Greenworks 01-0002512507UC Lawn Mower 2x24V(48V) Cordless Lawnmower with Mulcher + 40L Grass Bag

Product's Documents

Below are documents related to this product, you can read online or download:
User Manual
  • Operator Manual - (English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, German, Arabic, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch - Holland, Finland, Greek, Hebrew - Israel, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norway, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovenian, Turkish) Read Online | Download pdf
Installation Instruction User Service
01-0002512507UC photo

Operator Manual

This is the main product document for model 01-0002512507UC.

The file format is pdf, 169 pages, you can download this manual here .

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操作说明书
说明书技术要求:
2.说明书为单色印刷;
3.胶装,裁切均匀、无连页。
4.说明书可封样、要求无色差、无污点。
5.料件需符合格力博HSF文件(编号:GLB-CGR-146) 里关于环保和有害物质的具体要求。
@在P0803051-00基础上增加UKCA
@1
封面、封底120g双胶纸,4P;内页60g双胶纸,164P,
85%本白
210
145
P0803051-01
GW 48V Mower
2512507/1303407UC
P0803051-01
陈丽
SCALE:A5
李海平
张君
张君
周艳
王小妮
210811
210811
B
B
重要度等级
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P0803051-01, Rev B
LME366
OPERATOR MANUAL / BEDIENUNGSHANDBUCH / MANUAL DEL OPERARIO /
MANUALE DELL’OPERATORE / MANUEL OPÉRATEUR / MANUAL DE UTILIZAÇÃO /
GEBRUIKSAANWIJZING / РУКОВОДСТВО ОПЕРАТОРА / KÄYTTÖOPAS /
ANVÄNDARHANDBOK / BRUKERVEILEDNING / BRUGSVEJLEDNING / INSTRUKCJA
UŻYTKOWNIKA / NÁVOD K OBSLUZE / NÁVOD NA OBSLUHU / Uporabniški priročnik /
PRIRUČNIK ZA RUKOVANJE / HASZNÁLATI ÚTMUTATÓ / MANUAL DE UTILIZARE /
РЪКОВОДСТВО НА ОПЕРАТОРА / ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΔΙΟ ΧΡΗΣΗΣ / / KULLANIM
KILAVUZU / / OPERATORIAUS VADOVAS / LIETOTĀJA ROKASGRĀMATA /
KASUTUSJUHEND
Original Instructions / Übersetzung der Originalanweisungen / Traducción de las instrucciones originales / Traduzione delle istruzioni originali / Traduction des
instructions d'origine / Traduzido a partir das instrões originais / Vertaling van de originele gebruiksaanwijzing / Перевод оригинальных инструкций /
Alkupeisten ohjeiden kääns / Överttning av originalinstruktionerna / Produsentens instruksjoner / Oversættelse af de originale vejledninger / Tłumaczenie
oryginalnej instrukcji / Překlad origilního vodu / Preklad originálneho návodu / Prevod originalnih navodil / Prijevod izvornih uputa / Az eredeti utasítás
fordísa / Traducere a instruiunilor originale / Превод на оригиналните инструкции / Αυθεντικές οδηγίες / / Orijinal
Talimatlan Tercümesi / / Originalios Instrukcijos vertimas / Instrukciju tulkojums no oriģinālvalodas / Originaalkasutusjuhendilge
G24X2LM36
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Name and address of the manufacturer:
Name: GLOBGRO AB
Globe Group Europe
Address: Riggaregatan 53, 211 13 Malmö Sweden
Name and address of the Authorized representative:
Name: Garden Equipment Ltd
Address: 3a Groveley Road, Christchurch, Dorset, BH23 3HB, UK
Name and address of the person authorised to compile the technical file:
Name: Simon Del-Nevo
Address: 3a Groveley Road, Christchurch, Dorset, BH23 3HB, UK
Here with we declare that the product
Category: Lawn Mower
Model: G24X2LM36 (LME366)
Serial number: See product rating label
Year of Construction: See product rating label
• is in conformity with the relevant provisions of the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008.
• is in conformity with the provisions of the following other UK legislation:
• Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations 2016
• Noise Emission in the Environment by Equipment for use Outdoors Regulations 2001
• The Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous
• ubstances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2012
Furthermore, we declare that the following standard have been used:
BS EN 60335-1, BS EN 60335-2-77, BS EN 62233, BS EN 55014-1, BS EN 55014-2,
BS EN ISO 3744, ISO 11094, BS EN 62321-3-1, BS EN 62321-4, BS EN 62321-5,
BS EN 62321-6, BS EN 62321-7-1, BS EN 62321-7-2, BS EN 62321-8
Conformity assessment method to Annex E Noise Emission in the Environment by Equipment for
use Outdoors Regulations 2001.
Measured sound power level 92.3 dB(A)
Guaranteed sound power level 94 dB(A)
Place, date: Christchurch, Dorset, UK 07.06.2021 Signature: Ted Qu, Quality Director
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (UK)
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 ɈɛɳɟɟɌɈ 
 Ɂɚɦɟɧɚɧɨɠɟɣ
 ɏɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦɚɲɢɧɵ 
ȼɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɢɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟ 
Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɹ
Ⱦɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹȿɋ 

Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
58
background
ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ
 ɉɊȿȾɇȺɁɇȺɑȿɇɂȿ
Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɚɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɛɵɬɨɜɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɇɨɠɢɞɨɥɠɧɨɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɡɟɦɥɟȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɫɬɪɢɠɤɢ
ɝɚɡɨɧɨɜɜɫɟɱɟɬɵɪɟɤɨɥɟɫɚɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɞɨɥɠɧɵɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ
ɡɟɦɥɢ
 ɈȻɁɈɊ
Ɋɢɫa
Ɋɭɱɧɨɣɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹɪɭɱɤɚ
ɇɢɠɧɹɹɪɭɱɤɚ
Ɂɚɞɧɟɟɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɚɹɞɜɟɪɰɚ
Ʉɪɵɲɤɚɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɨɝɨɨɬɫɟɤɚ
Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɚɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɨɜɵɫɨɬɟ
Ɍɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ
Ɂɚɝɥɭɲɤɚɞɥɹɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ȼɢɧɬɫɛɚɪɚɲɤɨɦ

Ȼɨɥɬ

ɗɤɫɰɟɧɬɪɢɤ

Ʉɪɸɤ

Ⱥɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɚɹɛɚɬɚɪɟɹ

Ʉɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ

Ƚɚɣɤɚ

ɉɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚ

ɇɨɠ
ɌȿɏɇɂɄȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɜɵɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɟɜɫɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɌȻ
ɋɦɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɩɨɌȻ
ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢɥɢȺɄȻɞɨ
ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɫɛɨɪɤɢɜɫɟɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ
 ɊȺɋɉȺɄɈȼɄȺɆȺɒɂɇɕ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɫɹɱɬɨ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɫɨɛɪɚɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɭɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɟɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ
ɉɪɢɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɦɚɲɢɧɭ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ
ȿɫɥɢɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɦɚɲɢɧɵɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɵɢɥɢ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣɰɟɧɬɪ
 ȼɫɤɪɨɣɬɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭ
 Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶɫɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣɫɹɜ
ɤɨɪɨɛɤɟ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɧɟɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɢɡɤɨɪɨɛɤɢ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɢɡɤɨɪɨɛɤɢ
 ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɤɨɪɨɛɤɭɢɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ
 ɊȺɁɅɈɀɂɌȿɂɈɌɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɍɃɌȿ
ɇɂɀɇɘɘɊɍɑɄɍ
Ɋɢɫ
 ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟɜɟɪɯɧɸɸɪɭɱɤɭɜɜɟɪɯɢɧɚɡɚɞɱɬɨɛɵ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɟɟɜɪɚɛɨɱɟɟɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨ
ɪɭɱɤɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
 Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟɧɢɠɧɸɸɪɭɱɤɭɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɚɦɢɫɨɛɟɢɯɫɬɨɪɨɧ
ɷɤɫɰɟɧɬɪɢɤɨɜɵɦɢɡɚɠɢɦɚɦɢ
ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɨɛɟɪɭɱɤɢɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɜɨɞɧɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɟɤɚɛɟɥɶɩɪɢɪɚɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɧɢɢɢɥɢ
ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɧɢɢɪɭɱɟɤ
 ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȼȿɊɏɇȿɃɊɍɑɄɂ
Ɋɢɫ
 ɋɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɜɜɟɪɯɧɟɣɪɭɱɤɟɫɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɦɢ
ɜɧɢɠɧɟɣ
 ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɛɨɥɬɵɜɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
 ɇɚɞɟɜɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢɧɚɛɨɥɬɵɡɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɢɯ
 ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɬɭɠɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɫɞɪɭɝɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
 ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺɌɊȺȼɈɋȻɈɊɇɂɄȺ
Ɋɢɫ
 ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɭɞɥɹɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
 Ɉɬɤɪɵɜɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɬɟɟɟ

Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
58
background
 ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɡɚɪɭɱɤɭɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ
ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɟɤɪɸɤɢɜɩɪɨɪɟɡɢ
 Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭ
 ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɂɌȿɁȺȽɅɍɒɄɍȾɅə
ɆɍɅɖɑɂɊɈȼȺɇɂə
Ɋɢɫ
 ɋɧɹɬɢɟɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ
 Ɉɬɤɪɵɜɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɬɟɟɟ
 ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɭɞɥɹɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɡɚɪɭɱɤɭ
ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɟɟɜɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɵɣɥɨɬɨɤ
 Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭ
 ɈɌɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɍɃɌȿȼɕɋɈɌɍ
ɇɈɀȺɋɄȺɒɂȼȺɇɂə
ȼɵɫɨɬɭɧɨɠɚɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹɦɨɠɧɨɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ
Ɋɢɫ
 ɑɬɨɛɵɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶɜɵɫɨɬɭɧɨɠɚɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹɬɨɥɤɧɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɨɜɵɫɨɬɟɜɩɟɪɟɞ
 ɑɬɨɛɵɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶɜɵɫɨɬɭɧɨɠɚɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɨɜɵɫɨɬɟɧɚɡɚɞ
 ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ
ȺɄɄɍɆɍɅəɌɈɊɇɈɃȻȺɌȺɊȿɂ
Ɋɢɫ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɉɪɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɢɥɢɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɝɨ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɢɯ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɢɥɢɜɵɧɭɬɶɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɢɞɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɂɡɭɱɢɬɟɢɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɢɡɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɩɨ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢȺɄȻɢɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɍɃɌȿɌɈɅɖɄɈȺɄɄɍɆɍɅəɌɈɊɇȺ
ȼɇȿɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɍɃɌȿȻȺɌȺɊȿɘ
ȾȼɍɋɌɈɊɈɇɇȿȽɈɇȺɉɊəɀȿɇɂəȼ
ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ
Ⱦɥɹɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɦɚɲɢɧɵɜɨɬɫɟɤɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɶɨɛɚ
ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ
 Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟɤɪɵɲɤɭɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɨɝɨɨɬɫɟɤɚ
 ɋɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɪɟɛɪɚɧɚɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɟɫɤɚɧɚɜɤɚɦɢɜ
ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɨɦɨɬɫɟɤɟ
 ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɜɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɵɣɨɬɫɟɤɩɨɤɚɨɧ
ɧɟɡɚɳɟɥɤɧɟɬɫɹɧɚɦɟɫɬɟ
 ɉɪɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɧɚɲɬɚɬɧɨɟɦɟɫɬɨ
ɪɚɡɞɚɫɬɫɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɣɳɟɥɱɨɤ
 ɉɪɨɞɟɥɚɣɬɟɬɭɠɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ
 Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟɤɪɵɲɤɭɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɨɝɨɨɬɫɟɤɚ
ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɫɥɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɤɥɸɱɚ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
 ɂɁȼɅȿɑȿɇɂȿȺɄɄɍɆɍɅəɌɈɊȺ
Ɋɢɫ
 Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟɤɪɵɲɤɭɛɚɬɚɪɟɣɧɨɝɨɨɬɫɟɤɚ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
 ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɚɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɭɸɛɚɬɚɪɟɸɢɡɦɚɲɢɧɵ
ɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂə
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɧɚɞɟɜɚɬɶɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟɨɱɤɢ
 ɁȺɉɍɋɄɆȺɒɂɇɕ
Ɋɢɫ
ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦɜɪɚɛɨɬɭɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ
 ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
 ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
 ɇɚɠɢɦɚɹɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɤɪɭɱɤɟ
 Ɉɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ
ɦɚɲɢɧɭ
 ɈɋɌȺɇɈȼɂɌȿɆȺɒɂɇɍ
Ɋɢɫ
 Ⱦɥɹɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɵɦɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦɦɚɲɢɧɵɞɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɩɨɥɧɨɣ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɧɨɠɚɁɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɢɫɪɚɡɭɠɟ
ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɭ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɉɨɫɥɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɧɭɬɶɤɥɸɱ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢȺɄȻ
 ɈɉɈɊɈɀɇȿɇɂȿ
ɌɊȺȼɈɋȻɈɊɇɂɄȺ
 Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭ

Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
58
background
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
 ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ
 Ɉɬɤɪɵɜɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɬɟɟɟ
 ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɡɚɪɭɱɤɭɫɧɢɦɢɬɟɟɝɨɫ
ɤɪɸɤɨɜ
 Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟɡɚɞɧɸɸɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸɞɜɟɪɰɭ
 Ɉɩɨɪɨɠɧɟɧɢɟɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ
 ɊȺȻɈɌȺɇȺɋɄɅɈɇȺɏ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɬɪɢɱɶɬɪɚɜɭɧɚɫɤɥɨɧɚɯɛɨɥɟɟ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɬɪɢɱɶɬɪɚɜɭɧɚɫɤɥɨɧɚɯɩɪɢ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢɤɚɤɨɝɨɥɢɛɨɧɟɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹɜɜɟɪɯɢɥɢɜɧɢɡɫɤɥɨɧɚ
ɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟɫɶɩɨɩɟɪɟɤɫɤɥɨɧɚȻɭɞɶɬɟɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵɩɪɢ
ɫɦɟɧɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɧɚ
ɫɤɥɨɧɟ
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟɫɤɥɨɧɧɚɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɭɯɚɛɨɜ
ɤɨɥɟɣɤɚɦɧɟɣɢɫɤɪɵɬɵɯɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɩɚɞɟɧɢɸɍɞɚɥɢɬɟɜɫɟɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɤɚɦɧɢɢɜɟɬɜɢɞɟɪɟɜɶɟɜ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɬɜɟɪɞɨɫɬɨɹɬɶɧɚɧɨɝɚɯɉɪɢɩɨɬɟɪɟ
ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɇɟɫɬɪɢɝɢɬɟɬɪɚɜɭɜɛɥɢɡɢɜɵɦɨɢɧɤɚɧɚɜɢɥɢ
ɧɚɫɵɩɟɣ
 ɋɈȼȿɌɕɉɈɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɩɟɪɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɪɚɛɨɬɭɤɧɨɩɤɢ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɥɢɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ
ɇɟɧɚɤɥɨɧɹɣɬɟɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɭɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ
ɇɟɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɤɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɢ
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɣɬɟɱɢɫɬɨɬɭɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨɥɨɬɤɚ
ɇɟɫɬɪɢɝɢɬɟɦɨɤɪɭɸɬɪɚɜɭ
ɉɪɢɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɢɧɨɜɨɣɢɥɢɬɨɥɫɬɨɣɬɪɚɜɵɧɨɠ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɜɵɲɟ
ɉɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɞɧɢɳɚɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɢɍɞɚɥɢɬɟ
ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɬɪɚɜɵɥɢɫɬɜɭɝɪɹɡɶɢɞɪɭɝɨɣɦɭɫɨɪ
ɌȿɏɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦɜɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢ
ȺɄȻ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹɜɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɢȺɄȻɬɪɚɜɵ
ɥɢɫɬɜɵɢɥɢɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɝɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɵɟɡɚɩɱɚɫɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɬɨɪɦɨɡɧɨɣɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɟɮɬɢɫɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɦɢ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢɏɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɦɨɝɭɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸɢɩɨɪɱɟɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɢɥɶɧɵɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢɢɥɢ
ɦɨɸɳɢɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ
ɢɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɦɚɲɢɧɵ
ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɨɟɭɫɢɥɢɟɡɚɬɹɠɤɢɧɨɠɚɇɦ
 ɈȻɓȿȿɌɈ
ɉɟɪɟɞɤɚɠɞɵɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ
ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɦɚɲɢɧɵɧɚɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɢɥɢɧɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɯɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɢɧɬɨɜɝɚɟɤɛɨɥɬɨɜɢɤɪɵɲɤɢ
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɡɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɜɫɟɤɪɟɩɟɠɢɢɤɪɵɲɤɢ
ɉɪɨɬɪɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɫɭɯɨɣɬɤɚɧɶɸɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɜɨɞɭ
 ɁȺɆȿɇȺɇɈɀȿɃ
Ɋɢɫ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɵɟɧɨɠɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
Ⱦɥɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɧɨɠɚɦɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɧɚɞɟɜɚɬɶɩɥɨɬɧɵɟ
ɩɟɪɱɚɬɤɢɢɥɢɨɛɦɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɢɯɬɤɚɧɶɸ
 Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭ
 ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɧɨɠɢɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɢɫɶ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢȺɄȻ
 ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɛɨɤ
 Ɂɚɫɬɨɩɨɪɢɬɟɧɨɠɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɵɦɛɪɭɫɤɨɦ
 ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɣɜɢɧɬɢɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɝɚɟɱɧɨɝɨɤɥɸɱɚɢɥɢɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɹ
 ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɧɨɠ
 ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɧɨɜɵɣɧɨɠɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɨɛɚɮɢɤɫɚɬɨɪɚ
ɜɨɲɥɢɜɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɜɧɨɠɟ
 ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɭɢɡɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɫɧɹɬɵɣɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɣ
ɜɢɧɬ
 ɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿɆȺɒɂɇɕ
ȼɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

