Table of Contents
Before Using the Calculator
................................................... 4
Read This First ........................................................................................4
About This Manual ......................................................................................... 4
Key Operations .............................................................................................. 4
Menu Operations ............................................................................................5
Key and Key ........................................................................................6
Examples
....................................................................................................... 6
Initializing the Calculator .........................................................................6
Calculator "Get Started" Screen ............................................................. 6
Precautions .............................................................................................7
Safety Precautions .........................................................................................7
Handling Precautions .....................................................................................9
Getting Started ......................................................................................10
Attaching and Removing the Front Cover ....................................................10
Turning Power On and Off ............................................................................11
HOME Screen ..............................................................................................12
Adjusting Display Contrast ...........................................................................12
Key Markings ............................................................................................... 12
Indicators ......................................................................................................13
Using Menus ................................................................................................ 13
Calculator Apps and Menus ................................................. 17
Calculator Apps .....................................................................................17
Selecting a Calculator App ...........................................................................17
Installed Calculator App List .........................................................................17
Using the SETTINGS Menu ..................................................................18
Changing Calculator Settings .......................................................................18
Items and Available Setting Options ............................................................ 19
Using the CATALOG Menu and CATALOG List ....................................24
CATALOG Menu .......................................................................................... 24
CATALOG List ..............................................................................................24
Example Operations .....................................................................................25
Using the TOOLS Menu ........................................................................26
Inputting Expressions and Values ....................................... 27
Basic Input Rules ..................................................................................27
Inputting an Expression Using Natural Textbook Format (MathI/MathO or
MathI/DecimalO Only) ...........................................................................28
Undo Operations ..........................................................................................29
Using Values and Expressions as Arguments ............................................. 29
Overwrite Input Mode (LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO Only) ................29
Basic Calculations .................................................................30
Arithmetic Calculations ......................................................................... 30
1
Fraction Calculations ............................................................................ 30
Powers, Power Roots, and Reciprocals
................................................32
Pi, Natural Logarithm Base e ................................................................ 34
Pi ..................................................................................................................34
Natural Logarithm Base e .............................................................................34
Calculation History and Replay .............................................................34
Calculation History ....................................................................................... 34
Replay ..........................................................................................................35
Using Memory Functions ...................................................................... 35
Answer Memory (Ans) ..................................................................................35
Variables (A, B, C, D, E, F, x, y, z) ................................................................ 36
Clearing the Contents of All Memories .........................................................38
Changing Calculation Result Format .................................. 39
Toggling Calculation Results between Fraction and Decimal ............... 39
Changing the Display Format of Calculation Results (FORMAT Menu) ...
...............................................................................................................39
FORMAT Menu List ......................................................................................40
Conversion Sample Operation .....................................................................40
Fraction and Decimal Conversion .........................................................41
Rectangular and Polar Coordinate Conversion .................................... 42
Improper Fraction and Mixed Number Conversion ...............................43
Engineering Notation ............................................................................ 43
Sexagesimal Conversion (Degree, Minute, Second Calculations) ....... 44
Converting a Decimal Value Calculation Result to a Sexagesimal Value .... 44
Inputting and Calculating with a Sexagesimal Value ....................................45
Advanced Calculations .........................................................46
Function Analysis ..................................................................................46
Logarithm(log) ..............................................................................................46
Natural Logarithm .........................................................................................46
Probability ............................................................................................. 47
% ..................................................................................................................47
Factorial(!) ....................................................................................................47
Permutation(P), Combination(C) ..................................................................47
Random Number ..........................................................................................48
Random Integer ........................................................................................... 48
Numeric Calculations ............................................................................48
Absolute Value ............................................................................................. 49
Round Off .....................................................................................................49
