≈∞v œ¸§W •d«¸… «∞Gd≠W Æ∂q
´LKOW «∞ªKj.
● ¢uîw «∞∫c¸ œ«zLUÎ ´Mb «∞∑FU±q ±l Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ Ë¢πM∂w ∞Lf •U≠W «∞IDl «∞ªUÅW °U∞AHd«‹
√£MU¡ «∞∑MEOn.
● ¥πV ¢AGOq «∞LºOq ≠Ij ±l ¢dØOV «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ≠w ±u{Ft.
● «ß∑ªb±w «∞b˸‚ ≠Ij ±l Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ «∞LeËœ….
● ¥∫c¸ ¢AGOq «∞LºOq ≠U¸¨UÎ.
● ∞CLUÊ «∞∫Bu‰ ´Kv ´Ld ¢AGOKw ©u¥q ∞KLºOq, ô ¢AGKOt ∞Lb… √©u‰ ±s 06 £U≤OW.
● °U∞Mº∂W ∞uÅHU‹ «∞LAdË°U‹ «∞LªHuÆW –«‹ «∞d¨u… - ô ¢ªKDw «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞LπLb… «∞∑w ¢∫u∞X
≈∞v Ø∑KW ÅK∂W √£MU¡ «∞∑πLOb, Ë∞Js ≥ALONU ≈∞v √§e«¡ Æ∂q ≈{U≠∑NU ≈∞v «∞b˸‚.
● ≥U - ¢r ¢dØOV §u«≤V ÆU´b… «∞b˸‚ √£MU¡ «∞∑BMOl Ëô ¥πV ±∫UË∞W ≈“«∞∑NU.
02
«∞ºö±W
● «Ædzw «∞∑FKOLU‹ «∞∑U∞OW Ë«•∑HEw °NU ≠w «∞L∑MUˉ ∞öß∑ªb«±U‹ «∞Lº∑I∂KOW «∞Ld§FOW.
● √“¥Kw ±Ju≤U‹ «∞∑GKOn Ë√¥W ±KBIU‹.
● «∞AHd«‹ Ë√ßD` «∞IDl •Uœ…, ¥πV «∞∑FU±q ±FNU °LM∑Nv «∞∫c¸. «±ºJw œ«zLUÎ ≤Bq «∞ºJOs
°I∂CW «ùÅ∂l ±s «∞πe¡ «∞FKuÍ °FOb« ´s •U≠W «∞∑IDOl, ßu«¡ ´Mb «ôß∑ªb«Â √Ë
«∞∑MEOn.
● ô ¢Iu±w °d≠l √Ë •Lq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ±s «∞LI∂i - •OY Æb ¥MJºd «∞LI∂i ±LU ¥M∑Z ´Mt
•bËÀ ≈ÅU°U‹.
● √“¥Kw ßJOs «∞∑IDOl œ«zLU Æ∂q ÅV «∞L∫∑u¥U‹ ±s Ë´U¡ «∞∑IDOl.
● √°Iw ´Kv ¥b¥p Ë√œË«‹ «∞LD∂a îU¸Ã Ë´U¡ «∞∑IDOl ˜˸‚ «∞LºOq √£MU¡ «∞∑uÅOq ±l ±Bb¸
«∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w.
● Æu±w °S¥IU· ¢AGOq «∞πNU“ Ë≠BKt ´s ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w:-
●
Æ∂q ¢dØOV Ë≈“«∞W «_§e«¡;
●
≠w •U∞W ´b «ôß∑ªb«Â;
●
Æ∂q «∞∑MEOn.
● ô ¢º∑ªb±w √ÅU°Fp ∞b≠l «∞DFU îö‰ √≤∂u» «∞∑Gc¥W .«ß∑ªb±w œ«zLUÎ ´BU œ≠l «∞LJu≤U‹
«∞LeËœ….
● ¥∫c¸ ¢dØOV Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹ ´Kv Ë•b… «∞DUÆW («∞Lu¢u¸) °bËÊ ¢dØOV œË¸‚ «∞ªö◊
√Ë «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd….
● Æ∂q ≈“«∞W «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ´s «∞ºKDU≤OW √Ë «∞ªö◊ √Ë «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ´s Ë•b… «∞DUÆW
(«∞Lu¢u¸):-
●
√ËÆHw ¢AGOq «∞πNU“;
●
«≤∑EdÍ •∑v ¢uÆn «∞LK∫IU‹/«∞AHd«‹ ¢LU±UÎ ´s «∞∫dØW;
●
¢uîv «∞∫c¸ •∑v ô ¥MHBq œË¸‚ «∞ªö◊ √Ë «∞IDU´W/«∞LHd±W «∞BGOd… ´s Ë•b… «∞AHd«‹.
● ±ªU©d «∞∑Fd÷ ∞∫dË‚: °πV «∞ºLUÕ °∑∂d¥b «∞LJu≤U‹ «∞ºUîMW ≈∞v œ¸§W •d«¸… «∞Gd≠W Æ∂q
´LKOW «∞ªKj.
● ô ¢º∑ªb±w «∞GDU¡ «∞FKuÍ ∞∑AGOq §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFUÂ, «ß∑ªb±w œ«zLUÎ “¸ ¢∫Jr «∞ºd´W
ffO/nO (¢AGOq/≈¥IU·).
● ßO∑Kn «∞πNU“ ËÆb ¢∫bÀ ≈ÅU°U‹ ≠w •U∞W ¢Fd÷ ¬∞OW «∞∑FAOo ∞Iu… ±Hd©W.
● «≠BKw œ«zLUÎ §NU“ ¢∫COd «∞DFU ´s ±Bb¸ «∞∑OU¸ «∞JNd°w ≠w •U∞W ´bÂ
«ß∑ªb«±t.
● ¥∫c¸ «ß∑ªb«Â √Í ±K∫IU‹ ¨Od ±F∑Lb….
● ô ¢∑dØw «∞πNU“ œËÊ ±ö•EW √£MU¡ ¢AGOKt.
91
Æ∂q Æd«¡… «∞∑FKOLU‹ «∞d§U¡ ≠∑` «∞BH∫W «ô±U±OW «∞∑w ¢∫∑uÍ ´Kv «∞dßu±U‹ «∞∑u{O∫OW
´d°w
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