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background
ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɵ
ɉɟɪɟɞɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɧɚɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ
ɉɪɢɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɧɚɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ
ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɟɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɟɧɟɬɧɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɯɢɥɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɵɯɞɟɬɚɥɟɣȿɫɥɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢ
Ɂɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɛɨɥɬɵ
Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɤɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɭɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɚ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɦɚɲɢɧɭɜɫɭɯɨɦɦɟɫɬɟ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɦɚɲɢɧɚɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɞɥɹ
ɞɟɬɟɣɦɟɫɬɟ
ȼɕəȼɅȿɇɂȿɂ
ɍɋɌɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ
ɇȿɂɋɉɊȺȼɇɈɋɌȿɃ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɹ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ɋɭɱɤɚɧɟɜ
ɲɬɚɬɧɨɦ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɇɟɜɟɪɧɚɹ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ
ɛɨɥɬɨɜ
Ɉɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ
ɜɵɫɨɬɭɪɭɱɤɢɢ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢɢɛɨɥɬɵ
ɜɵɪɨɜɧɟɧɵ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɧɟ
ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ
ɇɢɡɤɢɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɡɚɪɹɞɚȺɄȻ
Ɂɚɪɹɞɢɬɟ
ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɭɸ
ɛɚɬɚɪɟɸ
Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɟ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
Ʉɥɸɱ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɤɥɸɱ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚ
ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ
ɫɬɪɢɠɟɬɬɪɚɜɭ
ɇɟɪɨɜɧɵɣɝɚɡɨɧ ɂɡɭɱɢɬɟɰɟɥɟɜɨɣ
ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ
ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ
ɜɵɫɨɬɚɧɨɠɚ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ
ɜɵɫɨɬɵ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɧɨɠɚ
ɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
ɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɭɟɬɬɪɚɜɭ
ɇɚɥɢɩɚɧɢɟ
ɦɨɤɪɨɣɬɪɚɜɵɧɚ
ɞɧɢɳɟ
ɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɢ
ɉɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟɩɨɤɚ
ɬɪɚɜɚɧɟ
ɜɵɫɨɯɧɟɬ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɚɞɥɹ
ɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɭɞɥɹ
ɦɭɥɶɱɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɹ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ɍɹɠɟɥɨɬɨɥɤɚɬɶ
ɦɚɲɢɧɭ
ɋɥɢɲɤɨɦ
ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹɬɪɚɜɚ
ɢɥɢɧɨɠ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɧɢɡɤɨ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɶɬɟɜɵɫɨɬɭ
ɧɨɠɚ
ɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɨɞɟɪɝɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚɢ
ɧɨɠɚɩɪɢ
ɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɢ
ɝɭɫɬɨɣɬɪɚɜɵ
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟɬɪɚɜɭɢɡ
ɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ
ɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɚɹ
ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɹ
ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
Ɋɚɡɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ
ɢɢɡɧɨɫɧɨɠɚ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɚɧɨɠɟɣ
ɋɨɝɧɭɬɜɚɥ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
 ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ
 ȼɵɧɶɬɟɤɥɸɱ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɢȺɄȻ
 Ɉɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ
ɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ
 Ɉɬɪɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɭ
ɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭ
ɩɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦ
ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɟɟ
ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚ
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹɫɬɪɢɠɤɢ
ɬɪɚɜɵ
ɇɨɠɨɩɭɳɟɧ
ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɧɢɡɤɨ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɶɬɟɜɵɫɨɬɭ
ɧɨɠɚ
ɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ
Ⱥɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɚɹ
ɛɚɬɚɪɟɹ
ɪɚɡɪɹɠɟɧɚ
Ɂɚɪɹɞɢɬɟ
ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɭɸ
ɛɚɬɚɪɟɸ
ɇɚɥɢɩɚɧɢɟɬɪɚɜɵ
ɧɚɞɧɢɳɟɢɧɨɠ
ɝɚɡɨɧɨɤɨɫɢɥɤɢ
ȼɵɧɶɬɟȺɄȻɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɞɧɢɳɟ
ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
ɉɟɪɟɝɪɟɜ
ɦɚɲɢɧɵɜɨɜɪɟɦɹ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
Ⱦɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɟ
ɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ȿɫɥɢɧɟɭɞɚɟɬɫɹɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶɷɬɢɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɜ
ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣɰɟɧɬɪ
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂȿȾȺɇɇɕȿ
ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ȼ
ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨɯɨɞɚ ɦɢɧ
ɒɢɪɢɧɚɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɦ
ȼɵɫɨɬɵɫɤɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɦ
Ɉɛɴɟɦɬɪɚɜɨɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ ɥ

Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
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Ɇɚɫɫɚɛɟɡɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɨɣ
ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ
ɮɬɤɝ
ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
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ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
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 ɞȻ$
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɫ
. ɦɫ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ *%*%ɢɞɪɭɝɢɟ
ɦɨɞɟɥɢɫɟɪɢɢ%$*
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɝɨ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
*;&*;8&
*;8&ɢɞɪɭɝɢɟ
ɦɨɞɟɥɢ&$*ɫɟɪɢɢ
ɂɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɫɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ
ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɟɣ
,3; ,3;
ȽȺɊȺɇɌɂə
ɉɨɥɧɵɣɬɟɤɫɬɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɯɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɜɟɛɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɟ*UHHQZRUNV
Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɹ*UHHQZRUNVɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɝɨɞɚɧɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢ
ɝɨɞɚɧɚȺɄȻɛɵɬɨɜɨɟɥɢɱɧɨɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɫɞɚɬɵ
ɩɨɤɭɩɤɢɗɬɚɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɹɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɚ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟɞɟɮɟɤɬɵɉɨɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢɞɟɮɟɤɬɧɨɟ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬɪɟɦɨɧɬɭɢɥɢɡɚɦɟɧɟɉɪɢ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɢɥɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɟɝɨɜɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɣɢɡɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
ɞɥɹɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɚɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɹɧɚɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɚɧɧɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ
ɇɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɣɢɡɧɨɫɢɭɛɵɬɶɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɧɟɩɨɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ
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9$52,786
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 582+21.(5bb-b1
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 3LGlUXRKRQNHUllMllNDKYDVWDMDLUURWDNRXNNXORYLHQ
SllOWl
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7DUNNDLOHNRORMDXULDNLYLlMDSLLORVVDROHYLDHVWHLWl
MRLKLQVDDWDWNRPSDVWXD3RLVWDNDLNNLHVWHHWNXWHQNLYHW
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6HLVRDLQDYDNDDVWL-RVPHQHWlWWDVDSDLQRQYDSDXWD
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bOlNDOOLVWDNRQHWWDNl\QQLVWlHVVlVLWl
bOlODLWDNlVLlWDLMDONRMDS\|ULYLHQRVLHQOlKHOOHWDL
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3LGlSRLVWRNRXUXSXKWDDQD
bOlOHLNNDDPlUNllUXRKRD
8XVLWDLWLKHlUXRKRVDDWWDDYDDWLDNRUNHDPPDQWHUlQ
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3XKGLVWDUXRKRQOHLNNXULQNRWHORQSRKMDMRNDLVHQ
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9$52
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9$52
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9$52
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PXRYLVHHQUXQNRRQWDLPXRYLVLLQRVLLQ
+820$$
6XRVLWHOWXNLULVW\VPRPHQWWL7HUlQ1P
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 1DVWDYLWHYLãLQRUH]LODUH]DQMD
 1DPHVWLWHYDNXPXODWRUMD
 2GVWUDQLWHYDNXPXODWRUMD 
'HORYDQMH
 =DJRQQDSUDYH 
 =DXVWDYLWHYQDSUDYH
 3UD]QMHQMHNRãDUH]DWUDYR 
 .RãQMDQDSRERþMLK 
 1DVYHWL]DXSUDYOMDQMH 
9]GUåHYDQMH 
 6SORãQRY]GUåHYDQMH
 =DPHQMDYDUH]LOD
 6NODGLãþHQMHQDSUDYH 
2GSUDYOMDQMHQDSDN
7HKQLþQLSRGDWNL
*DUDQFLMD 
,]MDYD(6RVNODGQRVWL

6ORYHQãþLQD
6/
background
23,6
 1$0(1
.RVLOQLFDMHQDPHQMHQDNRãQMLWUDYHQDGRPDþLK]HOHQLFDKLQ
WUDWDK5H]LORNRVLOQLFHPRUDELWLSULEOLåQRY]SRUHGQRVWOHPL
0HGNRãQMRVHPRUDMRYVDãWLULNROHVDGRWLNDWLWDO
 35(*/('
6OLNDa
6WLNDORQDURþDMX
*XPE]D]DJRQ
=JRUQMLURþDM
6SRGQMLURþDM
9UDWD]DL]PHW]DGDM
9UDWDEDWHULMH
5RþLFD]DQDVWDYLWHYYLãLQH
.RãDUD]DWUDYR
9WLþ]DPXOþHQMH

*XPE

9LMDN

5RþLFD]DKLWURVSURVWLWHY

.DYHOM

%DWHULMD

9DUQRVWQLNOMXþ

*XPE]DVSURVWLWHYEDWHULMH

0DWLFD

'LVWDQþQLN

5H]LOR
9$51267
232=25,/2
9FHORWLXSRãWHYDMWHYDUQRVWQDQDYRGLOD
2JOHMWHVLYDUQRVWQLSULURþQLN
1$0(67,7(9
232=25,/2
1HXSRUDELWHGRGDWQHRSUHPHNLMHQLSULSRURþLO
SURL]YDMDOHF
232=25,/2
9DUQRVWQHJDNOMXþDDOLDNXPXODWRUMDQHVPHWHYVWDYLWL
GRNOHUQLVWHVHVWDYLOLYVHKGHORY
 5$=3$.,5$1-(1$35$9(
232=25,/2
3UHGXSRUDERVHSUHSULþDMWHGDMHQDSUDYDSUDYLOQR
VHVWDYOMHQD
232=25,/2
ýHVRGHOLQDSUDYHSRãNRGRYDQLMHQHXSRUDEOMDMWH
ýHQLPDWHYVHKGHORYQDSUDYHQHXSRUDEOMDMWH
ýHVRGHOLSRãNRGRYDQLDOLPDQMNDMRVHREUQLWHQD
VHUYLVQLFHQWHU
 2GSULWHHPEDODåR
 3UHEHULWHGRNXPHQWHNLVRSULORåHQLYãNDWOL
 ,]ãNDWOHRGVWUDQLWHYVHQHVHVWDYOMHQHGHOH
 1DSUDYRRGVWUDQLWHL]ãNDWOH
 âNDWORLQHPEDODåR]DYU]LWHYVNODGX]ORNDOQLPLSUHGSLVL
 5$=3,5$1-(,11$67$9,7(9
632'1-(*$52ý$-$
6OLND
 =JRUQMLURþDMSRYOHFLWHQDY]JRULQQD]DMGDJDGYLJQHWHY
SRORåDM]DXSRUDER3UHSULþDMWHVHGDVHURþDMDSUDYLOQR
]DVNRþLWDQDPHVWR
 3ULYLMWHVSRGQMLURþDM]URþLFDPD]DKLWURVSURVWLWHYQD
REHKVWUDQHK
2320%$
3UHSULþDMWHVHGDVWDURþDMDYHQDNHPSRORåDMX
232=25,/2
3D]LWHGDPHGUD]SLUDQMHPLQ]ODJDQMHPURþDMDQH
SRãNRGXMHWHNDEORY
 1$0(67,7(9=*251-(*$
52ý$-$
6OLND
 3RUDYQDMWHOXNQMHY]JRUQMHPLQVSRGQMHPURþDMX
 6NR]LOXNQMLFHYVWDYLWHYLMDNH
 1DYLMDNHSULYLMWHJXPEH
 3RVWRSHNSRQRYLWHQDGUXJLVWUDQL
 1$0(âý$1-(.2â$5(=$
75$92
6OLND
 2GVWUDQLWHYWLþ]DPXOþHQMH
 2GSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDMLQMLKSULGUåLWH
 3ULPLWHNRãDUR]DWUDYR]DQMHQURþDMLQYVWDYLWHNDYOMH
SUHNUHå

6ORYHQãþLQD
6/
background
 =DSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDM
 1$0(67,7(997,ý$=$
08/ý(1-(
6OLND
 2GVWUDQLWHNRãDUR]DWUDYR
 2GSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDMLQMLKSULGUåLWH
 3ULPLWHYWLþ]DPXOþHQMH]DQMHJRYURþDMLQJDQDPHVWLWHY
L]PHWQLåOHE
 =DSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDM
 1$67$9,7(9,â,125(=,/$
5(=$1-$
5H]LODUH]DQMHODKNRQDVWDYLWHQDUD]OLþQHYLãLQH
6OLND
 ýHåHOLWHGYLJQLWLUH]LORYLãLQRUH]DQMDSRYOHFLWHURþLFR
]DQDVWDYLWHYQDSUHM
 ýHåHOLWHVSXVWLWLUH]LORYLãLQRUH]DQMDSRYOHFLWHURþLFR]D
QDVWDYLWHYYLãLQHQD]DM
 1$0(67,7(9$.808/$725-$
6OLND
232=25,/2
ýHMHDNXPXODWRUDOLSROQLOHFSRãNRGRYDQJD
]DPHQMDMWH
=DXVWDYLWHQDSUDYRLQSRþDNDMWHGDVHPRWRUSRYVHP
XVWDYLSUHGHQQDPHVWLWHDOLRGVWUDQLWHDNXPXODWRU
7HPHOMLWRSUHEHULWHLQXSRãWHYDMWHQDYRGLODJOHGH
DNXPXODWRUMDLQSROQLOQLND
232=25,/2
8325$%/-$-7(/(9%$7(5,-21(
8325$%/-$-7(%$7(5,-(='92-12
1$3(7267-2±9
2320%$
2EHEDWHULMLPRUDWHYVWDYLWLYSUHGDOþNDGDERVWHODKNR
]DJQDOLVWURM
 2GSULWHYUDWDDNXPXODWRUMD
 'YLåQH]DYLKNHQDDNXPXODWRUMXSRUDYQDMWH]XWRULQD
DNXPXODWRUMX
 $NXPXODWRUSRWLVQLWHYSURVWRU]DDNXPXODWRUGRNOHUVH
QHXVHGHQDVYRMHPHVWR
 .RVOLãLWHNOLNMHDNXPXODWRUQDPHãþHQ
 3RQRYLWHHQDNR]GUXJREDWHULMR
 =DSULWHYUDWDDNXPXODWRUMD
2320%$
0RWRUVH]DåHQHãHOHWDNUDWNRYVWDYLWHYDUQRVWLNOMXþ
 2'675$1,7(9$.808/$725-$
6OLND
 2GSULWHYUDWDDNXPXODWRUMD
 ,]YOHFLWHYDUQRVWLNOMXþ
 3RWLVQLWHLQGUåLWHJXPE]DVSURVWLWHYDNXPXODWRUMD
 2GVWUDQLWHDNXPXODWRUL]QDSUDYH
'(/29$1-(
232=25,/2
0HGNRãQMRWUDYHQRVLWH]DãþLWQDRþDOD
 =$*211$35$9(
6OLND
2320%$
3UHGNRãQMRQDPHVWLWHNRãDUR]DWUDYR
 9VWDYLWHYDUQRVWQLNOMXþ
 3ULWLVQLWHLQGUåLWHJXPE]D]DJRQNRVLOQLFH
 3ULGUåLWHJXPE]D]DJRQQDWRSDSRYOHFLWHURþDMVWLNDOQH
RPDULFHYVPHULNUPLOD
 6SXVWLWHJXPE]D]DJRQGD]DåHQHWHNRVLOQLFR
 =$867$9,7(91$35$9(
6OLND
 6SXVWLWHURþDMVWLNDOQHRPDULFHGD]DXVWDYLWHQDSUDYR
232=25,/2
3UHGHQ]QRYD]DåHQHWHQDSUDYRSRþDNDMWHGDVHUH]LOR
SRSROQRPD]DXVWDYL.RVLOQLFHQHVPHWHKLWURL]NORSLWLLQMR
]QRYDYNORSLWL
232=25,/2
3RNRQþDQHPRSUDYLOXYHGQRRGVWUDQLWHYDUQRVWQLNOMXþLQ
DNXPXODWRUVNLVNORS
 35$=1-(1-(.2â$5(=$75$92
 =DXVWDYLWHQDSUDYR
 ,]YOHFLWHYDUQRVWLNOMXþ
 2GVWUDQLWHEDWHULMR
 2GSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDMLQMLKSULGUåLWH
 3ULPLWHNRãDUR]DWUDYR]DURþDMLQMRVQHPLWH]UHå
 =DSULWHYUDWD]DL]PHW]DGDM
 ,]SUD]QLWHNRãDUR]DWUDYR

6ORYHQãþLQD
6/
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 .2â1-$1$32%2ý-,+
232=25,/2
1HNRVLWHQDSRERþMLKþHMHQDNORQYHþMLRGýHYDP
NRãQMDQDSRERþMLKSUHGVWDYOMDWHåDYHWHJDQHSRþQLWH
1DSRERþMXQHNRVLWHYVPHULQDY]JRULQQDY]GRO.R
VSUHPLQMDWHVPHUQDSRERþMXERGLWH]HORSUHYLGQL
%RGLWHSR]RUQLQDOXNQMHNRUHQLQHNDPQHLQGUXJHVNULWH
SUHGPHWH]DUDGLNDWHULKODKNRSDGHWH2GVWUDQLWHYVH
RYLUHNRWVRVNDOHLQGUHYHVQHYHMH
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 2WNORSLWHLSULODJRGLWHGRQMXGUãNX
 0RQWLUDMWHJRUQMXUXþNX
 8JUDGQMDKYDWDþD]DWUDYX 
 8JUDGQMD]DWYDUDþD]DPDOþLUDQMH
 3RGHãDYDQMHYLVLQHQRåDNRãQMH
 8PHWQLWHEDWHULMX 
 8NORQLWHEDWHULMVNLPRGXO 
5XNRYDQMH 
 8NOMXþLYDQMHSURL]YRGD
 =DXVWDYOMDQMHVWURMD
 3UDåQMHQMHKYDWDþD]DWUDYX 
 8SRWUHEDQDQL]EUGLFL 
 6DYMHWL]DUDG 
2GUåDYDQMH
 2SüHQLWRRGUåDYDQMH
 =DPMHQDQRåD
 6NODGLãWHQMHVWURMD
2WNODQMDQMHSUREOHPD
7HKQLþNLSRGDFL
-DPVWYR
(=L]MDYDRVXNODGQRVWL

+UYDWVNL
+5
background
23,6
 695+$
2YDMVWURMNRULVWLVH]DNRãHQMHWUDYHXGRPDüLQVWYX5H]QL
QRåPRUDELWLXSULEOLåQRXVSRUHGQRPSRORåDMXXRGQRVXQD
WOR6YDþHWLULNRWDþDPRUDMXGRGLULYDWLWORGRNNRVLWH
 35(*/('
6OLNDa
3UHNLGDþQDUXþNL
*XPE]DSRNUHWDQMH
*RUQMDUXþND
'RQMDUXþND
9UDWDVWUDåQMHJLVSXVWD
9UDWDEDWHULMH
3ROXJD]DSRGHãDYDQMHYLVLQH
+YDWDþWUDYH
=DWYDUDþ]DPDOþLUDQMH