Angle Unit, Polar/Rectangular Coordinate, Sexagesimal ..................... 49
Degrees, Radians, Gradians ........................................................................50
Rect to Polar, Polar to Rect ..........................................................................50
Degrees, Minutes, Seconds .........................................................................51
Hyperbolic, Trigonometric ..................................................................... 51
Hyperbolic Functions ....................................................................................51
Trigonometric Functions ...............................................................................51
2
Others ................................................................................................... 52
Using QR Code Functions
....................................................54
Using QR Code Functions .................................................................... 54
Displaying a QR Code ..................................................................................54
If You Experience Difficulty Scanning a QR Code ........................................55
Using Calculator Apps ..........................................................56
Statistical Calculations ..........................................................................56
General Procedure for Performing a Statistical Calculation .........................56
Inputting Data with Statistics Editor ..............................................................57
Displaying Statistical Calculation Results .................................................... 60
Using Statistical Calculation Screen ............................................................ 64
Statistical Calculation Formula .....................................................................70
Using Spreadsheet ............................................................................... 73
Inputting and Editing Cell Contents ..............................................................73
Inputting a Constant and Formula into a Cell ...............................................74
Cell Relative and Absolute References ........................................................75
Using Spreadsheet App Special Commands ...............................................77
Batch Inputting the Same Formula or Constant into Multiple Cells ..............78
Spreadsheet App Setting Items ................................................................... 79
Auto Calc and Recalculate ...........................................................................80
Equation Calculations ........................................................................... 80
Simultaneous Linear Equations ................................................................... 80
High-order Equations from 2nd to 4th Degree ............................................. 82
Base-n Calculations .............................................................................. 85
Specifying the Number Mode of a Particular Input Value .............................87
Converting a Calculation Result to Another Type of Value .......................... 87
Logical and Negation Operations .................................................................88
Technical Information ........................................................... 89
Errors .................................................................................................... 89
Displaying the Location of an Error ..............................................................89
Error Messages ............................................................................................89
Before Assuming Malfunction of the Calculator... ................................. 91
Replacing the Battery ............................................................................92
Calculation Priority Sequence ...............................................................93
Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision .......................... 94
Calculation Range and Precision .................................................................94
Function Calculation Input Ranges and Precision ....................................... 95
Specifications ........................................................................................97
Frequently Asked Questions ................................................98
Frequently Asked Questions .................................................................98
3
Before Using the Calculator
Read This First
About This Manual
• In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for
special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection
with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that
come with it. Moreover
, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for
any claim of any kind whatsoever by any other party arising out of the
use of this product and the items that come with it.
• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
• The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this
manual are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from
the actual items they represent.
• QR Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED
in Japan and in other countries.
• Company and product names used in this manual may be registered
trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners.
Key Operations
The example below shows how key operations are represented in this
manual.
Example 1:
Keys should be pressed in the sequence shown above (left to right).
Example 2: (π)*
The above indicates you should press and then , which will input
a π symbol. All multiple-key input operations are indicated like this. Key
cap markings are shown, followed by the input character or command in
parentheses.
4
* Refer to "Key Markings"
(page 12) for more information about the key
symbols used in this example.
Example 3:
, , , , ,
• Individual cursor keys indicated by (1) are represented as , , ,
.
• Individual page scroll keys indicated by (2) are represented as , .
Menu Operations
Some operations in this manual use a simplified form of menu operations,
as shown in the examples below
.
Example 1
– [Other] > [π]
or
Press , and then select [Other] > [π].
Actual Operation 1
1. Press .
2. Use and to select [Other], and then press .
3. Use and to select [π], and then press .
Example 2
– Calculate
or
5
Press , select the Calculate app icon, and then press .
Actual Operation 2
1. Press .
2. Use the cursor keys ( , , , ) to select the Calculate app icon,
and then press .
Key and Key
The key and key perform the same operation. In this manual, is
used for selecting or applying a setting, while is used for executing a
calculation. Note, however
, that it makes no difference whether you press
or for operations where either or is shown.
Examples
If you are not instructed to use a specific calculator app or to configure
particular settings for an example operation, the app and settings below
are assumed.
Calculator app: Calculate
Settings: Initial default calculator settings
For information about returning the calculator to its initial default settings,
see "Initializing the Calculator"
(page 6).
Initializing the Calculator
Important!
• The procedure below initializes all calculator settings, except for Contrast and Auto
Power Of
f. Also clears all data stored in calculator memory.
1. Press
to display the HOME screen.
2. Use the cursor keys ( , , , ) to select a calculator app icon,
and then press .
3. Press , and then select [Reset] > [Initialize All] > [Yes].
• This displays the HOME screen.
Calculator "Get Started" Screen
While the HOME screen is displayed, pressing the key will display the
"Get Started" screen, which includes the information below.