*XPE

6YRUQMDN

5XþLFD]DEU]RRWSXãWDQMH

.XND

%DWHULMVNLPRGXO

6LJXUQRVQLNOMXþ

*XPE]DRWSXãWDQMHEDWHULMH

0DWLFD

2GVWRMQLN

1Rå
6,*851267
832=25(1-(
3D]LWHGDVHSULGUåDYDWHVYLKXSXWHXYH]LVLJXUQRVWL
3RJOHGDMWHSULUXþQLN]DVLJXUQRVW
3267$9/-$1-(
832=25(1-(
1HPRMWHXSRWUHEOMDYDWLSULERUNRMLSURL]YRÿDþQLMH
SUHSRUXþLR
832=25(1-(
1HPRMWHXPHWDWLVLJXUQRVQLNOMXþLOLEDWHULMVNLPRGXOGRNQH
]DYUãLWHVDVDVWDYOMDQMHPVYLKGLMHORYD
 9$Ĉ(1-(6752-$,=$0%$/$ä(
832=25(1-(
3REULQLWHVHGDSURSLVQRVNORSLWHVWURMSULMHXSRWUHEH
832=25(1-(
6WURMQHPRMWHXSRWUHEOMDYDWLDNRVXGLMHORYLVWURMD
RãWHüHQL
$NRQHPDWHVYHGLMHORYHQHPRMWHXSRWUHEOMDYDWLVWURM
$NRVXGLMHORYLRãWHüHQLLOLDNRQHGRVWDMXREUDWLWHVH
VHUYLVQRPFHQWUX
 2WYRULWHSDNLUDQMH
 3URþLWDMWHGRNXPHQWDFLMXNRMXVWHGRELOLXSDNLUDQMX
 ,]YDGLWHVYHQHVDVWDYOMHQHGLMHORYHL]NXWLMH
 ,]YDGLWHVWURML]NXWLMH
 .XWLMXLDPEDODåX]EULQLWHXVNODGXVORNDOQLPSURSLVLPD
 27./23,7(,35,/$*2',7(
'21-8'5â.8
6OLND
 3RYXFLWHJRUQMXGUãNXJRUHLSUHPDQDWUDJNDNRELVWHMX
SRGLJQXOLXUDGQLSRORåDM3D]LWHGDGUãNHNOLNQXNDGD
VMHGQXQDVYRMHPMHVWR
 6WHJQLWHGRQMXGUãNXUXþLFDPD]DEU]RRWSXãWDQMHQDGYLMH
VWUDQH
1$320(1$
3D]LWHGDGYLMHUXþNHEXGXXLVWRPSRORåDMX
832=25(1-(
3D]LWHGDQHRãWHWLWHNDEHOHGRNSUHNODSDWHLOLUDVNODSDWH
UXþNX
 0217,5$-7(*251-858ý.8
6OLND
 3RUDYQDMWHUXSHQDJRUQMRMUXþNLLGRQMRMUXþNL
 3URYHGLWHYLMNHNUR]UXSH
 6WHJQLWHJXPEHQDYLMNH
 3URYHGLWHLVWXUDGQMXQDGUXJRMVWUDQL
 8*5$'1-$+9$7$ý$=$75$98
6OLND
 8NORQLWH]DWYDUDþ]DPDOþLUDQMH
 2WYRULWHYUDWDVWUDåQMHJLVSXVWDL]DGUåLWHLKXWRP
SRORåDMX
 'UåLWHKYDWDþWUDYH]DQMHJRYXUXþNXLVWDYLWHNXNHQDX
XWRUH
 =DWYRULWHYUDWDVWUDåQMHJL]OD]D
 8*5$'1-$=$79$5$ý$=$
0$/ý,5$1-(
6OLND
 8NORQLWHKYDWDþ]DWUDYX

+UYDWVNL
+5
background
 2WYRULWHYUDWDVWUDåQMHJLVSXVWDL]DGUåLWHLKXWRP
SRORåDMX
 'UåLWH]DWYDUDþ]DPDOþLUDQMH]DUXþNXLSRVWDYLWHJDX
L]OD]QLQDVWDYDN
 =DWYRULWHYUDWDVWUDåQMHJL]OD]D
 32'(â$9$1-(9,6,1(12ä$
.2â1-(
6WURMVHPRåHQDPMHVWLWLQDUD]OLþLWHYLVLQHQRåDNRãQMH
6OLND
 =DSRYHüDQMHYLVLQHQRåDNRãQMHSRYXFLWHUXþLFX]D
SRGHãDYDQMHYLVLQHSUHPDQDSULMHG
 =DVPDQMHQMHYLVLQHQRåDNRãQMHSRYXFLWHUXþLFX]D
SRGHãDYDQMHYLVLQHSUHPDQDWUDJ
 80(71,7(%$7(5,-8
6OLND
832=25(1-(
$NRVXEDWHULMVNLPRGXOLOLSXQMDþRãWHüHQL]DPLMHQLWH
EDWHULMVNLPRGXOLOLSXQMDþ
=DXVWDYLWHVWURMLSULþHNDMWHGDVHPRWRU]DXVWDYLSULMH
XJUDGQMHLOLXNODQMDQMDEDWHULMVNRJPRGXOD
3URþLWDMWHXSR]QDMWHLVOLMHGLWHXSXWH]DEDWHULMVNLL
SXQMDþ
832=25(1-(
83275(%/-$9$-7(6$02%$7(5,-82'9
1(02-7(83275(%/-$9$7,%$7(5,-86
'926758.,01$321209
1$320(1$
=DSRNUHWDQMHVWURMDREMHMHEDWHULMHSRWUHEQRVWDYLWLX
SUHWLQFH
 2WYRULWHSUHWLQDFEDWHULMH
 3RUDYQDMWHL]ERþHQMDQDEDWHULMVNRPPRGXOXVD
åOMHERYLPDXRGMHOMNX]DEDWHULMX
 *XUQLWHEDWHULMVNLPRGXOXRGMHOMDN]DEDWHULMXWDNRGD
EDWHULMVNLPRGXOXVNRþLQDVYRMHPMHVWR
 .DG]DþXMHWHNOLNEDWHULMVNLPRGXOMHXJUDÿHQ
 8þLQLWHLVWLSRVWXSDNVGUXJRPEDWHULMRP
 =DWYRULWHYUDWDãFD]DEDWHULMH
1$320(1$
0RWRUüHVHSRNUHQXWLVDPRNDGDMHXPHWQXWVLJXUQRVQL
NOMXþ
 8./21,7(%$7(5,-6.,02'8/
6OLND
 2WYRULWHSUHWLQDFEDWHULMH
 ,]YDGLWHVLJXUQRVQLNOMXþ
 3ULWLVQLWHLGUåLWHJXPE]DRVOREDÿDQMHEDWHULMH
 ,]YDGLWHEDWHULMVNLPRGXOL]VWURMD
58.29$1-(
832=25(1-(
1RVLWH]DãWLWX]DRþLWLMHNRPUDGD
 8./-8ý,9$1-(352,=92'$
6OLND
1$320(1$
+YDWDþ]DWUDYXPRQWLUDMWHSULMHNRãQMH
 8WDNQLWHVLJXUQRVQLNOMXþ
 3ULWLVQLWHLGUåLWHJXPE]DSRNUHWDQMH
 'RNGUåLWHSULWLVQXWLPJXPE]DSRNUHWDQMHSRYXFLWH
UXþLFXNXWLMHVDVNORSNRPXVPMHUXUXþQHãLSNH
 2WSXVWLWHJXPE]DSRNUHWDQMHGDELVWHSRNUHQXOLVWURM
 =$867$9/-$1-(6752-$
6OLND
 2WSXVWLWHVLJXUQRVQXVNORSNXGD]DXVWDYLWHUDGVWURMD
832=25(1-(
3ULþHNDMWHGDVHQRåHYLGRNUDMD]DXVWDYHWHNWDGDSRQRYQR
SRNUHQLWHVWURM1HPRMWHLVNOMXþLWLNRVLOLFXSDMXRGPDK
XNOMXþLWL
832=25(1-(
,]YDGLWHVLJXUQRVQLNOMXþLEDWHULMVNLPRGXONDGD]DYUãLWHV
UDGRP
 35$ä1-(1-(+9$7$ý$=$
75$98
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 ,]YDGLWHVLJXUQRVQLNOMXþ
 8NORQLWHEDWHULMVNLPRGXO
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 &pO
 ÈWWHNLQWpV
%L]WRQViJ 
7HOHStWpV
 $JpSNLFVRPDJROiVD
 &VRPDJROMDNLpViOOtWVDEHD]DOVyIRJDQW\~W
 +HO\H]]HIHODIHOVĘIRJDQW\~W 
 )ĦJ\ĦMWĘIHOKHO\H]pVH
 $YpGĘERUtWiVFVDWODNR]yIHOKHO\H]pVH
 ÈOOtWVDEHDSHQJHYiJiVPDJDVViJiW
 $]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJEHKHO\H]pVH
 $]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJNLYpWHOH
h]HPHOWHWpV 
 $JpSHOLQGtWiVD 
 $JpSOHiOOtWiVD 
 )ĦJ\ĦMWĘNLUtWpVH
 0ĦN|GWHWpVOHMWĘN|Q 
 7LSSHNDPĦN|GWHWpVKH] 
.DUEDQWDUWiV 
 ÈOWDOiQRVNDUEDQWDUWiV 
 &VHUpOMHNLDNpVW
 $JpSWiUROiVD 
+LEDHOKiUtWiV
0ĦV]DNLDGDWRN
-yWiOOiV
(.PHJIHOHOĘVpJLQ\LODWNR]DW

0DJ\DU
+8
background
/(Ë5È6
 &e/
(]DJpSKi]LIĦQ\tUiVUDNpV]OW$YiJySHQJpQHNN|UOEHOO
SiUKX]DPRVQDNNHOOOHQQLHDWDODMMDO0LQGDQpJ\NHUpNQHN
KR]]iNHOOpUQLHDWDODMKR]IĦQ\tUiVN|]EHQ
 È77(.,17e6
aiEUD
)RJDQW\~NDSFVROy
,QGtWyJRPE
)HOVĘIRJDQW\~
$OVyIRJDQW\~
+iWVyNLGREyDMWy
$NNXPXOiWRUWDUWyIHGpO
0DJDVViJEHiOOtWyNDU
)ĦJ\ĦMWĘ
$SUtWpNFVDWODNR]y

*RPE

&VDYDU

*\RUVNLROGyNDU

.DPSy

$NNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJ

%L]WRQViJLNXOFV

$NNXPXOiWRUNLROGyJRPE

$Q\D

7iYWDUWy

3HQJH
%,=7216È*
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
7DUWVRQEHPLQGHQEL]WRQViJLXWDVtWiVW
/iVGDEL]WRQViJL~WPXWDWyW
7(/(3Ë7e6
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
1HKDV]QiOMRQRO\DQWDUWR]pNRNDWDPHO\HNHWDJ\iUWyQHP
MDYDVRO
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
1HGXJMDEHDEL]WRQViJLNXOFVRWYDJ\D]
DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJHWDPtJPLQGHQDONDWUpV]W|VV]HQHP
V]HUHOW
 $*e3.,&620$*2/È6$
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
+DV]QiODWHOĘWWHOOHQĘUL]]HKRJ\PHJIHOHOĘHQV]HUHOWHH
|VV]HDJpSHW
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
$PHQQ\LEHQDJpSDONDWUpV]HLPHJVpUOWHNDNNRUQH
KDV]QiOMDDJpSHW
+DQLQFVPHJPLQGHQDONDWUpV]QHPĦN|GWHVVHDJpSHW
+DDONDWUpV]HNVpUOWHNYDJ\KLiQ\R]QDNDNNRUYHJ\H
IHODNDSFVRODWRWDV]HUYL]N|]SRQWWDO
 1\LVVDNLDFVRPDJROiVW
 2OYDVVDHODGRER]EDQOpYĘGRNXPHQWiFLyW
 9HJ\HQNLPLQGHQQHP|VV]HV]HUHOWDONDWUpV]WDGRER]EyO
 9HJ\HNLDJpSHWDGRER]EyO
 $GRER]WpVDFVRPDJROyDQ\DJRWDKHO\LV]DEiO\RNQDN
PHJIHOHOĘHQiUWDOPDWODQtWVD
 &620$*2/-$.,e6È//Ë76$%(
$=$/6Ï)2*$17<Ò7
ÈEUD
 +~]]DIHOIHOppVYLVV]DIHOpDIHOVĘIRJDQW\~WH]]HO
IHOHPHOLDIRJDQW\~WD]]HPLKHO\]HWEH%L]RQ\RVRGMRQ
PHJUyODKRJ\DIRJDQW\~NKHO\HVHQLOOHV]NHGWHNEHD
KHO\NUH
 6]RUtWVDPHJD]DOVyIRJDQW\~WDJ\RUVNLROGyNDURNNDO
PLQGNpWROGDORQ
0(*-(*<=e6
%L]RQ\RVRGMRQPHJUyODKRJ\PLQGNpWIRJDQW\~KHO\HVHQ
LOOHV]NHGHWWEHDKHO\pUH
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
$NiEHOHNQHVpUOMHQHNPHJDPLNRU|VV]HFVXNMDYDJ\
NLQ\LWMDDIRJDQW\~W
 +(/<(==()(/$)(/6ė
)2*$17<Ò7
iEUD
 ,OOHVV]HDO\XNDNDWDIHOVĘpVDOVyIRJDQW\~KR]
 'XJMDiWDFVDYDURNDWDO\XNDNRQ
 +~]]DPHJDJRPERNDWDFVDYDURNNDO
 ,VPpWHOMHPHJXJ\DQH]WDPĦYHOHWHWDPiVLNROGDORQ
 )ĥ*<ĥ-7ė)(/+(/<(=e6(
ÈEUD
 9HJ\HOHD]DSUtWpNFVDWODNR]yW
 1\LVVDNLDKiWVyNLGREyDMWyWpVWDUWVDNLQ\LWYD

0DJ\DU
+8
background
 7DUWVDDIĦJ\ĦMWĘWDIRJDQW\~QiOIRJYDpVDNDVV]DEHD
NDPSyNDWDQ\tOiVRNED
 =iUMDOHDKiWVyNLGREyDMWyW
 $9e'ė%25Ë7È6&6$7/$.2=Ï
)(/+(/<(=e6(
iEUD
 9HJ\HOHDIĦJ\ĦMWĘW
 1\LVVDNLDKiWVyIĦJ\ĦMWĘDMWyWpVWDUWVDPHJ
 7DUWVDDYpGĘERUtWiVFVDWODNR]yWDIRJDQW\~QiOIRJYDpV
LOOHVV]HDIĦJ\ĦMWĘUHNHV]EH
 =iUMDOHDKiWVyIĦJ\ĦMWĘUHNHV]DMWyW
 È//Ë76$%($3(1*(9È*È6
0$*$66È*È7
$JpSHQNO|QE|]ĘSHQJHYiJiVPDJDVViJRNiOOtWKDWyNEH
iEUD
 7ROMDHOĘUHIHOpDPDJDVViJiOOtWyNDUWDSHQJHYiJiV
PDJDVViJiQDNQ|YHOpVpKH]
 7ROMDHOĘUHIHOpDPDJDVViJiOOtWyNDUWDSHQJHYiJiV
PDJDVViJiQDNFV|NNHQWpVpKH]
 $=$..808/È725(*<6e*
%(+(/<(=e6(
iEUD
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
+DD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJYDJ\DW|OWĘVpUOWDNNRU
FVHUpOMHNLD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJHWYDJ\DW|OWĘW
ÈOOtWVDOHDJpSHWpVYiUMRQDPtJDPRWRUOHiOOPLHOĘWW
IHOKHO\H]LYDJ\OHYHV]LD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJHW
2OYDVVDHOLVPHUMHPHJpVWDUWVDEHDNNXPXOiWRUpVD
W|OWĘKDV]QiODWL~WPXWDWyMiEDQOpYĘXWDVtWiVRNDW
),*<(/0(=7(7e6
&6$.926$..808/È7257+$6=1È/-21
1(+$6=1È/-21.(77ė6)(6=h/76e*ĥ9
26$..808/È7257
0(*-(*<=e6
$JpSLQGtWiViKR]PLQGNpWDNNXPXOiWRUWEHNHOOKHO\H]QLD
WDUWyED
 1\LVVDNLD]DNNXPXOiWRUWDUWyDMWDMiW
 ,OOHVV]HD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJHQOpYĘHPHOĘERUGiNDWD]
DNNXPXOiWRUWDUWyEDQOpYĘKRUQ\RNED
 7ROMDEHDNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJHWD]DNNXPXOiWRUWDUWyED
DPtJD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJDKHO\pUHQHPU|J]O
 $PLNRUNDWWDQiVWKDOOD]DNNXPXOiWRUHJ\VpJEHYDQ
KHO\H]YH
 8J\DQH]WDPĦYHOHWHWKDMWVDYpJUHDPiVLN
DNNXPXOiWRUUDOLV
 =iUMDOHD]DNNXPXOiWRUWDUWyDMWDMiW
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Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ 
 ɐɟɥ
 ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞ
Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ 
 Ɋɚɡɨɩɚɤɨɜɚɧɟɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 Ɋɚɡɝɴɜɚɧɟɢɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɞɨɥɧɚɬɚ
ɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚ
 Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɨɪɧɚɬɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚ
 Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ 
 Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɥɨɠɤɚɬɚɡɚɬɨɪɟɧɟ
 ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɬɟɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚɧɨɠɚ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
 Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ 
 ɋɦɹɧɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ 
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ 
 ɋɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 ɋɩɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 ɂɡɩɪɚɡɜɚɧɟɧɚɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
 Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɩɨɞɧɚɤɥɨɧ
 ɋɴɜɟɬɢɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɚ 
ɉɨɞɞɪɴɠɤɚ
 Ɉɛɳɚɩɨɞɞɪɴɠɤɚ
 ɉɨɞɦɹɧɚɧɚɧɨɠɚ
 ɋɴɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ 
Ɉɬɫɬɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɟɧɚ
ɧɟɢɡɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɞɚɧɧɢ
Ƚɚɪɚɧɰɢɹ 
Ⱦɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɹɡɚɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ
ɧɚȿɈ