6
• QR Code for accessing the "Get Started" webpage of the Worldwide
Education Service (https://wes.casio.com/calc/cw/)
The Get Started webpage gives you access to the User
’s Guide and
other related information to help you get started with your calculator.
• Calculator ID number (24-character string)
Press
to return to the HOME screen.
Note
• You can also display the Get Started screen, by selecting it from the SETTINGS menu.
See "Using the SETTINGS Menu"
(page 18).
Precautions
Safety Precautions
Thank you for purchasing this CASIO product.
Be sure to read the "Safety Precautions" before using this product to
ensure that you use it correctly. Be sure to keep all user documentation
handy for future reference.
Symbol Examples
The symbol indicates something you should not do.
The symbol indicates something you must do.
7
Warning
Indicates something that creates the risk of death or serious
personal injury.
Display Screen
Do not press the LCD or subject it to strong impact.
Doing so can cause the LCD glass to crack, creating the risk of
personal injury
.
Should the LCD become cracked, never touch any of the
liquid inside.
LCD liquid getting on the skin creates the risk of skin irritation.
Should LCD liquid get into your mouth, immediately rinse your mouth
out and contact your physician.
Should LCD liquid get in your eyes or on your skin, rinse with clean
water and then contact your physician.
Battery Precautions
Should fluid leaking from a battery get on your skin or
clothing, immediately rinse it off with clean water
.
Battery fluid getting into the eyes creates the risk of eyesight loss, etc.
Rinse the eyes and then immediately contact a physician.
Caution
Indicates something that creates the risk of minor personal injury
or physical damage.
Observe the precautions below. Failure to do so can cause a
battery to rupture, creating the risk of fire, personal injury
, and
soiling of nearby objects by leaking fluid.
• Do not try to take a battery apart and never allow a battery to
become shorted.
• Do not charge a non-rechargeable battery.
• Do not expose a battery to heat or throw it into fire.
• Use only the specified type of battery.
• Load a battery with its poles (plus (+) and minus (–)) facing
correctly
.
• Replace the battery as soon as possible after it goes dead.
8
Battery Precautions
Observe the precautions below. Failure to do so can cause the
battery to explode or leak flammable liquid or gas.
• Remove and immediately recycle or dispose of used batteries
according to local regulations and keep away from children. Do not
dispose of batteries in household trash or incinerate.
• Even used batteries may cause severe injury or death.
• Call a local poison control center for treatment information.
• Use only the type of battery that is specified for this product.
• Do not burn a battery or dispose of it in an incinerator, or by
mechanical crushing or cutting.
• Do not subject a battery to excessively high or low temperatures
during use, storage, or transport.
• Do not subject a battery to excessively low barometric pressure
during use, storage, or transport.
• Remove and immediately recycle or dispose of batteries from
equipment not used for an extended period of time according to
local regulations.
• Always completely secure the battery compartment.
If the battery compartment does not close securely
, stop using the
product, remove the batteries, and keep them away from children.
Handling Precautions
• Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least
once every two years (R03).
• You will be charged for malfunction or damage due to battery leakage,
which is not covered by the warranty
.
• The battery that comes with the calculator discharges slightly during
shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement
sooner than the normal expected battery life.
• Avoid use and storage of the calculator in areas subjected to
temperature extremes, and large amounts of humidity and dust.
• Do not subject the calculator to excessive impact, pressure, or bending.
• Never try to take the calculator apart.
• Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator.
• Whenever discarding the calculator or batteries, be sure to do so in
accordance with the laws and regulations in your particular area.
9
Getting Started
Attaching and Removing the Front Cover
T
o remove the front cover
Before using the calculator, remove the front cover (①) and attach it to the
back (②).
To attach the front cover
When you are not using the calculator, remove the front cover (①) and
attach it to the front (②).
10
Important!
• Always attach the front cover to the calculator whenever you are not using it.
Otherwise, accidental operation of the key can cause the power to turn on and
run down the battery
.
Turning Power On and Off
Press
to turn on the calculator.
Press (OFF) to turn off the calculator.
Note
• To turn on power, long-press
. To avoid turning on power accidentally, the top of
key is slightly lower than the other keys.
• If the screen shown below appears right after you turn on power, it means that
remaining battery power is low
.