ɛɴɥɝɚɪɫɤɢ
%*
background
ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ
 ɐȿɅ
Ɍɚɡɢɦɚɲɢɧɚɫɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɡɚɤɨɫɟɧɟɧɚɬɪɟɜɚɩɪɢɞɨɦɚɲɧɢ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɊɟɠɟɳɢɬɟɧɨɠɨɜɟɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɚɬ
ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɧɨɭɫɩɨɪɟɞɧɢɧɚɡɟɦɹɬɚȼɫɢɱɤɢɱɟɬɢɪɢ
ɤɨɥɟɥɚɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɬɡɟɦɹɬɚɞɨɤɚɬɨɤɨɫɢɬɟ
 ɉɊȿȽɅȿȾ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚa
Ⱦɪɴɠɤɚɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥ
ɋɬɚɪɬɛɭɬɨɧ
Ƚɨɪɧɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚ
Ⱦɨɥɧɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚ
Ɂɚɞɧɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ
ȼɪɚɬɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
Ʌɨɫɬɡɚɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
Ʉɨɲɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ȼɥɨɠɤɚɡɚɬɨɪɟɧɟ

Ȼɭɬɨɧ

Ȼɨɥɬ

Ʌɨɫɬɡɚɛɴɪɡɨɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɜɚɧɟ

Ʉɭɤɚ

Ⱥɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ

Ʉɥɸɱɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ

Ȼɭɬɨɧɡɚɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɜɚɧɟɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ

Ƚɚɣɤɚ

Ɋɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥ

ɇɨɠ
ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɫɥɟɞɜɚɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɡɚ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
Ɉɛɴɪɧɟɬɟɫɟɤɴɦɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɬɨɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɚɤɫɟɫɨɚɪɢɤɨɢɬɨɧɟɫɚɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɚɧɢɨɬ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɟɩɨɫɬɚɜɹɣɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɥɢ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɞɨɤɚɬɨɧɟɫɬɟɩɪɢɤɥɸɱɢɥɢɫɴɫ
ɫɝɥɨɛɹɜɚɧɟɬɨɧɚɜɫɢɱɤɢɱɚɫɬɢ
 ɊȺɁɈɉȺɄɈȼȺɇȿɇȺɆȺɒɂɇȺɌȺ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɫɬɟɫɝɥɨɛɢɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɩɨɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳ
ɧɚɱɢɧɩɪɟɞɢɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
Ⱥɤɨɱɚɫɬɢɨɬɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɫɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɧɟ
ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
Ⱥɤɨɧɟɪɚɡɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɟɫɜɫɢɱɤɢɱɚɫɬɢɧɟɪɚɛɨɬɟɬɟɫ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
Ⱥɤɨɱɚɫɬɢɬɟɫɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɢɥɢɥɢɩɫɜɚɬɫɜɴɪɠɟɬɟɫɟ
ɫɴɫɫɟɪɜɢɡɧɢɹɰɟɧɬɴɪ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɨɩɚɤɨɜɤɚɬɚ
 ɉɪɨɱɟɬɟɬɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɬɚɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɚɜɤɭɬɢɹɬɚ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɱɚɫɬɢɤɨɢɬɨɧɟɫɚɫɝɥɨɛɟɧɢɨɬ
ɤɭɬɢɹɬɚ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɨɬɤɭɬɢɹɬɚ
 ɂɡɯɜɴɪɥɟɬɟɤɭɬɢɹɬɚɢɨɩɚɤɨɜɴɱɧɢɹɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɜ
ɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɫɦɟɫɬɧɢɬɟɪɟɝɭɥɚɰɢɢ
 ɊȺɁȽɔȼȺɇȿɂɊȿȽɍɅɂɊȺɇȿɇȺ
ȾɈɅɇȺɌȺɊɔɄɈɏȼȺɌɄȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 ɂɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟɧɚɝɨɪɟɢɧɚɡɚɞɝɨɪɧɚɬɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɡɚɞɚ
ɩɨɜɞɢɝɧɟɬɟɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚɜɪɚɛɨɬɧɚɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɍɜɟɪɟɬɟ
ɫɟɱɟɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɢɬɟɳɪɚɤɜɚɬɜɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɬɟɫɢɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ
 Ɂɚɬɟɝɧɟɬɟɞɨɥɧɚɬɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɫɥɨɫɬɨɜɟɬɟɡɚɛɴɪɡɨ
ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɜɚɧɟɨɬɞɜɟɬɟɫɬɪɚɧɢ
ȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɞɜɟɬɟɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɢɫɚɧɚɟɞɧɚɤɜɢɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɟɩɪɚɜɟɬɟɳɟɬɢɩɨɤɚɛɟɥɢɬɟɤɨɝɚɬɨɫɝɴɜɚɬɟɢɥɢ
ɪɚɡɝɴɜɚɬɟɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚ
 ɆɈɇɌɂɊȺɇȿɇȺȽɈɊɇȺɌȺ
ɊɔɄɈɏȼȺɌɄȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 ɉɨɞɪɚɜɧɟɬɟɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɧɚɝɨɪɧɚɬɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɢɞɨɥɧɚɬɚ
ɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚ
 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɛɨɥɬɨɜɟɩɪɟɡɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟ
 Ɂɚɬɟɝɧɟɬɟɤɨɩɱɟɬɨɜɛɨɥɬɨɜɟɬɟ
 ɇɚɩɪɚɜɟɬɟɫɴɳɨɬɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɨɬɞɪɭɝɚɬɚɫɬɪɚɧɚ
 ɆɈɇɌɂɊȺɇȿɇȺɄɈɒȺɁȺ
ɌɊȿȼȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ

ɛɴɥɝɚɪɫɤɢ
%*
background
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɜɥɨɠɤɚɬɚɡɚɬɨɪɟɧɟ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɢɹɡɚɞɪɴɠɬɟ
 Ⱦɪɴɠɬɟɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚɡɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚɦɭɢɡɚɤɚɱɟɬɟ
ɤɭɤɢɬɟɜɴɪɯɭɩɪɨɪɟɡɢɬɟ
 Ɂɚɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ
 ɆɈɇɌɂɊȺɇȿɇȺȼɅɈɀɄȺɌȺɁȺ
ɌɈɊȿɇȿ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɢɹɡɚɞɪɴɠɬɟ
 Ⱦɪɴɠɬɟɜɥɨɠɤɚɬɚɡɚɬɨɪɟɧɟɡɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɢɬɟɢɹ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɜɨɬɜɟɠɞɚɳɢɹɭɥɟɣ
 Ɂɚɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ
 ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɌȿȼɂɋɈɑɂɇȺɌȺɇȺ
ɇɈɀȺȼɂɋɈɑɂɇȺɌȺɁȺɊəɁȺɇȿ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɛɴɞɟɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɚɡɚɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɢɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɢ
ɧɚɧɨɠɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɢɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 ɂɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟɥɨɫɬɚɡɚɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɧɚɩɪɟɞɡɚɞɚɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɟɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚɧɨɠɚ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
 ɂɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟɥɨɫɬɚɡɚɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɧɚɡɚɞɡɚɞɚɧɚɦɚɥɢɬɟɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚɧɨɠɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
 ɆɈɇɌɂɊȺɇȿɇȺ
ȺɄɍɆɍɅȺɌɈɊɇȺɌȺȻȺɌȿɊɂə
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
Ⱥɤɨɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɢɥɢɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɬɨ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɫɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɩɨɞɦɟɧɟɬɟɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɢɥɢɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɬɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɋɩɪɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɢɢɡɱɚɤɚɣɬɟɞɨɤɚɬɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬɧɟ
ɫɩɪɟɩɪɟɞɢɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɟɢɥɢɫɧɟɦɚɧɟɧɚ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
ɉɪɨɱɟɬɟɬɟɡɚɩɨɡɧɚɣɬɟɫɟɢɫɩɚɡɜɚɣɬɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɬɟ
ɜɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɬɨɢɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚɢɡɚɪɹɞɧɨɬɨ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ȾȺɋȿɂɁɉɈɅɁȼȺɋȺɆɈȻȺɌȿɊɂəɈɌ9ȾȺ
ɇȿɋȿɂɁɉɈɅɁȼȺȻȺɌȿɊɂəɋȾȼɈȿɇȼɈɅɌȺɀ
9
ȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ
ɂɞɜɟɬɟɛɚɬɟɪɢɢɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɫɚɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɢɜɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɬɚ
ɡɚɞɚɦɨɠɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɞɚɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 ɉɨɞɪɚɜɧɟɬɟɪɟɛɪɚɬɚɡɚɩɨɜɞɢɝɚɧɟɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɫɠɥɟɛɨɜɟɬɟɜɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɜɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚɞɨɤɚɬɨɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɧɟɫɟ
ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɜɦɹɫɬɨɬɨ
 Ʉɨɝɚɬɨɱɭɟɬɟɳɪɚɤɜɚɧɟɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɟ
ɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɚ
 ɇɚɩɪɚɜɟɬɟɫɴɳɚɬɚɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɫɞɪɭɝɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
 Ɂɚɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
ȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɨɤɨɝɚɬɨɜɤɚɪɚɬɟɤɥɸɱɚ
ɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
 ɋɆəɇȺɇȺȺɄɍɆɍɅȺɌɈɊɇȺɌȺ
ȻȺɌȿɊɂə
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɜɪɚɬɚɬɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
 ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɢɡɚɞɪɴɠɬɟɛɭɬɨɧɚɡɚɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɜɚɧɟɧɚ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 ɋɧɟɦɟɬɟɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɨɬɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɊȺȻɈɌȺ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɨɫɟɬɟɡɚɳɢɬɚɡɚɨɱɢɬɟɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚ
 ɋɌȺɊɌɂɊȺɇȿɇȺɆȺɒɂɇȺɌȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
ȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ
Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɣɬɟɧɚɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚɩɪɟɞɢɤɨɫɟɧɟ
 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
 ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟɢɡɚɞɪɴɠɬɟɫɬɚɪɬɛɭɬɨɧɚ
 Ⱦɨɤɚɬɨɫɬɟɡɚɞɴɪɠɚɥɢɫɬɚɪɬɛɭɬɨɧɚɢɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ
ɞɪɴɠɤɚɬɚɧɚɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥɧɚɬɚɤɭɬɢɹɜɩɨɫɨɤɚɧɚ
ɤɨɪɦɢɥɧɢɹɥɨɫɬ
 Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɫɬɚɪɬɛɭɬɨɧɚɡɚɞɚɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 ɋɉɂɊȺɇȿɇȺɆȺɒɂɇȺɌȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
 Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɞɪɴɠɤɚɬɚɧɚɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥɧɚɬɚɤɭɬɢɹɡɚ
ɞɚɫɩɪɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɂɡɱɚɤɚɣɬɟɞɨɤɚɬɨɧɨɠɴɬɫɩɪɟɧɚɩɴɥɧɨɩɪɟɞɢɞɚ
ɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɬɟɨɬɧɨɜɨɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɇɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɣɬɟɢ
ɢɡɤɥɸɱɜɚɣɬɟɛɴɪɡɨɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ

ɛɴɥɝɚɪɫɤɢ
%*
background
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ȼɢɧɚɝɢɢɡɜɚɠɞɚɣɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɤɨɝɚɬɨɩɪɢɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɪɚɛɨɬɚ
 ɂɁɉɊȺɁȼȺɇȿɇȺɄɈɒȺɁȺ
ɌɊȿȼȺ
 ɋɩɪɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
 ɉɪɟɦɚɯɧɟɬɟɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
 Ɉɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɢɹɡɚɞɪɴɠɬɟ
 Ⱦɪɴɠɬɟɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚɡɚɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚɢɝɨɨɬɤɚɱɟɬɟɨɬ
ɩɪɨɪɟɡɢɬɟ
 Ɂɚɬɜɨɪɟɬɟɡɚɞɧɚɬɚɢɡɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ
 ɂɡɩɪɚɡɧɟɬɟɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
 ɊȺȻɈɌȺɉɈȾɇȺɄɅɈɇ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɟɤɨɫɟɬɟɩɨɫɤɥɨɧɨɜɟɫɧɚɤɥɨɧɩɨɜɟɱɟɨɬȺɤɨɧɟɫɟ
ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɬɟɭɞɨɛɧɨɧɟɤɨɫɟɬɟɩɨɫɤɥɨɧɨɜɟ
ɇɟɨɬɢɜɚɣɬɟɧɚɝɨɪɟɢɥɢɧɚɞɨɥɭɩɨɧɚɤɥɨɧɚɤɨɝɚɬɨ
ɤɨɫɢɬɟɩɨɧɚɩɪɟɱɧɨɩɨɧɟɝɨɜɨɬɨɩɪɨɞɴɥɠɟɧɢɟ
ȼɧɢɦɚɜɚɣɬɟɤɨɝɚɬɨɫɦɟɧɹɬɟɩɨɫɨɤɚɬɚɧɚɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ
ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɜɚɣɬɟɡɚɞɭɩɤɢɤɨɪɟɧɢɤɚɦɴɧɢɢɞɪɭɝɢ
ɫɤɪɢɬɢɨɛɟɤɬɢɤɨɢɬɨɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɩɪɢɱɢɧɹɬɩɚɞɚɧɟ
ɉɪɟɦɚɯɧɟɬɟɜɫɢɱɤɢɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹɤɚɬɨɤɚɦɴɧɢɢɤɥɨɧɢ
ɨɬɞɴɪɜɟɬɚ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɤɪɚɤɚɬɚɜɢɫɚɫɬɚɛɢɥɧɢȺɤɨɫɬɟɢɡɜɴɧ
ɛɚɥɚɧɫɧɟɡɚɛɚɜɧɨɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟɞɪɴɠɤɚɬɚ
ɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥ
ɇɟɤɨɫɟɬɟɜɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɞɨɩɪɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹɤɚɧɚɜɤɢɢɥɢ
ɧɚɫɢɩɢ
 ɋɔȼȿɌɂɁȺɊȺȻɈɌȺ
ɇɟɫɟɨɩɢɬɜɚɣɬɟɞɚɡɚɨɛɢɤɨɥɢɬɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɚɧɚɛɭɬɨɧɚɡɚ
ɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɧɟɢɥɢɞɪɴɠɤɚɬɚɧɚɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥɧɚɬɚ
ɤɭɬɢɹ
ɇɟɧɚɤɥɚɧɹɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɤɨɝɚɬɨɹɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɬɟ
ɇɟɩɨɫɬɚɜɹɣɬɟɪɴɰɟɬɟɢɥɢɤɪɚɤɚɬɚɫɢɜɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢɥɢ
ɩɨɞɜɴɪɬɹɳɢɬɟɫɟɱɚɫɬɢ
ɉɨɞɞɴɪɠɚɣɬɟɱɢɫɬɨɬɜɟɠɞɚɳɢɹɭɥɟɣ
ɇɟɤɨɫɟɬɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɟɩɨɜɢɫɨɤɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɧɚɧɨɠɚɡɚɧɨɜɚɢɥɢ
ɞɟɛɟɥɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ɉɨɱɢɫɬɟɬɟɞɴɧɨɬɨɧɚɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɬɚɧɚɤɨɫɚɱɤɚɬɚɫɥɟɞ
ɜɫɹɤɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚɈɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɬɟɢɡɪɹɡɚɧɚɬɚɬɪɟɜɚɥɢɫɬɚɬɚ
ɤɚɥɬɚɢɞɪɭɝɢɬɟɨɬɩɚɞɴɰɢ
ɉɈȾȾɊɔɀɄȺ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɨɬɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɩɪɟɞɢɩɨɞɞɪɴɠɤɚ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɉɨɞɞɴɪɠɚɣɬɟɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɢɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚɱɢɫɬɢɨɬɬɪɟɜɚ
ɥɢɫɬɚɢɥɢɬɜɴɪɞɟɦɧɨɝɨɝɪɟɫ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɨɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɢɱɚɫɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɜɚɣɬɟɫɩɢɪɚɱɧɢɬɟɱɧɨɫɬɢɛɟɧɡɢɧɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɧɚɩɟɬɪɨɥɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɞɚɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɬ
ɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɨɜɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɢɏɢɦɢɤɚɥɢɬɟɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɩɪɟɞɢɡɜɢɤɚɬ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɚɧɚɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɚɬɚɢɞɚɧɚɩɪɚɜɹɬɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɚɬɚ
ɧɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɟɦɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ
ɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɫɢɥɧɢɪɚɡɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢɢɥɢɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɢɡɚ
ɩɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟɩɨɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɨɜɢɹɤɨɪɩɭɫɢɥɢɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢɬɟ
ȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ
ɉɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɢɬɟɥɟɧɦɨɦɟɧɬɧɚɡɚɬɹɝɚɧɟEɧɨɠɚɇɦ
 ɈȻɓȺɉɈȾȾɊɔɀɄȺ
ɉɪɟɞɢɜɫɹɤɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɡɚ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɥɢɩɫɜɚɳɢɢɥɢɪɚɡɯɥɚɛɟɧɢɱɚɫɬɢɤɚɬɨ
ɜɢɧɬɨɜɟɝɚɣɤɢɛɨɥɬɨɜɟɢɤɚɩɚɱɤɢ
Ɂɚɬɟɝɧɟɬɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨɜɫɢɱɤɢɡɚɤɨɩɱɚɥɤɢɢɤɚɩɚɱɤɢ
ɉɨɱɢɫɬɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɫɴɫɫɭɯɚɤɴɪɩɚɇɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟ
ɜɨɞɚ
 ɉɈȾɆəɇȺɇȺɇɈɀȺ
Ɏɢɝɭɪɚ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɨɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɢɧɨɠɨɜɟ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɨɫɟɬɟɞɟɛɟɥɢɪɴɤɚɜɢɰɢɢɥɢɧɚɦɨɬɚɣɬɟɩɥɚɬɨɤɨɥɨ
ɧɨɠɚɤɨɝɚɬɨɝɨɞɨɤɨɫɜɚɬɟ
 ɋɩɪɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
 ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɧɨɠɴɬɟɧɚɩɴɥɧɨɫɩɪɹɥ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɢɹɤɥɸɱɢɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 Ɂɚɜɴɪɬɟɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɧɚɫɬɪɚɧɚ
 ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɩɚɪɱɟɞɴɪɜɨɡɚɞɚɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɟ
ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɧɚɧɨɠɚ

ɛɴɥɝɚɪɫɤɢ
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background
 Ɉɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɬɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɢɹɜɢɧɬɢɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɪɚɳɢɹ
ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɫɝɚɟɱɟɧɤɥɸɱɢɥɢɝɧɟɡɞɨɜɤɥɸɱ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɧɨɠɚ
 Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɣɬɟɧɨɜɧɨɠɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɞɜɟɬɟɫɬɨɣɤɢɫɟ
ɡɚɰɟɩɜɚɬɜɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɧɚɧɨɠɚ
 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɪɚɳɢɹɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɡɚɬɟɝɧɟɬɟ
ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɢɹɜɢɧɬɤɨɣɬɨɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɢɯɬɟ
 ɋɔɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿɇȺɆȺɒɂɇȺɌȺ
ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚɡɚɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ
ɋɦɹɧɚɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
ɉɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɩɪɟɞɢɫɴɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬɧɟɟɝɨɪɟɳɤɨɝɚɬɨ
ɩɪɢɛɢɪɚɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɩɨɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɧɹɦɚɪɚɡɯɥɚɛɟɧɢɢɥɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɞɟɬɚɣɥɢȺɤɨɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɢɡɜɴɪɲɟɬɟ
ɬɟɡɢɫɬɴɩɤɢɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɉɨɞɦɟɧɟɬɟɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɢɬɟɞɟɬɚɣɥɢ
Ɂɚɬɟɝɧɟɬɟɛɨɥɬɨɜɟɬɟ
Ɉɛɴɪɧɟɬɟɫɟɤɴɦɥɢɰɟɜɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɫɟɪɜɢɡɟɧɰɟɧɬɴɪ
ɋɴɯɪɚɧɹɜɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɜɫɭɯɚɡɨɧɚ
ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɞɟɰɚɧɟɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɞɨɛɥɢɠɚɬɞɨ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɈɌɋɌɊȺɇəȼȺɇȿɇȺ
ɇȿɂɁɉɊȺȼɇɈɋɌɂ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦ ȼɴɡɦɨɠɧɚ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ɋɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚɧɟɟ
ɜɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ
Ȼɨɥɬɨɜɟɬɟɧɟɫɚ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ
ɡɚɰɟɩɟɧɢ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɣɬɟ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚɫɟ
ɭɜɟɪɟɬɟɱɟ
ɤɨɩɱɟɬɚɬɚɢ
ɛɨɥɬɨɜɟɬɟɫɚ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ
ɩɨɞɪɚɜɧɟɧɢ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɧɟ
ɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚ
Ⱥɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɟ
ɢɡɬɨɳɟɧɚ
Ɂɚɪɟɞɟɬɟ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
Ɋɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚ
ɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥɟ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟɧɚ
ɉɨɞɦɟɧɟɬɟ
ɪɴɤɨɯɜɚɬɤɚɬɚ
ɩɪɟɜɤɥɸɱɜɚɬɟɥ
Ʉɥɸɱɴɬɧɚ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚɧɟɟ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɧ
ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟɤɥɸɱɚ
ɧɚɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɪɟɠɟ
ɬɪɟɜɚ
ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ
Ɍɪɟɜɧɚɬɚɩɥɨɳɟ
ɝɪɭɛɚ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɟɬɟɡɨɧɚɬɚ
ɡɚɤɨɫɟɧɟ
ȼɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɧɟɟ
ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɣɬɟ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟɧɚɩɨ
ɜɢɫɨɤɚɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦ ȼɴɡɦɨɠɧɚ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɧɟ
ɬɨɪɢɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ
Ɉɬɪɹɡɴɰɢɦɨɤɪɚ
ɬɪɟɜɚɫɚɫɟ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɥɢɤɴɦ
ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ
ɂɡɱɚɤɚɣɬɟɞɨɤɚɬɨ
ɬɪɟɜɚɬɚɫɟ
ɢɡɫɭɲɢɩɪɟɞɢ
ɤɨɫɟɧɟ
ȼɥɨɠɤɚɬɚɡɚ
ɬɨɪɟɧɟɥɢɩɫɜɚ
Ɇɨɧɬɢɪɚɣɬɟ
ɜɥɨɠɤɚɬɚɡɚ
ɬɨɪɟɧɟ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɟ
ɬɪɭɞɧɚɡɚɛɭɬɚɧɟ
Ɍɪɟɜɚɬɚɟɬɜɴɪɞɟ
ɜɢɫɨɤɚɢɥɢ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɟɬɜɴɪɞɟ
ɧɢɫɤɚ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɬɟ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
Ʉɨɲɴɬɡɚɬɪɟɜɚɢ
ɧɨɠɴɬɫɟ
ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɹɜɚɬɜ
ɞɟɛɟɥɚɬɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ɂɡɩɪɚɡɧɟɬɟ
ɢɡɪɹɡɚɧɚɬɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ɨɬɤɨɲɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
ɂɦɚɫɢɥɧɢ
ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢɜ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɇɨɠɴɬɟ
ɧɟɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɚɧɢ
ɢɡɧɨɫɟɧ
ɉɨɞɦɟɧɟɬɟɧɨɠɚ
ȼɚɥɴɬɧɚɦɨɬɨɪɚɟ
ɢɡɤɪɢɜɟɧ
 ɋɩɪɟɬɟ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
 ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɢɹ
ɤɥɸɱɢ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚ
 Ɋɚɡɟɞɢɧɟɬɟ
ɢɡɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɧɚ
ɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɧɟ
 ɉɪɨɜɟɪɟɬɟɡɚ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɚ
 ɉɨɩɪɚɜɟɬɟ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ
ɩɪɟɞɢɨɬɧɨɜɨ
ɞɚɹ
ɫɬɚɪɬɢɪɚɬɟ
Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɫɩɢɪɚ
ɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ
ɤɨɫɟɧɟ
ȼɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɟɬɜɴɪɞɟ
ɧɢɫɤɚ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɬɟ
ɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚɧɚ
ɧɨɠɚɜɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɬɚ
ɡɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ
Ⱥɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹɟ
ɢɡɬɨɳɟɧɚ
Ɂɚɪɟɞɟɬɟ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
Ɉɬɪɹɡɴɰɢɬɪɟɜɚ
ɫɚɫɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɥɢ
ɩɨɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ
ɢɥɢɩɨɧɨɠɚ
ɂɡɜɚɞɟɬɟ
ɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɚɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɬɟ
ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ
Ɋɚɛɨɬɧɚɬɚ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɧɚ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚɟ
ɬɜɴɪɞɟɜɢɫɨɤɚ
Ɉɯɥɚɞɟɬɟ
ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ

ɛɴɥɝɚɪɫɤɢ
%*
background
Ⱥɤɨɧɟɦɨɠɟɬɟɞɚɧɚɦɟɪɢɬɟɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɧɚɬɟɡɢɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ
ɨɬɢɞɟɬɟɜɫɟɪɜɢɡɟɧɰɟɧɬɴɪ
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂȾȺɇɇɂ
ɇɚɩɪɟɠɟɧɢɟ 9
ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɛɟɡɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɜɚɧɟ ɦɢɧ
ɒɢɪɢɧɚɧɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ ɦɦ
ȼɢɫɨɱɢɧɚɧɚɪɹɡɚɧɟ ɦɦ
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Ɍɟɝɥɨɛɟɡɚɤɭɦɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɚɬɚ
ɛɚɬɟɪɢɹ
OEVNJ
ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɨɧɢɜɨɧɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɨ
ɧɚɥɹɝɚɧɟ
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ȼɢɛɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɫɟɤ
. ɦ
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ȽȺɊȺɇɐɂə
ɉɴɥɧɢɬɟɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɢɫɪɨɤɨɜɟɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɨɝɚɬɞɚɛɴɞɚɬ
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Ƚɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ*UHHQZRUNVɟɝɨɞɢɧɢɡɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɢɝɨɞɢɧɢ
ɡɚɛɚɬɟɪɢɢɬɟɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɫɤɚɱɚɫɬɧɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚɨɬɞɚɬɚɬɚ
ɧɚɡɚɤɭɩɭɜɚɧɟȽɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɢ
ɞɟɮɟɤɬɢȾɟɮɟɤɬɟɧɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɩɨɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚɦɨɠɟɞɚɛɴɞɟ
ɢɥɢɩɨɩɪɚɜɟɧɢɥɢɩɨɞɦɟɧɟɧɍɪɟɞɫɤɨɣɬɨɟɛɢɥɨ
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ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɜɪɴɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɬɨɧɚɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ
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ɢɡɧɨɫɜɚɧɟɧɚɱɚɫɬɢɧɟɫɟɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɬɨɬɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ
Ɉɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɧɚɬɚɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɧɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɧɟɫɟɜɥɢɹɟɨɬ
ɤɚɤɜɚɬɨɢɞɚɛɢɥɨɞɨɩɴɥɧɢɬɟɥɧɚɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɧɚɨɬ
ɞɢɫɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɪɚɢɥɢɬɴɪɝɨɜɟɰɚɧɚɞɪɟɛɧɨ
ȿɞɢɧɞɟɮɟɤɬɟɧɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɬɪɹɛɜɚɞɚɛɴɞɟɜɴɪɧɚɬɞɨɬɨɱɤɚɬɚ
ɧɚɡɚɤɭɩɭɜɚɧɟɡɚɞɚɫɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɪɟɤɥɚɦɚɰɢɹɩɨ
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ɛɟɥɟɠɤɚ
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ɋɔɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂȿɇȺȿɈ
ɂɦɟɢɚɞɪɟɫɧɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ
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ɋɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɨɬɨɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɚɦɟɱɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɴɬ
Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ Ʉɨɫɚɱɤɚɡɚɬɪɟɜɚ
Ɇɨɞɟɥ *;/0/0(
ɋɟɪɢɟɧɧɨɦɟɪ ȼɢɠɟɬɢɤɟɬɚɫɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɧɢ
ɫɬɨɣɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ
Ƚɨɞɢɧɚɧɚ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɚɧɟ
ȼɢɠɟɬɢɤɟɬɚɫɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɧɢ
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ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɢɧɚȿɈ
ȿɋ
(Ɉɢ(Ɉ
(ɋɢȿɋ
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ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ(Ɉ
ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɨɧɢɜɨɧɚɫɢɥɚɧɚɡɜɭɤɚ /
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ȆİȡȚȖȡĮijȒ
 ȈțȠʌȩȢ 
 ǼʌȚıțȩʌȘıȘ 
ǹıijȐȜİȚĮ
ǼȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ 
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮĮʌȩIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ
 DZȞȠȚȖȝĮțĮȚȡȪșȝȚıȘIJȘȢțȐIJȦȜĮȕȒȢ
 ǼȖțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȘȞȐȞȦȜĮȕȒ
 ǼȖțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣ
 ǼȖțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȘȞIJȐʌĮțȐȜȣȥȘȢİįȐijȠȣȢ
 ȇȪșȝȚıȘIJȠȣȪȥȠȣȢȜİʌȓįĮȢțȠʌȒȢ
 ȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮ 
ȁİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮ
 ǼțțȓȞȘıȘIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢ
 ȈIJĮȝȐIJȘȝĮIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢ 
 ǹįİȚȐıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣ
 ȁİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮıİʌȜĮȖȚȑȢ 
 ȈȣȝȕȠȣȜȑȢȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ
ȈȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘ 
 īİȞȚțȒıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘ 
 ǹȞIJȚțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȘȜİʌȓįĮ
 ǹʌȠșȒțİȣıȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢ
ǹȞIJȚȝİIJȫʌȚıȘʌȡȠȕȜȘȝȐIJȦȞ 
ȉİȤȞȚțȐįİįȠȝȑȞĮ
ǼȖȖȪȘıȘ
ǻȒȜȦıȘıȣȝȝȩȡijȦıȘȢǼǼ
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ȆǼȇǿīȇǹĭdz
 ȈȀȅȆǵȈ
ȉȠʌĮȡȩȞȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJĮȚȖȚĮțȠʌȒȖȡĮıȚįȚȠȪıİ
ȠȚțȓİȢǾȜİʌȓįĮțȠʌȒȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİȓȞĮȚıȤİįȩȞʌĮȡȐȜȜȘȜȘȝİ
IJȠȑįĮijȠȢȀĮȚȠȚIJȑııİȡȚȢIJȡȠȤȠȓʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮȖȖȓȗȠȣȞIJȠ
ȑįĮijȠȢİȞȫțȩȕİIJİ
 ǼȆǿȈȀǵȆǾȈǾ
ǼȚțȩȞĮa
ǻȚĮțȩʌIJȘȢȜĮȕȒȢ
ȀȠȣȝʌȓİțțȓȞȘıȘȢ
ǼʌȐȞȦȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒ
ȀȐIJȦȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒ
ȆȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢ
ĬȪȡĮȤȫȡȠȣȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
ȂȠȤȜȩȢȡȪșȝȚıȘȢȪȥȠȣȢ
ȈȣȜȜȑțIJȘȢȤȩȡIJȠȣ
ȉȐʌĮțȐȜȣȥȘȢİįȐijȠȣȢ

ȀȠȣȝʌȓ

ǺȓįĮ

ȂȠȤȜȩȢȖȡȒȖȠȡȘȢĮʌȠįȑıȝİȣıȘȢ

DZȖțȚıIJȡȠ

ȈȣıIJȠȚȤȓĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȚȫȞ

ȀȜİȚįȓĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢ

ȀȠȣȝʌȓĮʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘȢȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ

ȆĮȟȚȝȐįȚ

ǹʌȠıIJȐIJȘȢ

ȁİʌȓįĮ
ǹȈĭDZȁǼǿǹ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǼȟĮıijĮȜȓȗİIJİIJȘȞIJȒȡȘıȘȩȜȦȞIJȦȞȠįȘȖȚȫȞĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢ
ǹȞĮIJȡȑȟIJİıIJȠİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢ
ǼīȀǹȉDZȈȉǹȈǾ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȂȘȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİĮȟİıȠȣȐȡIJĮȠʌȠȓĮįİȞıȣıIJȒȞȠȞIJĮȚ
ĮʌȩIJȠȞțĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȒ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȂȘȞIJȠʌȠșİIJİȓIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢȒIJȘıȣıIJȠȚȤȓĮ
ȝʌĮIJĮȡȚȫȞȝȑȤȡȚȞĮȠȜȠțȜȘȡȫıİIJİIJȘıȣȞĮȡȝȠȜȩȖȘıȘ
ȩȜȦȞIJȦȞİȟĮȡIJȘȝȐIJȦȞ
 ǹĭǹǿȇDzȈȉǼȉȅȂǾȋDZȃǾȂǹ
ǹȆǵȉǾȈȊȈȀǼȊǹȈǴǹ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİȩIJȚȑȤİIJİıȣȞĮȡȝȠȜȠȖȒıİȚıȦıIJȐIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
ʌȡȚȞĮʌȩIJȘȤȡȒıȘ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǼȐȞIJȝȒȝĮIJĮIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢȑȤȠȣȞijșȠȡȑȢȝȘ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
ǼȐȞįİȞȑȤİIJİȩȜĮIJĮȝȑȡȘȝȘșȑıİIJİıİȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȠ
ȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
ǼȐȞIJȝȒȝĮIJĮȑȤȠȣȞijșȠȡȑȢȒȜİȓʌȠȣȞİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȒıIJİ
ȝİIJȠțȑȞIJȡȠİȟȣʌȘȡȑIJȘıȘȢ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ
 ǻȚĮȕȐıIJİIJĮȑȖȖȡĮijĮʌȠȣȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞıIJȘȞțȠȪIJĮ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİȩȜĮIJĮȝȘıȣȞĮȡȝȠȜȠȖȘȝȑȞĮȝȑȡȘĮʌȩIJȘȞ
țȠȪIJĮ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮĮʌȩIJȘȞțȠȪIJĮ
 ǾĮʌȩȡȡȚȥȘIJȘȢțȠȪIJĮȢțĮȚIJȦȞȣȜȚțȫȞıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢ
ʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȖȓȞİIJĮȚıİıȣȝȝȩȡijȦıȘȝİIJȠȣȢIJȠʌȚțȠȪȢ
țĮȞȠȞȚıȝȠȪȢ
 DZȃȅǿīȂǹȀǹǿȇǶĬȂǿȈǾȉǾȈ
ȀDZȉȍȁǹǺdzȈ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ȉȡĮȕȒȟIJİʌȡȠȢIJĮʌȐȞȦțĮȚʌȡȠȢIJĮʌȓıȦIJȘȞİʌȐȞȦ
ȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒȖȚĮȞĮIJȘȞĮȞĮıȘțȫıİIJİıİșȑıȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ
ǼȟĮıijĮȜȓıIJİȩIJȚȠȚȜĮȕȑȢțȠȣȝʌȫȞȠȣȞıIJȘıȦıIJȒșȑıȘ
 ȈȣıijȓȟIJİIJȘȞțȐIJȦȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒȝİIJȠȣȢȝȠȤȜȠȪȢȖȡȒȖȠȡȘȢ
ĮʌȠįȑıȝİȣıȘȢțĮȚıIJȚȢįȣȠʌȜİȣȡȑȢ
ȈǾȂǼǴȍȈǾ
ǼȟĮıijĮȜȓıIJİȩIJȚȠȚįȪȠȜĮȕȑȢȕȡȓıțȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘȞȓįȚĮșȑıȘ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȂȘȞʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİIJİȗȘȝȚȑȢıIJĮțĮȜȫįȚĮȩIJĮȞįȚʌȜȫȞİIJİȒ
ȟİįȚʌȜȫȞİIJİIJȘȜĮȕȒ
 ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉdzȈȉǼȉǾȃDZȃȍȁǹǺdz
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ǼȣșȣȖȡĮȝȝȓıIJİIJȚȢȠʌȑȢıIJȘȞȐȞȦȜĮȕȒțĮȚıIJȘȞțȐIJȦ
ȜĮȕȒ
 ȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJĮȝʌȠȣȜȩȞȚĮȝȑıĮĮʌȩIJȚȢȠʌȑȢ
 ȈijȓȟIJİIJĮțȠȣȝʌȚȐİʌȐȞȦıIJĮȝʌȠȣȜȩȞȚĮ
 ȀȐȞIJİIJȠȓįȚȠıIJȘȞȐȜȜȘʌȜİȣȡȐ
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ǼȜȜȘȞȚțȐ
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 ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉdzȈȉǼȉȅȃ
ȈȊȁȁDzȀȉǾȋǵȇȉȅȊ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ǹʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİIJȘȞIJȐʌĮțȐȜȣȥȘȢİįȐijȠȣȢ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢțĮȚțȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȘȞ
 ȀȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣĮʌȩIJȘȜĮȕȒIJȠȣțĮȚ
IJȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJĮȐȖțȚıIJȡĮİʌȐȞȦıIJȚȢȣʌȠįȠȤȑȢ
 ȀȜİȓıIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢ
 ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉdzȈȉǼȉǾȃȉDZȆǹ
ȀDZȁȊȌǾȈǼǻDZĭȅȊȈ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ǹʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢțĮȚțȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȘȞ
 ȀȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȘȞIJȐʌĮțȐȜȣȥȘȢİįȐijȠȣȢĮʌȩIJȘȜĮȕȒIJȘȢ
țĮȚıIJİȡİȫıIJİIJȘȞıIJȘȤȠȐȞȘİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢ
 ȀȜİȓıIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢ
 ȇǶĬȂǿȈǾȉȅȊǶȌȅȊȈ
ȁǼȆǴǻǹȈȀȅȆdzȈ
ȉȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮȡȣșȝȚıIJİȓıİįȚȐijȠȡĮȪȥȘȜİʌȓįĮȢ
țȠʌȒȢ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ȉȡĮȕȒȟIJİIJȠȞȝȠȤȜȩȡȪșȝȚıȘȢȪȥȠȣȢʌȡȠȢIJĮİȝʌȡȩȢȖȚĮ
ȞĮĮȣȟȒıİIJİIJȠȪȥȠȢȜİʌȓįĮȢțȠʌȒȢ
 ȉȡĮȕȒȟIJİIJȠȞȝȠȤȜȩȡȪșȝȚıȘȢȪȥȠȣȢʌȡȠȢIJĮʌȓıȦȖȚĮȞĮ
ȝİȚȫıİIJİIJȠȪȥȠȢȜİʌȓįĮȢțȠʌȒȢ
 ȉȅȆȅĬǼȉdzȈȉǼȉǾȃȂȆǹȉǹȇǴǹ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǼȐȞȘȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȒȠijȠȡIJȚıIJȒȢȑȤȠȣȞijșȠȡȑȢ
ĮȞIJȚțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȒIJȠȞijȠȡIJȚıIJȒ
ǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢțĮȚ
ʌİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİȚIJȠȝȠIJȑȡȖȚĮȞĮ
İȖțĮIJĮıIJȒıİIJİȒȞĮĮijĮȚȡȑıİIJİIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮ
ǻȚĮȕȐıIJİȝȐșİIJİțĮȚĮțȠȜȠȣșȒıIJİIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢıIJȠ
İȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠIJȘȢȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢțĮȚIJȠȣijȠȡIJȚıIJȒ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȋȇǾȈǿȂȅȆȅǿǼǿȉǼȂȅȃȅȂȆǹȉǹȇǿǹ9ȂǾ
ȋȇǾȈǿȂȅȆȅǿǼǿȉǼȂȆǹȉǹȇǿǹǻȊȅȉǹȈǼȍȃ
9
ȈǾȂǼǴȍȈǾ
ȀĮȚȠȚįȪȠȝʌĮIJĮȡȓİȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȑȤȠȣȞIJȠʌȠșİIJȘșİȓȝȑıĮ
ıIJȠȣȢĮȞIJȓıIJȠȚȤȠȣȢȤȫȡȠȣȢȫıIJİȞĮİțțȚȞȘșİȓIJȠ
ȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘșȪȡĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
 ǼȣșȣȖȡĮȝȝȓıIJİIJȚȢȖȡĮȝȝȫıİȚȢıIJȠĮȡȚıIJİȡȩȝȑȡȠȢIJȘȢ
ȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢȝİIJȚȢİȖțȠʌȑȢıIJȠįȚĮȝȑȡȚıȝĮIJȘȢȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
 ȈʌȡȫȟIJİIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȝȑıĮıIJȠįȚĮȝȑȡȚıȝĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
ȝȑȤȡȚȞĮĮıijĮȜȓıİȚıIJȘșȑıȘIJȘȢ
 ǵIJĮȞĮțȠȪıİIJİIJȠțȜȚțșĮıȘȝĮȓȞİȚȩIJȚȘȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȑȤİȚ
IJȠʌȠșİIJȘșİȓ
 ȀȐȞIJİIJȘȞȓįȚĮȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȝİIJȘȞȐȜȜȘȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮ
 ȀȜİȓıIJİIJȘșȪȡĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
ȈǾȂǼǴȍȈǾ
ȅțȚȞȘIJȒȡĮȢȟİțȚȞȐİȚȝȩȞȠȩIJĮȞİȚıȐȖİIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓ
ĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢ
 ǹĭǹǿȇDzȈȉǼȉǾȃȂȆǹȉǹȇǴǹ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘșȪȡĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢ
 ȆĮIJȒıIJİțĮȚțȡĮIJȒıIJİʌĮIJȘȝȑȞȠIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ
ĮʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘȢȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮȢ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮĮʌȩIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
ȁǼǿȉȅȊȇīǴǹ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ĭȠȡȐIJİʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȣIJȚțȐȖȣĮȜȚȐțĮIJȐIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮ
 ǼȀȀǴȃǾȈǾȉȅȊ
ȂǾȋǹȃdzȂǹȉȅȈ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
ȈǾȂǼǴȍȈǾ
ǼȖțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣʌȡȚȞĮʌȩIJȘȞİȡȖĮıȓĮ
țȠȣȡȑȝĮIJȠȢ
 ǼȚıĮȖȐȖİIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢ
 ȆȚȑıIJİțĮȚįȚĮIJȘȡȒıIJİʌȚİıȝȑȞȠIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓİțțȓȞȘıȘȢ
 ǼȞȫțȡĮIJȐIJİʌĮIJȘȝȑȞȠIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓİțțȓȞȘıȘȢIJȡĮȕȒȟIJİ
IJȘȜĮȕȒʌȜĮȚıȓȠȣįȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞıIJȘȞțĮIJİȪșȣȞıȘIJȘȢ
ȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒȢ
 ǹʌİȜİȣșİȡȫıIJİIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓİțțȓȞȘıȘȢȖȚĮȞĮİțțȚȞȒıİIJİ
IJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ
 ȈȉǹȂDZȉǾȂǹȉȅȊ
ȂǾȋǹȃdzȂǹȉȅȈ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
 ǹʌİȜİȣșİȡȫıIJİIJȘȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒʌȜĮȚıȓȠȣįȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞȖȚĮȞĮ
ĮʌİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮ

ǼȜȜȘȞȚțȐ
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background
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȆİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȝȑȤȡȚȘȜİʌȓįĮȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİȚʌȜȒȡȦȢʌȡȠIJȠȪ
İʌĮȞİțțȚȞȒıİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȂȘȞĮʌİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚİȓIJİțĮȚ
İȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȖȡȒȖȠȡĮ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǹʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİʌȐȞIJĮIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijĮȜİȓĮȢțĮȚIJȘıȣıIJȠȚȤȓĮ
ȝʌĮIJĮȡȚȫȞȝİIJȐIJȘȞȠȜȠțȜȒȡȦıȘIJȘȢİȡȖĮıȓĮȢ
 ǹǻǼǿDZȈȉǼȉȅȃȈȊȁȁDzȀȉǾ
ȋǵȇȉȅȊ
 ǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢ
 ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘıȣıIJȠȚȤȓĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȚȫȞ
 ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢțĮȚțȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȘȞ
 ȀȡĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣĮʌȩIJȘȜĮȕȒIJȠȣțĮȚ
ĮʌİȝʌȜȑȟIJİIJȠȞĮʌȩIJȚȢȣʌȠįȠȤȑȢ
 ȀȜİȓıIJİIJȘȞʌȓıȦșȪȡĮİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢ
 ǹįİȚȐıIJİIJȠȞıȣȜȜȑțIJȘȤȩȡIJȠȣ
 ȁǼǿȉȅȊȇīǴǹȈǼȆȁǹīǿDzȈ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȂȘȞșȑIJİIJİıİȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮıİʌȜĮȖȚȑȢȝİțȜȓıȘȝİȖĮȜȪIJİȡȘ
IJȦȞǼȐȞįİȞĮȚıșȐȞİıIJİȐȞİIJĮȝȘȞțȩȕİIJİıİʌȜĮȖȚȑȢ
ȂȘȞĮȞİȕĮȓȞİIJİțĮȚțĮIJİȕĮȓȞİIJİıİȝȚĮʌȜĮȖȚȐȩIJĮȞ
țȠȣȡİȪİIJİȠȡȚȗȩȞIJȚĮıİĮȣIJȒȞȆȡȠıȑȤİIJİȩIJĮȞĮȜȜȐȗİIJİ
țĮIJİȪșȣȞıȘıIJȘȞʌȜĮȖȚȐ
ȆĮȡĮIJȘȡİȓIJİȠʌȑȢĮȣȜȐțȚĮʌȑIJȡİȢțĮȚȐȜȜĮțȡȣȝȝȑȞĮ
ĮȞIJȚțİȓȝİȞĮIJĮȠʌȠȓĮȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮıĮȢțȐȞȠȣȞȞĮʌȑıİIJİ
ǹʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİȩȜĮIJĮİȝʌȩįȚĮȩʌȦȢʌȑIJȡİȢțĮȚțȜĮįȚȐ
įȑȞIJȡȦȞ
ǼȟĮıijĮȜȓȗİIJİȩIJȚʌĮIJȐIJİıIJĮșİȡȐǼȐȞȤȐıİIJİIJȘȞ
ȚıȠȡȡȠʌȓĮıĮȢĮʌȠįİıȝİȪıIJİĮȝȑıȦȢIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ
İțțȑȞȦıȘȢ
ȂȘȞțȠȣȡİȪİIJİțȠȞIJȐıİIJȝȒȝĮIJĮʌIJȫıȘȢȤĮȞIJȐțȚĮȒ
ĮȞĮȤȫȝĮIJĮ
 ȈȊȂǺȅȊȁDzȈȁǼǿȉȅȊȇīǴǹȈ
ȂȘȞʌȡȠıʌĮșİȓIJİȞĮʌĮȡĮțȐȝʌIJİIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȠȣ
țȠȣȝʌȚȠȪİțțȓȞȘıȘȢȒIJȘȢȤİȚȡȠȜĮȕȒȢʌȜĮȚıȓȠȣ
įȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞ
ȂȘȞȖȑȡȞİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȩIJĮȞIJȠİțțȚȞİȓIJİ
ȂȘȞIJȠʌȠșİIJİȓIJİIJĮȤȑȡȚĮȒIJĮʌȩįȚĮțȠȞIJȐıİȒțȐIJȦ
ĮʌȩʌİȡȚıIJȡİijȩȝİȞĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮ
ǻȚĮIJȘȡİȓIJİIJȘȤȠȐȞȘİȟĮȖȦȖȒȢțĮșĮȡȒ
ȂȘȞțȠȣȡİȪİIJİȣȖȡȩȖȡĮıȓįȚ
ǹʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚȝİȖĮȜȪIJİȡȠȪȥȠȢȜİʌȓįĮȢȖȚĮȞȑȠȒʌĮȤȪ
ȖȡĮıȓįȚ
ȀĮșĮȡȓȗİIJİIJȠțȐIJȦȝȑȡȠȢIJȘȢȕȐıȘȢȤȜȠȠțȠʌIJȚțȠȪ
ȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢȝİIJȐĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘǹʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİ
ĮʌȠțȩȝȝĮIJĮȤȩȡIJȠȣijȪȜȜĮȕȡȩȝİȢțĮȚȐȜȜĮ
ȣʌȠȜİȓȝȝĮIJĮ
ȈȊȃȉdzȇǾȈǾ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȠțȜİȚįȓĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢțĮȚIJȘȞȝʌĮIJĮȡȓĮĮʌȩIJȠ
ȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮʌȡȚȞĮʌȩIJȘıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ǻȚĮIJȘȡİȓIJİIJȠȞțȚȞȘIJȒȡĮțĮȚIJȘıȣıIJȠȚȤȓĮȝʌĮIJĮȡȚȫȞ
İȜİȪșİȡȘĮʌȩȖȡĮıȓįȚijȪȜȜĮȒʌȠȜȪȖȡȐıȠ
ȆȇȅȈDzȄȉǼ
ȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȝȩȞȠİȖțİțȡȚȝȑȞĮĮȞIJĮȜȜĮțIJȚțȐ
ȆȇȅȈDzȄȉǼ
ȂȘȞİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJİıİȣȖȡȐijȡȑȞȦȞȕİȞȗȓȞȘțĮȚȣȜȚțȐȝİ
ȕȐıȘIJȠʌİIJȡȑȜĮȚȠȞĮĮȖȖȓȗȠȣȞIJĮʌȜĮıIJȚțȐȝȑȡȘȉĮ
ȤȘȝȚțȐȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıȠȣȞIJȑIJȠȚĮȗȘȝȚȐıIJȠʌȜĮıIJȚțȩ
țĮȚȞĮȝȘȞİȓȞĮȚįȣȞĮIJȒȘİʌȚıțİȣȒIJȠȣ
ȆȇȅȈDzȄȉǼ
ȂȘȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȚıȤȣȡȠȪȢįȚĮȜȪIJİȢȒțĮșĮȡȚıIJȚțȐıIJȠ
ʌȜĮıIJȚțȩʌİȡȓȕȜȘȝĮȒIJĮʌȜĮıIJȚțȐȝȑȡȘ
ȈǾȂǼǴȍȈǾ
ȈȣȞȚıIJȫȝİȞȘȡȠʌȒıȪıijȚȖȟȘȢȜİʌȓįĮ1P
 īǼȃǿȀdzȈȊȃȉdzȇǾȈǾ
ȆȡȚȞĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘİȜȑȖȤİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȖȚĮ
ijșĮȡȝȑȞĮİȜȜȚʌȒȒȤĮȜĮȡȐİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮȩʌȦȢȕȓįİȢ
ʌĮȟȚȝȐįȚĮȝʌȠȣȜȩȞȚĮțĮȚʌȫȝĮIJĮ
ȈijȓȖȖİIJİıȦıIJȐȩȜȠȣȢIJȠȣȢıijȚȖțIJȒȡİȢțĮȚIJĮʌȫȝĮIJĮ
ȀĮșĮȡȓȗİIJİIJȠȝȘȤȐȞȘȝĮȝİȑȞĮıIJİȖȞȩʌĮȞȓȂȘ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȞİȡȩ
 ǹȃȉǿȀǹȉǹȈȉdzȈȉǼȉǾȁǼȆǴǻǹ
ǼȚțȩȞĮ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȝȩȞȠİȖțİțȡȚȝȑȞİȢĮȞIJĮȜȜĮțIJȚțȑȢȜİʌȓįİȢ
ȆȇȅǼǿǻȅȆȅǴǾȈǾ
ĭȠȡȐIJİĮȞșİțIJȚțȐȖȐȞIJȚĮȒIJȣȜȓȖİIJİʌĮȞȚȐȖȪȡȦĮʌȩIJȘ
ȜİʌȓįĮȩIJĮȞIJȘȞĮȖȖȓȗİIJİ
 ǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȠȣȝȘȤĮȞȒȝĮIJȠȢ
 ǼȟĮıijĮȜȓıIJİȩIJȚȠȚȜİʌȓįİȢȑȤȠȣȞıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİȚİȞIJİȜȫȢ
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ήϳάΤΗ
ιήΣ΍ϰϠϋωΎΒΗ΍ϊϴϤΟΕΎϤϴϠόΗΔϣϼδϟ΍
ϊΟ΍έϞϴϟΩϥΎϣϷ΍
ΐϴμϨΘϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ϻϡΪΨΘδΗϱ΃ΕΎϘΤϠϣϢϟϲλϮΗΔϛήηϊϴϨμΘϟ΍ΎϬΑ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϻϢϘΗΐϴϛήΘΑΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍ϭ΃ΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϻ·ΪόΑϥ΃ϲϬΘϨΗϦϣϊϴϤΠΗ
ϊϴϤΟ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍

˷
ϚϓϒϴϠϐΗΔϟϵ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ιήΣ΍ϰϠϋϊϴϤΠΗΔϟϵ΍
˳
ϞϜθΑ΢ϴΤλϞΒϗϡ΍ΪΨΘγϻ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
΍Ϋ·ΖϧΎϛ˯΍ΰΟ΃ϦϣΔϟϵ΍ˬΔϔϟΎΗϻϡΪΨΘδΗΔϟϵ΍
ϥ·ϢϟϦϜΗϚϳΪϟϊϴϤΟˬ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ϻϢϘΗϞϴϐθΘΑΔϟϵ΍
΍Ϋ·ΖϧΎϛ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ΔϔϟΎΗϭ΃ήϴϏˬΓΩϮΟϮϣϞλ΍ϮΗϊϣΰϛήϣΔϧΎϴμϟ΍
΢Θϓ΍ΓϮΒϋϒϴϠϐΘϟ΍
΃ήϗ΍Ε΍ΪϨΘδϤϟ΍ΔϘϓήϤϟ΍ϲϓϕϭΪϨμϟ΍
ΝήΧ΃ϊϴϤΟ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ήϴϏΔΒ
˷
ϛή
˵
Ϥϟ΍ϦϣϕϭΪϨμϟ΍
ΝήΧ΃Δϟϵ΍ϦϣϕϭΪϨμϟ΍
κϠΨΗϦϣϕϭΪϨμϟ΍Ω΍ϮϣϭϒϴϠϐΘϟ΍Ύ
˱
ϘϓϭϦϴϧ΍ϮϘϠϟΔϴϠΤϤϟ΍
Ϛϓ
˷
ϲρξΒϘϤϟ΍ϲϠϔδϟ΍ϪτΒοϭ
ϞϜθϟ΍

ΐΤγ΍ξΒϘϤϟ΍ϱϮϠόϟ΍ϰϠϋϷϒϠΨϠϟϭϊϓήϟξΒϘϤϟ΍ϰϟ·ϊοϮϣϞϴϐθΘϟ΍
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣϖϴθόΗξΑΎϘϤϟ΍ϲϓΎϬόοϮϣ΢ϴΤμϟ΍
ϢϜΣ΃ΖϴΒΜΗξΒϘϤϟ΍ϲϠϔδϟ΍ΕΎόϓ΍ήΑήϳήΤΘϟ΍ϊϳήδϟ΍ϰϠϋϼϛϦϴΒϧΎΠϟ΍
ΔψΣϼϣ
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣΪΟ΍ϮΗϦϴπΒϘϤϟ΍ϲϓβϔϧϊοϮϤϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ιήΣ΍ϰϠϋϡΪϋϕΎΤϟ·έήπϟ΍ΕϼΑΎϜϟΎΑΪϨϋϲρξΒϘϤϟ΍ϭ΃ϚϓϪϴρ
ΐϴϛήΗξΒϘϤϟ΍ϱϮϠόϟ΍
Ϛθϟ΍