If this screen appears, replace the battery as soon as possible. For details about
battery replacement, see "Replacing the Battery" (page 92).
• The calculator also will turn off automatically after approximately 10 minutes or 60
minutes of non-use. Press the key to turn the calculator back on.
11
HOME Screen
Pressing displays the HOME screen. The HOME screen shows a list of
installed calculator apps.
HOME Screen Calculate App Screen
For information about installed calculator apps, see "Installed Calculator
App List" (page
17).
Adjusting Display Contrast
1. Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
2. Press , and then select [System Settings] > [Contrast].
3. Use and to adjust display contrast.
4. After the setting is the way you want, press .
Important!
• If adjusting display contrast does not improve display readability, it probably means
that battery power is low
. Replace the battery.
Key Markings
Pressing the
key followed by a second key performs the alternate
function of the second key
. The alternate function is indicated by the text
printed above the key, on the left.
(1) Keycap function:
(2) Alternate function: (π)
12
Indicators
Indicators
The table below describes indicators that appear at the top of the screen.
This indicator: Means this:
The keypad has been shifted by pressing the
key. The keypad will unshift and this indicator will
disappear when you press a key
.
MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO is selected for
Input/Output on the SETTINGS menu.
/ /
Current setting of Angle Unit ( : Degree, :
Radian, or : Gradian) on the SETTINGS menu.
FIX A fixed number of decimal places is in effect.
SCI A fixed number of significant digits is in effect.
i/∠
Current setting of Complex Result (i : a+bi
or ∠:
r∠θ) on the SETTINGS menu.
/
There is previous ( ) or following ( ) calculation
history for the currently displayed calculation
result.
Using Menus
Many of the operations of your calculator are performed using menu
screens. The example below shows operations starting from the menu
screen that appears when you press .
13
Selecting a Menu Item
There are two ways to select an item on a menu.
• Method 1: Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the item
you want to use and then press .
• Method 2: Press the key* that corresponds to the number or symbol
to the left of the item you want to select.
The number or symbol to the left of an item is its "Option Number".
Option Numbers
• You can use Option Numbers to select a menu by pressing its
corresponding number or symbol key even if its menu is not currently
displayed.
• Option Numbers are displayed when "On" is selected for the Show
Option Num
(page 23) setting on the SETTINGS menu and not
displayed when "Off" is selected. The default setting is On. Note that
menu operations you execute by pressing number and symbol keys
remain in effect even when "Off" is selected for the Show Option Num
setting.
14
Example of Menu Operations Using Option Numbers
1. Press , select the Calculate app icon, and then press .
• This displays the Calculate app’s initial screen.
2. Press , and then press to select [System Settings].
• This displays the menu items included under [System Settings].
3. Press to select [Show Option Num].
4. Press (Off).
• This turns off the Show Option Num setting, which causes the Option
Numbers to the left of the menu items to disappear.
5. Press to close the menu.
6. Perform the following key operation: press , (System Settings),
(Show Option Num), (On).
• This turns on the Show Option Num setting, which causes the Option
Numbers to reappear
.
7. Press to close the menu.
Navigating Between Menu Hierarchies
The " " indicator to the right of a menu item means that there are lower
hierarchy levels under that item. Selecting the menu item and pressing
15
or navigates the next lower level of the hierarchy. To return to the next
upper level of the hierarchy
, press
.
Note
• If you are in a lower level of the hierarchy of a one-column menu, you can press
in
addition to to return to the next higher level.
Selecting a Menu Item with a Radio Button ( / )
When the display shows a list of multiple options, each option will have a
radio button ( or ) to its left. indicates the currently selected option.
T
o configure the setting of a radio button menu item
1. Highlight the applicable menu item and then press
.
• What happens next depends on the type of menu item you selected.
- If there are no more settings to configure for the menu item you
selected, the radio button next to it will change to .
- The menu item you selected has more settings to configure, a
screen for selecting the menu item setting will appear
. In this case,
proceed to step 2.
2. On the setting screen, highlight the setting you want and then press
.
• This returns to the menu item screen in step 1, with the radio button
next to the menu item you previously selected changed to .
Scrolling Between Screens
A scroll bar will appear along the right side of the display when there are
so many menu items that they do not fit on one screen.