ϢϗΓ΍ΫΎΤϤΑΕΎΤΘϔϟ΍ΓΩϮΟϮϤϟ΍ξΒϘϤϟΎΑϱϮϠόϟ΍ξΒϘϤϟ΍ϭϲϠϔδϟ΍
ϞΧΩ΃ήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ήΒϋΕΎΤΘϔϟ΍
ςΑέ΍Ε΍ήϜΒϟ΍ϰϠϋήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍
άϔϧβϔϧΔϴϠϤόϟ΍ϰϠϋΐϧΎΠϟ΍ήΧϵ΍
ΐϴϛήΗςϗϻΐθόϟ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍

ϊϠΧ΍ΓΩ΍ΪγϊϳίϮΗΐθόϟ΍ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋνέϷ΍
΢Θϓ΍ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍ϪϜδϣ΃ϭ
Ϛδϣ΃ςϗϻΐθόϟ΍ϦϣϪπΒϘϣϊοϭϒϴρΎτΨϟ΍ϰϠϋΕΎΤΘϔϟ΍
ϖϠϏ΃ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍
ΐϴϛήΗΓΩ΍ΪγϊϳίϮΗΐθόϟ΍ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋνέϷ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍

ϊϠΧ΍ςϗϻΐθόϟ΍
΢Θϓ΍ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍ϪϜδϣ΃ϭ
Ϛδϣ΃ΓΩ΍ΪγϊϳίϮΗΐθόϟ΍ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋνέϷ΍ϦϣΎϬπΒϘϣΎϬΒ
˷
ϛέϭϲϓ
ΏϮΒϧ΃ώϳήϔΘϟ΍
ϖϠϏ΃ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍
ςΒοωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍ΰΠϟ΍
ϦϜϤϳςΒοΔϟϵ΍ϰϠϋωΎϔΗέ΍ΔϔϠΘΨϣΓήϔθϠϟΰΠϠϟ

ΔϐϠϟ΍ΔϴΑήόϟ΍
$5
background
ϞϜθϟ΍

ΐΤγ΍Δόϓ΍έϞϳΪόΗωΎϔΗέϻ΍ϡΎϣϸϟΓΩΎϳΰϟωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍ΰΠϟ΍
ΐΤγ΍Δόϓ΍έϞϳΪόΗωΎϔΗέϻ΍ϒϠΨϠϟξϔΨϟωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍ΰΠϟ΍
ΐϴϛήΗΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍

ϞϜθϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
΍Ϋ·ΖϧΎϛΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϭ΃ϦΣΎθϟ΍ˬϦϴϔϟΎΗϝΪΒΘγΎϓϒϟΎΘϟ΍ΎϤϬϨϣ
ϒϗϭ΃Δϟϵ΍ήψΘϧ΍ϭϰϟ·ϥ΃ϒϗϮΘϳϙήΤϤϟ΍ϞΒϗϚΒϴϛήΗΔϋϮϤΠϤϟΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϭ΃ΎϬόϠΧ
΃ήϗ΍ΕΎϤϴϠόΘϟ΍ϑ
˷
ήόΗϭΎϬϴϠϋΎϫά
˷
ϔϧϭϲϓϞϴϟΩΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϦΣΎθϟ΍ϭ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϡΪΨΘγ΍ςϘϓΔϳέΎτΑ ΖϟϮϓϻϡΪΨΘδΗΔϳέΎτΑΪϬΠΑϲ΋ΎΑήϬϛΝϭΩΰϣ
ΖϟϮϓ
ΔψΣϼϣ
ΐΠϳΐϴϛήΗϦϴΘϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϲϓΕ΍ήΠΤϟ΍ΔμμΨϤϟ΍ΎϬϟ˯ΪΒϟϞϴϐθΗΔϟϵ΍
΢Θϓ΍ΏΎΑΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϢϗΓ΍ΫΎΤϤΑΕΎϣΎϋΩϊϓήϟ΍ΓΩϮΟϮϤϟ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϤΑΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϊϣϒϳϭΎΠΘϟ΍
ΓΩϮΟϮϤϟ΍ϲϓΓήϴΠΣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϊϓΩ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϲϓΓήϴΠΣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϰϟ·ϥ΃ΖΒΜΗΔϋϮϤΠϤϟ΍ϲϓ
ΎϬϧΎϜϣ΢ϴΤμϟ΍
ΎϣΪϨϋϊϤδΗΕϮλˬΓήϘϧ΍άϬϓϩΎϨόϣϪ
˷
ϧ΃ΪϗϢΗΐϴϛήΗΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϲϓ
ΎϬϧΎϜϣ΢ϴΤμϟ΍
ϢϗβϔϨΑΔϴϠϤόϟ΍ϊϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϯήΧϷ΍
ϖϠϏ΃ΏΎΑΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ΔψΣϼϣ
ϻϞϤόϳϙήΤϤϟ΍ϻ·ΪόΑϚόοϭΡΎΘϔϤϟϥΎϣϷ΍ϲϓΔϟϵ΍
ϊϠΧΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍

΢Θϓ΍ΏΎΑΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϝί΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍
ςϐο΍ϰϠϋέίήϳήΤΗΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϊϣΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍
ϊϠΧ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϦϣΔϟϵ΍
ϞϴϐθΘϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ΪΗέ΍Ε΍ϭΩ΃ΔϳΎϤΣϦϴϨϴόϟ΍˯ΎϨΛ΃ϞϴϐθΘϟ΍
˯ΪΑϞϴϐθΗΔϟϵ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍
ϲΤϴοϮΘϟ΍

ΔψΣϼϣ
ϢϗΐϴϛήΘΑςϗϻΐθόϟ΍ϞΒϗ
˷
ΰΠϟ΍
ΐ
˷
ϛέΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍ϲϓϪϧΎϜϣ
ςϐο΍ϊϣΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍ϰϠϋέί˯ΪΒϟ΍
˯ΎϨΛ΃ϚτϐοϊϣΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍ϰϠϋέίˬ˯ΪΒϟ΍ΐΤγ΍ξΒϘϣϕϭΪϨλ΢ϴΗΎϔϣΔϟϵ΍
ϲϓϩΎΠΗ΍ΐϴπϗξΒϘϤϟ΍
ϙήΗ΍έί˯ΪΒϟ΍˯ΪΒϟϞϴϐθΗΔϟϵ΍
ϑΎϘϳ·Δϟϵ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍
ϲΤϴοϮΘϟ΍

ϙήΗ΍ξΒϘϣϕϭΪϨλ΢ϴΗΎϔϣΔϟϵ΍ϑΎϘϳϹΔϟϵ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ήψΘϧ΍ϰϟ·ϥ΃ϒϗϮΘΗΕ΍ήϔθϟ΍Ύ
˱
ϣΎϤΗϞΒϗϥ΃΃ΪΒΗϞϴϐθΗΔϟϵ΍ΓήϣϯήΧ΃ϻϢϘΗ
ϑΎϘϳΈΑΔϟϵ΍ΎϬϠϴϐθΗϭΔϋήδΑ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϢϗΎ
˱
Ϥ΋΍ΩϊϠΨΑΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ΪόΑϚ΋ΎϬΘϧ΍ϦϣϞϤόϟ΍
ώϳήϔΗςϗϻΐθόϟ΍
ϢϗϑΎϘϳΈΑΔϟϵ΍
ϝί΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍
ωΰϧ΍ΓΪΣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
΢Θϓ΍ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍ϪϜδϣ΃ϭ
Ϛδϣ΃ςϗϻΐθόϟ΍ϦϣϪπΒϘϣϚϓϭϒϴρΎτΨϟ΍ϦϣΕΎΤΘϔϟ΍
ϖϠϏ΃ΏΎΑώϳήϔΘϟ΍ϲϔϠΨϟ΍
ύήϓ΃Ύϣϲϓςϗϻΐθόϟ΍
ϞϴϐθΘϟ΍ϰϠϋΕ΍έΪΤϨϤϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ϻϢϘΗ
˷
ΰΠΑζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ϰϠϋΕ΍έΪΤϨϤϟ΍ϲΘϟ΍ΪϳΰΗΔϳϭ΍ίΎϬϠϴϣϦϋ ΔΟέΩϥ·
ϢϟϦϜΗˬΎ
˱
ΣΎΗήϣϻϢϘΗ
˷
ΰΠϟΎΑϰϠϋέΪΤϨϣ
ϻΐϫάΗϰϠϋϷϞϔγϷϭϰϠϋέΪΤϨϣΪϨϋϙ
˷
ΰΟϰϠϋϪΟϭέΪΤϨϤϟ΍Ϧϛ
Ύ
˱
μϳήΣΪϨϋήϴϴϐΗϩΎΠΗϻ΍ϰϠϋέΪΤϨϣ
ϪΒΘϧ΍ΕΎΤΘϔϠϟΪϳΩΎΧϷ΍ϭέϮΨμϟ΍ϭ˯ΎϴηϷ΍ϭΔϴϔΨϤϟ΍ϯήΧϷ΍ϲΘϟ΍ΪϗΐΒδΘΗ
ϲϓϚρϮϘγκϠΨΗϦϣϊϴϤΟϖ΋΍Ϯόϟ΍ϞΜϣέϮΨμϟ΍ωήϓ΃ϭήΠθϟ΍
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣΕΎΒΛϚϣ΍Ϊϗ΃ϰϠϋνέϷ΍΍Ϋ·ΕήόηϡΪόΑϥί΍ϮΘϟ΍ϙήΗΎϓΡΎΘϔϣ
ξΒϘϤϟ΍ϰϠϋέϮϔϟ΍
ϻϢϘΗ
˷
ΰΠΑζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ΏήϘϟΎΑϦϣΕ΍έΪΤϨϤϟ΍ϭ΃ϕΩΎϨΨϟ΍ϭ΃έϮδΠϟ΍
΢΋ΎμϧϞϴϐθΘϟ΍
ϻϝϭΎΤΗίϭΎΠΗϞϴϐθΗέί˯ΪΒϟ΍ϭ΃ΡΎΘϔϣξΒϘϤϟ΍
ϻϢϘΗΔϟΎϣΈΑΔϟϵ΍ΪϨϋ˯ΪΑΎϬϠϴϐθΗ
ϻϊπΗϦϳΪϴϟ΍ϭ΃ϦϴϣΪϘϟ΍ΏήϘϟΎΑϦϣ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ΔϛήΤΘϤϟ΍ϭ΃ΎϬϠϔγ΃
φϓΎΣϰϠϋΔϓΎψϧΏϮΒϧ΃ώϳήϔΘϟ΍
ϻϢϘΗ
˷
ΰΠΑζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ΔΒρήϟ΍
ϻΪΑϥ΃ϥϮϜϳωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍ϰϠϋ΃ΪϨϋ
˷
ΰΟζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ΓΪϳΪΠϟ΍ϭ΃ΔϔϴΜϜϟ΍
ϒψϧΐϧΎΠϟ΍ϲϠϔδϟ΍ήϬψϟΓί΍
˷
ΰΠϟ΍ΪόΑϞϛϡ΍ΪΨΘγ΍ϢϗΔϟ΍ίΈΑΎϳΎϘΑ
ζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ϕ΍έϭ΃ϭέΎΠηϷ΍ΥΎγϭϷ΍ϭϖϟ΍Ϯόϟ΍ϭϯήΧϷ΍

ΔϐϠϟ΍ΔϴΑήόϟ΍
$5
background
ΔϧΎϴμϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ΝήΧ΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϦϣΔϟϵ΍ϞΒϗ˯΍ήΟ·ϝΎϤϋ΃ΔϧΎϴμϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
φϓΎΣϰϠϋΔϓΎψϧϙήΤϤϟ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍Ϧϣζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ϕ΍έϭ΃ϭέΎΠηϷ΍
ϭ΃ΕΎϴϤϛϢΤθϟ΍ΓΪ΋΍ΰϟ΍
ήϳάΤΗ
ϡΪΨΘγ΍ϊτϗέΎϴϐϟ΍ΔϴϠλϷ΍ςϘϓ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϻωΪΗϞ΋΍ϮγΔϠϣήϔϟ΍ϭ΃ϦϳΰϨΒϟ΍ϭ΃Ω΍ϮϤϟ΍ΔϤ΋ΎϘϟ΍ϰϠϋϝϭήΘΒϟ΍βϣϼΗ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍
ΔϴϜϴΘγϼΒϟ΍ΚϴΣ
˷
ϥ΃Ω΍ϮϤϟ΍Δϴ΋ΎϴϤϴϜϟ΍ΪϗΐΒδΘΗϲϓϒϠΗ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ΔϴϜϴΘγϼΒϟ΍
ΎϬϠόΟϭήϴϏΔϠΑΎϗΔϧΎϴμϠϟ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϻϡΪΨΘδΗϞϴϟΎΤϣϭ΃ΕΎϔψϨϣΔϳϮϗϰϠϋϞϜϴϬϟ΍ϲϜϴΘγϼΒϟ΍ϭ΃ΕΎϧϮϜϤϟ΍
ΔϴϜϴΘγϼΒϟ΍
ΔψΣϼϣ
ϡΰϋςΑήϟ΍ϰλϮϤϟ΍ϪΑϦΗϮϴϧήΘϣ
ΔϧΎϴμϟ΍ΔϣΎόϟ΍
ϞΒϗϞϛˬϡ΍ΪΨΘγ΍κΤϓ΍Δϟϵ΍Ύ
˱
ΜΤΑϦϋ˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ΔϔϟΎΘϟ΍ϭ΃ΓΩϮϘϔϤϟ΍ϭ΃
ˬΔϛϮϜϔϤϟ΍ϞΜϣήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ΔΒϟϮϠϤϟ΍Ϟϴϣ΍Ϯμϟ΍ϭήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ϭΔϴτϏϷ΍ϭ
ϢϗςΑήΑϊϴϤΟήλΎϨϋΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍ΔϴτϏϷ΍ϭϡΎϜΣΈΑ
ϒψϧΔϟϵ΍ΔότϘΑεΎϤϗΔϓΎΟϻϡΪΨΘδΗ˯ΎϤϟ΍
ϝ΍ΪΒΘγ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ϞϜθϟ΍

ήϳάΤΗ
ϡΪΨΘγ΍Ε΍ήϔθϟ΍ΔϠϳΪΒϟ΍ΔϴϠλϷ΍ςϘϓ
ήϳάΤΗ
ϞϤόΘγ΍Ε΍ίΎϔϗΔϨϴΘϣϭ΃
˷
ϒϟΔότϗεΎϤϗϰϠϋΓήϔθϟ΍ΪϨϋϚΘδϣϼϣΎϬϟ
ϢϗϑΎϘϳΈΑΔϟϵ΍
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣϒϗϮΘϟ΍ϡΎΘϟ΍Ε΍ήϔθϠϟ
ϝί΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ΐϠϗ΍Δϟϵ΍ϰϠϋΎϬΒϧΎΟ
ϡΪΨΘγ΍ΔότϗΔϴΒθΧϊϨϤϟΔϛήΣΓήϔθϟ΍