• Use and to scroll between screens.
• Use and to scroll line-by-line.
T
o close the menu and return to the screen displayed before
the menu
Press
.
Note
• You can close a menu displayed by pressing
, , , , or ( ) by
pressing . If the displayed menu is one that appears immediately after launching
a particular calculator app or if it is an app-specific menu, you cannot close it by
pressing . In that case, you must press to close the menu.
16
Calculator Apps and Menus
Calculator Apps
Selecting a Calculator App
Select a calculator app that is suitable for the type of calculation you want
to perform.
1. Press to display the HOME screen.
• For information about each calculator app, see the "Installed
Calculator App List"
(page 17).
2. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the icon of the app you
want to start up, and then press .
Alternatively
, you can press a key that is shown in the upper right corner
of the icon to start up an app.
• If 1 is shown in the upper right corner of the icon, press
.
Installed Calculator App List
Icon Description
(Calculate)
General calculations
(Statistics)
Statistical and regression
calculations
(Spreadsheet)
Spreadsheet calculations
17
(Equation)
Simultaneous equations and higher-
order equations
(Base-N)
Calculations involving specific
number systems (binary
, octal,
decimal, hexadecimal)
Using the SETTINGS Menu
T
o display the SETTINGS menu, press
while using a calculator app.
The SETTINGS menu includes the menu items below
.
Calc Settings
Includes menu items for configuring calculation
settings, such as the display format for
calculation results.
System Settings
Includes menu items for configuring calculator
operation settings, such as contrast adjustment.
Reset
Includes menu items for performing various types
of reset operations.
Get Started
Displays the Get Started screen. For more
information, see "Calculator "Get Started"
Screen"
(page 6).
Note
• Pressing
while the HOME screen is displayed will display the Get Started screen
instead of the SETTINGS menu.
• Depending on the screen displayed by the calculator app, pressing may not
display the SETTINGS menu.
Changing Calculator Settings
1. Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
18
2. Press to display the SETTINGS menu.
3. Use and to select Calc Settings or System Settings, and then
press .
• This displays a list of setting items included on the selected menu.
The screen here shows an example of what appears when [Calc
Settings] is selected.
• See "Items and A
vailable Setting Options" (page 19) for the
setting items included for [Calc Settings] and [System Settings].
4. Use
and to highlight the item whose setting you want to change,
and then press .
• This displays a list of setting options for the item you selected.
The screen here shows an example of what appears when [Input/
Output] is selected.
5. Use and to highlight the option you want, and then press .
6. After the setting is the way you want, press .
Items and Available Setting Options
"◆" indicates the initial default setting.
Calc Settings > Input/Output
Specifies the format to be used by the calculator for expression input and
calculation result output.
MathI/MathO
◆
Input: Natural Textbook; Output:
Fraction*
1
MathI/DecimalO
Input: Natural Textbook; Output:
Converted to decimal value
19
LineI/LineO
Input: Linear*
2
; Output: Decimal or
fraction
LineI/DecimalO
Input: Linear*
2
; Output: Converted
to decimal value
*
1
Decimal output is applied when fraction format cannot be output for
some reason.
*
2
All calculations, including fractions and functions are input in a single
line. Same output format as that for models without Natural T
extbook
Display (S-V.P.A.M. models, etc.)
Input/output format display examples:
MathI/MathO
(initial default setting)
MathI/DecimalO
(Number Format: Norm1:1.23 )
(Number Format: Norm2:0.00123)
LineI/LineO
LineI/DecimalO
(Number Format: Norm2:0.00123)
Calc Settings > Angle Unit
Degree
◆
; Radian; Gradian
Specifies degree, radian or gradian as the angle unit for value input and
calculation result display
.
Calc Settings > Number Format
Specifies the number of digits for display of a calculation result.
20
Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal
places for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded of
f
to the specified digit before being displayed.
Example: 1 ÷ 6
(Fix3:0.123)
1
6 ( )*
Sci: The value you specify (from 1 to 10) controls the number of significant
digits for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off
to the specified digit before being displayed.
Example: 1 ÷ 6
(Sci3 :1.23 )
1 6 ( )*
Norm: Displays calculation results in exponential format when they fall
within the ranges below
.