˷
ϚϓέΎϤδϣΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍ϝίΎόϟ΍ϭΡΎΘϔϤΑςΑέϭ΃ΔϤϘϟςΑέ
ϊϠΧ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ΐ
˷
ϛέΓήϔθϟ΍ΓΪϳΪΠϟ΍Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣϖϴθόΗϦϳΩϮϤόϟ΍ϲϓΕΎΤΘϔϟ΍ΓΩϮΟϮϤϟ΍
ΓήϔθϟΎΑ
ϊοϝίΎόϟ΍ςΑέ΍ϭέΎϤδϣΖϴΒΜΘϟ΍ϱάϟ΍ΖϤϗϪόϠΨΑ
ϦϳΰΨΗΔϟϵ΍
ϝί΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍
ϊϠΧΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϒ
˷
ψϧΔϟϵ΍ϞΒϗϦϳΰΨΘϟ΍
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣ
˷
ϥ΃ϙήΤϤϟ΍ήϴϏϦΧΎγΪϨϋϚϨϳΰΨΗΔϟ϶ϟ
Ϊϛ΄ΗϦϣϡΪϋΩϮΟϭ˯΍ΰΟ΃ΔϛϮϜϔϣϭ΃ΔϔϟΎΗϲϓΔϟϵ΍΍Ϋ·ϡΰϟˬήϣϷ΍ά
˷
ϔϧϩάϫ
Ε΍ϮτΨϟ΍ϭ΃ΕΎϤϴϠόΘϟ΍
ϝΪΒΘγ΍˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ΔϔϟΎΘϟ΍
ςΑέ΍ήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ϡΎϜΣΈΑ
ΙΪΤΗϊϣκΨηϲϓΰϛήϣΔϧΎϴλΪϤΘόϣ
ϲϐΒϨϳϦϳΰΨΗΔϟϵ΍ϲϓϥΎϜϣϑΎΟ
ιήΣ΍ϰϠϋϡΪϋΏ΍ήΘϗ΍ϝΎϔρϷ΍ϦϣΔϟϵ΍
ϑΎθϜΘγ΍ϝΎτϋϷ΍ΎϬΣϼλ·ϭ
ΔϠϜθϤϟ΍ΐΒδϟ΍ϞϤΘΤϤϟ΍ϞΤϟ΍
ξΒϘϤϟ΍βϴϟϲϓ
ϪόοϮϣ΢ϴΤμϟ΍
ήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ήϴϏΔρϮΑήϣ
˳
ϞϜθΑ΢ϴΤλ
ςΒο΍ωΎϔΗέ΍ξΒϘϤϟ΍
Ϊϛ΄ΗϭϦϣ
˷
ϥ΃Ε΍ήϜΒϟ΍
ήϴϣΎδϤϟ΍ϭΔϳΫΎΤΘϣ
˳
ϞϜθΑ΢ϴΤλ
Δϟϵ΍ϻ΃ΪΒΗϞϤόϟ΍ϯϮΘδϣϦΤηΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ξϔΨϨϣ
ϦΤη΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣ
ΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ΡΎΘϔϣξΒϘϤϟ΍ΏϮτόϣϝΪΒΘγ΍ΡΎΘϔϣξΒϘϤϟ΍
ϢϟϢΘϳΐϴϛήΗΡΎΘϔϣ
ΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ΐ
˷
ϛέΡΎΘϔϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍ϲϓ
ϪϧΎϜϣ
ϡϮϘΗΔϟϵ΍
˷
ΰΠΑζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍
˳
ϞϜθΑήϴϏϱϭΎδΘϣ
ΐθόϟ΍ϦθΧκΤϓ΍ΔϘτϨϣ
˷
ΰΠϟ΍
ϢϟϢΘϳςΒοωΎϔΗέ΍
Γήϔθϟ΍
˳
ϞϜθΑ΢ϴΤλ
ςΒο΍ωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ΰΠϟ΍ϰΘΣωΎϔΗέ΍ϰϠϋ΃
ϻϡϮϘΗΔϟϵ΍ϊϳίϮΘΑ
ΐθόϟ΍ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋ
νέϷ΍
˳
ϞϜθΑ΢ϴΤλ
ϖϠόΗζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ΔΒρήϟ΍
ΓίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ήϬψΑ
Γί΍
˷
ΰΠϟ΍
ήψΘϧ΍ϰΘΣϑΎϔΟ
ζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ϞΒϗΎϫ
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ΓΩ΍ΪγϊϳίϮΗΐθόϟ΍
ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋνέϷ΍
ήϴϏΓΩϮΟϮϣ
ϢϗΐϴϛήΘΑΓΩ΍ΪγϊϳίϮΗ
ΐθόϟ΍ίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋ
νέϷ΍
ΐόμϳϊϓΩΔϟϵ΍ΐθόϟ΍ϞϳϮρˬΔϳΎϐϠϟϭ΃
˷
ϥ΃ωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ξϔΨϨϣΔϳΎϐϠϟ
ΩίϦϣωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ΰΠϟ΍
ϙήΤΘϳςϗϻΐθόϟ΍
Γήϔθϟ΍ϭ˯ςΒΑϲϓ
ζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍ΔϔϴΜϜϟ΍
κϠΨΗϦϣζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍
ΓίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ΓΩϮΟϮϤϟ΍
ςϗϼΑΐθόϟ΍
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ΔϐϠϟ΍ΔϴΑήόϟ΍
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ΔϠϜθϤϟ΍ΐΒδϟ΍ϞϤΘΤϤϟ΍ϞΤϟ΍
ϙΎϨϫΕ΍ί΍ΰΘϫ΍ΓΪ΋΍ί
ϲϓΔϟϵ΍
Γήϔθϟ΍ήϴϏΔϧί΍ϮΘϣ
ΔϠϛ΂Θϣϭ
ϝΪΒΘγ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ΩϮϤϋϙήΤϤϟ΍ϲϨΜϣϒϗϭ΃ϙήΤϤϟ΍
ϝί΃ΡΎΘϔϣϥΎϣϷ΍
ΔϋϮϤΠϣϭ
ΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϢϗϞμϔΑέΪμϣ
ΔϗΎτϟ΍
κΤϓ΍Δϟϵ΍Ύ
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ΜΤΑ
Ϧϋϱ΃ν΍ήϋ΃
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΢Ϡλ΃Δϟϵ΍ϞΒϗ˯ΪΑ
ΎϬϠϴϐθΗΓήϣ
ϯήΧ΃
ϒϗϮΘΗΔϟϵ΍˯ΎϨΛ΃
˷
ΰΠϟ΍ωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍ξϔΨϨϣ
ΔϳΎϐϠϟ
ΩίϦϣωΎϔΗέ΍Γήϔθϟ΍
ΰΠϟ΍
ΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ΔϏέΎϓΔϨΤθϟ΍
ϦΤη΍ΓΪΣϭΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
ϖϠόΗζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍
ΓίϭΰΠϤϟ΍ήϬψΑ
Γί΍
˷
ΰΠϟ΍ϭ΃ΓήϔθϟΎΑ
ϊϠΧ΍ΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍
κΤϓ΍ϭήϬυΓί΍
˷
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ΔΟέΩΓέ΍ήΣϞϴϐθΗ
Δϟϵ΍ΔόϔΗήϣΔϳΎϐϠϟ
ϙήΗ΍Δϟϵ΍ΩήΒΗ
ϥ·ϢϟΪΠΗϞΤϟ΍ϩάϬϟˬϞϛΎθϤϟ΍ΐϫΫ΍ϰϟ·ΰϛήϣΔϧΎϴμϟ΍
ΕΎϧΎϴΒϟ΍ΔϴϨϔϟ΍
ΪϬΠϟ΍ϲΑήϬϜϟ΍
Δϋήδϟ΍ϥϭΪΑϞϤΣΔϘϴϗΩ
νήϋϊτϘϟ΍Ϣϣ
ϝϮρϊτϘϟ΍Ϣϣ
Δόγςϗϻΐθόϟ΍ ήΘϟ
ϥίϮϟ΍ϥϭΪΑΔϋϮϤΠϣΔϳέΎτΒϟ΍OEVNJ
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. ϡΔϴϧΎΛ
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ϯήΧϷ΍
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*;8&Ϟγϼγϭ&$*
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ϞϜϴϫϲ΋ΎϨΛϝΰόϟ΍
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ϢϜϨϜϤϳέϮΜόϟ΍ϰϠϋρϭήηϡΎϜΣ΃ϭϥΎϤπϟ΍ΔϠϣΎϜϟ΍ϰϠϋ*UHHQZRUNVΔΤϔλ
ΐϳϮϟ΍
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ϡ΍ΪΨΘγ΍ϚϠϬΘδϤϟ΍ϡ΍ΪΨΘγϻ΍ιΎΨϟ΍ϦϣΦϳέΎΗ˯΍ήθϟ΍΍άϫϥΎϤπϟ΍ϲτϐϳ
ΏϮϴϋΔϋΎϨμϟ΍ΪϗϢΘϳΡϼλ·ϭ΃ϝ΍ΪΒΘγ΍ΞΘϨϤϟ΍ΏϮτόϤϟ΍ΐΟϮϤΑϥΎϤπϟ΍Ύϣ΃
ϡ΍ΪΨΘγ΍ΞΘϨϤϟ΍
˳
ϞϜθΑΊρΎΧϭ΃Ϫϣ΍ΪΨΘγ΍ν΍ήϏϷΔϔϠΘΨϣϦϋϚϠΗΓέϮϛάϤϟ΍ϲϓ
ϞϴϟΩϚϟΎϤϟ΍ΪϗϱΩΆϳϰϟ·˯Ύϐϟ·ϥΎϤπϟ΍Ϟϛ΂Θϟ΍ϞόϔΑϞϣ΍Ϯόϟ΍ΔϴόϴΒτϟ΍˯΍ΰΟϷ΍ϭ
ΔϠϛ΂ΘϤϟ΍ϻϢΘϳΎϫέΎΒΘϋ΍ϞΧ΍ΩϥΎϤπϟ΍ϻήΛ΄ΘϳϥΎϤπϟ΍ϲϠλϷ΍ΔϛήθϠϟΔόϧΎμϟ΍
ϱ΄ΑϥΎϤοϲϓΎο·ϢΘϳϪϤϳΪϘΗΔτγ΍ϮΑϞϴϛϭϭ΃ϊ΋ΎΑΔ΋ΰΠΗ
ΐΠϳΓΩΎϋ·ΞΘϨϤϟ΍ΏϮτόϤϟ΍ϰϟ·ΔτϘϧ˯΍ήθϟ΍ΔΒϟΎτϤϠϟˬϥΎϤπϟΎΑϥ΃ϭήπΤΗ
ϚόϣϞϴϟΩ˯΍ήθϟ΍ΓέϮΗΎϔϟ΍
έ΍ήϗϖϓ΍ϮΘϟ΍ϊϣήϴϳΎόϣΩΎΤΗϻ΍ϲΑϭέϭϷ΍
Ϣγ΍ϥ΍ϮϨϋϭΔϛήθϟ΍ΔόϧΎμϟ΍
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Ϣγϻ΍ήΘϴΑϡϭήΘηέΩϭί
ϥ΍ϮϨόϟ΍5LJJDUHJDWDQ0DOP|6ZHGHQ
ΐΟϮϤΑϚϟΫϦϠόϧ
˷
ϥ΃ΞΘϨϤϟ΍
ΔΌϔϟ΍Γί΍
˷
ΰΟζ΋ΎθΤϟ΍
ί΍ήτϟ΍*;/0/0(
ϢϗέϞδϠδϤϟ΍ϊΟ΍έΔόϗέϢϴϴϘΗΞΘϨϤϟ΍
ΔϨγϢϴϤμΗΞΘϨϤϟ΍ϊΟ΍έΔόϗέϢϴϴϘΗΞΘϨϤϟ΍
ϖϓ΍ϮΘϣϊϣϡΎδϗϷ΍Ε΍ΫΔϠμϟ΍ϦϣϪϴΟϮΗΕϻϵ΍(&
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(8
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ΎϬϣ΍ΪΨΘγ΍
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ʧʺʴʯʰʥʥʫʥʺʠʺʩʣʩʤʤʰʥʺʧʺʤ
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ʺʰʷʺʤʧʺʴʤʸʥʦʩʴʬʤʡʡʢ
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ʺʬʲʴʤʩʬʫʤ
ʩʥʡʩʫʸʩʹʫʮʤ
ʯʥʷʩʸʣʫʥʬʠʹʣʤ
ʤʬʲʴʤʯʥʸʣʮʡ
ʺʥʶʲʤʬʲʴʤʬ
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ʺʥʶʲʤʬʲʴʤʬ
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 3DVNLUWLV 
 $SåYDOJD
6DXJD 
0RQWDYLPDV 
 ƲUDQNLRLãSDNDYLPDV
 $SDWLQơVUDQNHQRVDWOHQNLPDVLU
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 9LUãXWLQơVUDQNHQRVWYLUWLQLPDV 
 äROơVULQNWXYRWYLUWLQLPDV 
 0XOþLDYLPRƳWDLVRWYLUWLQLPDV
 3HLOLRSMRYLPRDXNãþLRQXVWDW\PDV 
 $NXPXOLDWRULDXVƳVWDW\PDV 
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 ƲUHQJLQLRVXVWDEG\PDV 
 äROơVULQNWXYRWXãWLQLPDV 
 'DUEDVãODLWXRVH
 1DXGRMLPRSDWDULPDL 
7HFKQLQơSULHåLnjUD
 %HQGURMLSULHåLnjUD
 3HLOLRNHLWLPDV 
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P|
3DUDNVWV.YDOLWƗWHVGDƺDVGLUHNWRUV
7HG4X

/DWYLHãX
/9
background
.LUMHOGXV
 (HVPlUN 
 hOHYDDGH 
2KXWXV 
3DLJDOGXV 
 6HDGPHODKWLSDNNLPLQH
 9ROWLJHDOXPLQHNlHSLGHODKWLMD
UHJXOHHULJHVHGD 
 3DLJDOGDJHOHPLQHNlHSLGH 
 3DLJDOGDJHPXUXNRJXMD 
 3DLJDOGDJHPXOWãLPLVHVXOJXU 
 6HDGLVWDJHWHUDN}UJXVO}LNHN}UJXV 
 3DLJDOGDJHDNXSORNN
 $NXSORNLHHPDOGDPLQH
.DVXWDPLQH 
 .lLYLWDJHVHDGH
 3HDWDJHVHDGH
 7KMHQGDJHPXUXNRJXMD
 7||WDPLQHNDOODNXWHO 
 3UDNWLOLVHGQ}XDQGHG
+RROGXV
 hOGKRROGXV
 9DKHWDJHWHUD
 6HDGPHKRLXVWDPLQH
9HDRWVLQJ 
7HKQLOLVHGDQGPHG
*DUDQWLL 
(h9DVWDYXVGHNODUDWVLRRQ

(HVWLNHHO
(7
background
.,5-(/'86
 ((60b5.
6HHVHDGHRQP}HOGXGPXUXQLLWPLVHNVNRGXPDMDSLGDPLVHV
/}LNHWHUDSHDEROHPDPDDSLQQDJDHQDPYlKHPSDUDOOHHOQH
.}LNQHOLUDWDVWSHDYDGQLLWPLVHDMDOYDVWXPDDGROHPD
 h/(9$$'(
-RRQLVa
.lHSLGHPHOOLWL
.lLYLWXVQXSS
hOHPLQHNlHSLGH
$OXPLQHNlHSLGH
7DJXPLVHYlOMDODVNHOXXN
$NXSHVDNDWH
.}UJXVHUHJXOHHULPLVHNDQJ
0XUXNRJXMD
0XOWãLPLVHVXOJXU

1XSS

3ROW

.LLUYDEDVWXVNDQJ

.RQNV

$NXSORNN

7XUYDY}WL

$NXYDEDVWXVQXSS

0XWWHU

9DKHSXNV

7HUD
2+8786
+2,$786
-lUJLJHNLQGODVWLN}LNLRKXWXVMXKLVHLG
/XJHJHNDVXWXVMXKHQGLW
3$,*$/'86
+2,$786
bUJHNDVXWDJHWDUYLNXLGPLVHLROHWRRWMDSRROWVRRYLWDWXG
+2,$786
bUJHSDQJHWXUYDY}WLWY}LDNXSORNNLVHDGPHOHHQQHNXL
N}LNRVDGRQNRUUHNWVHOWVHDGPHOHSDLJDOGDWXG
 6($'0(/$+7,3$..,0,1(
+2,$786
(QQHNDVXWDPLVWSDQJHVHDGHNRUUHNWVHOWNRNNX
+2,$786
bUJHNDVXWDJHVHDGHWNXLVHDGPHRVDGRQNDKMXVWXQXG
bUJHNDVXWDJHVHDGHWNXLP}QHGRVDGRQSXXGX
.XLRVDGRQNDKMXVWXQXGY}LSXXGXY}WNHKHQGXVW
WHHQLQGXVHJD
 $YDJHSDNHQG
 /XJHJHNDVWLVVLVDOGXYDLGGRNXPHQWH
 9}WNHN}LNRVDGNDVWLVWYlOMD
 9}WNHVHDGHNDVWLVWYlOMD
 9LVDNHNDVWMDSDNNHPDWHUMDOlUDYDVWDYDOWNRKDOLNHOH
HHVNLUMDGHOH
 92/7,*($/80,1(.b(3,'(
/$+7,-$5(*8/((5,*(6('$
-RRQLV
 .lHSLGHPHW||DVHQGLVVHVHDGPLVHNVW}PPDNHOHPLVW
NlHSLGHWOHVMDWDJDSRROH9HHQGXJHHWNlHSLGHPHG
NLQQLWXYDGNRUUHNWVHOWSLOXVVHMDNXXOHWHNO}SVDWXVW
 .HHUDNHDOXPLQHNlHSLGHNLQQLNDVXWDGHVVHOOHNVNDKHO
SRRODVXYDLGNLLUYDEDVWDPLVHNDQJH
0b5.86
9HHQGXJHHWP}OHPDGNlHSLGHPHGRQVDPDVDVHQGLV
+2,$786
.lHSLGHPHNRNNXY}LODKWLYROWLPLVHOYlOWLJHMXKWPHWH
NDKMXVWDPLVW
 3$,*$/'$*(h/(0,1(
.b(3,'(
-RRQLV
 -RRQGDJHOHPLVHNlHSLGHPHMDDOXPLVHNlHSLGHPHDYDG
 3DQJHSROGLGDYDGHVWOlEL
 .HHUDNHQXSXGSROWLGHOHNLQQL
 7HRVWDJHVDPDWRLPLQJWHLVHOSRROHO
 3$,*$/'$*(0858.2*8-$
-RRQLV
 (HPDOGDJHPXOWãLPLVHVXOJXU
 $YDJHWDJXPLVHYlOMDODVNHOXXNMDKRLGNHVHGD
 +RLGNHPXUXNRJXMDWVHOOHNlHSLGHPHVWMDNLQQLWDJHVHOOH
NRQNVXGDYDGHNOJH
 6XOJHJHWDJXPLVHYlOMDODVNHOXXN
 3$,*$/'$*(08/7â,0,6(
68/*85
-RRQLV

(HVWLNHHO
(7
background
 (HPDOGDJHPXUXNRJXMD
 $YDJHWDJXPLVHYlOMDODVNHOXXNMDKRLGNHVHGD
 +RLGNHPXOWãLPLVHVXOJXULWVHOOHNlHSLGHPHVWMD
SDLJDOGDJHVHHYlOMDODVNHVXXQDMDVVH
 6XOJHJHWDJXPLVHYlOMDODVNHOXXN
 6($',67$*(7(5$.®5*86
/®,.(.®5*86
6HDGPHWHUDO}LNHN}UJXVWVDDEVHDGLVWDGDHULQHYDWHOH
N}UJXVWHOH
-RRQLV
 7HUDN}UJXVHO}LNHN}UJXVHW}VWPLVHNVW}PPDNHN}UJXVH
UHJXOHHULPLVHNDQJLHWWHSRROH
 7HUDN}UJXVHO}LNHN}UJXVHODQJHWDPLVHNVONDNH
N}UJXVHUHJXOHHULPLVHNDQJLWDKDSRROH
 3$,*$/'$*($.83/2..
-RRQLV
+2,$786
.XLDNXSORNNY}LODDGLMDRQNDKMXVWDWXGYDKHWDJH
DNXSORNNY}LODDGLMDYlOMD
(QQHDNXSORNLSDLJDOGDPLVWY}LHHPDOGDPLVWSHDWDJH
VHDGHMDRRGDNHNXQLPRRWRUVHLVNXE
/XJHJHWHDGNHMDMlUJLJHDNXMDODDGLMDNDVXWXVMXKHQGLV
HVLWDWXGMXKLVHLG
+2,$786
.$687$*($,18/79$.87b5*(.$687$*(
.$.6,.3,1*(*$9$.87
0b5.86
6HDGPHNlLYLWDPLVHNVWXOHEP}OHPDGDNXGSHVDGHVVH
SDLJDOGDGD
 $YDJHDNXSHVDNDWH
 -RRQGDJHDNXSORNLVDNLGDNXSHVDVRRQWHJD
 /NDNHDNXSORNNDNXSHVDVVHQLLNDXJHOHHWDNXSORNN
OXNXVWXERPDNRKDOH
 $NXSORNNRQSDLJDVNXLNXXOHWHNO}SVDWXVW
 7HKNHVDPDWRLPLQJXWWHLVHDNXJD
 6XOJHJHDNXSHVDNDWH
0b5.86
0RRWRUNlLYLWXEDOOHVVLLVNXLSDQHWHVHDGPHVVH
WXUYDY}WPH
 $.83/2.,((0$/'$0,1(
-RRQLV
 $YDJHDNXSHVDNDWH
 (HPDOGDJHWXUYDY}WL
 9DMXWDJHMDKRLGNHDNXYDEDVWDPLVHQXSSXDOO
 hKHQGDJHVHDGPHDNXSORNNODKWL
.$687$0,1(
+2,$786
.DQGNHVHDGPHJDW||WDPLVHOVLOPDNDLWVHYDKHQGHLG
 .b,9,7$*(6($'(
-RRQLV
0b5.86
3DLJDOGDJHPXUXNRJXMDHQQHQLLWPLVW
 3DQJHWXUYDY}WLVHDGPHVVH
 9DMXWDJHMDKRLGNHNlLYLWXVQXSSXDOO
 .lLYLWXVQXSSXDOOKRLGHVW}PPDNHMDRWXVNDUELNlHSLGHW
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Specifications

Indexed Terms: Cordless Lawn Mower

Greenworks 01-0002512507UC Questions and Answers