Norm 1: 10
-2
> |x|, |x| ≥ 10
10
, Norm 2
◆
: 10
-9
> |x|, |x| ≥ 10
10
Example:
1 ÷ 200
(Norm1:1.23
)
1 200 ( )*
(Norm2:0.00123)
1 200 ( )*
* Pressing ( ) instead of after inputting a calculation will display
the calculation result in decimal form.
Calc Settings > Fraction Result
Mixed Number; Improp Fraction
◆
Specifies either mixed number or improper fraction for display of fractions
in calculation results.
21
Calc Settings > Complex Result
a+bi
◆
; r∠θ
Specifies either rectangular coordinates or polar coordinates for Equation
app polynomial solutions.
Note
• An i indicator is displayed at the top of the screen while a+bi is selected for the
Complex Result setting. ∠ is displayed while r∠θ is selected.
Calc Settings > Decimal Mark
Dot
◆
; Comma
Specifies whether to display a dot or a comma for the calculation result
decimal mark. A dot is always displayed during input. When dot is selected
as the decimal mark, the separator for multiple results is a comma (,).
When comma is selected, the separator is a semicolon (;).
Calc Settings > Digit Separator
On; Of
f
◆
Specifies whether or not a separator character should be used in
calculation results.
Calc Settings > FORMAT Key
You can toggle what happens when
is pressed between the two
operations described below
.
Decimal
◆
Each press of toggles the displayed
calculation result between a form that
includes fraction and decimal form. Press
( ) to display the FORMAT menu.
Format Menu
Press to display the FORMAT menu.
Each press of ( ) toggles the
displayed calculation result between a
form that includes fraction and decimal
form.
22
System Settings > Contrast
See "Adjusting Display Contrast" (page 12).
System Settings > Auto Power Off
10 Min.
◆
; 60 Min.
Specify the amount of time until Auto Power Of
f is triggered.
System Settings > MultiLine Font
Normal Font
◆
; Small Font
Specifies the display font size when LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO is
selected for Input/Output. Up to four lines can be displayed while Normal
Font is selected, and up to six lines can be displayed with Small Font.
System Settings > Show Option Num
On
◆
; Off
Specifies whether to show Option Numbers (numbers and symbols to
the left of menu items) on menus and dialogs. For details about Option
Numbers, see "Selecting a Menu Item" (page 14).
System Settings > QR Code
Specifies the version of the QR Code displayed when
is pressed.
V
ersion 3: Indicates QR Code Version 3.
Version 11
◆
: Indicates QR Code Version 11.
Reset > Settings & Data
See "T
o initialize calculator settings" (page 24).
Reset > Variable Memory
See "Clearing the Contents of All Memories" (page 38).
Reset > Initialize All
See "Initializing the Calculator" (page 6).
23
Get Started
See "Calculator "Get Started" Screen" (page 6).
To initialize calculator settings
Important!
• The procedure below initializes all calculator settings, except for Contrast and Auto
Power Of
f. Also clears all data except for variable memory and Ans data.
1. Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
2. Press , and then select [Reset] > [Settings & Data] > [Yes].
• This displays the HOME screen.
Using the CA
TALOG Menu and
CATALOG List
CATALOG Menu
Press
to display the CATALOG menu like the one shown below. This
menu shows categories of the commands, functions, and symbols in
accordance with the calculator app you are currently using and the current
status (displayed screen or current settings) of the app.
Example: CATALOG menu of the Calculate app
CATALOG List
Pressing ( ) displays the CATALOG list like the one shown below
instead of the CA
TALOG menu. By pressing the key indicated in a black
circle (
) on this list, you can input the command, function or symbol
followed by the circle.
Example: CATALOG list of the Calculate app
24
Example Operations
Example: T
o calculate 20% of 30 in the Calculate app
Using the CATALOG menu:
30
20
[Probability] > [%]
Using the CATALOG list:
30 20
( )
*
* Items that appear on the CATALOG list vary depending on the current
settings and the app you are using. Because of this, "%" may not always
be input with the same key
. Be sure to find the function, command or
symbol you want to input on the CATALOG list and press the appropriate
key.
Note
• For information about all commands, functions, and symbols that can be input from the
CA
TALOG menu, see "Advanced Calculations" (page 46).
• For information about the commands, functions, and symbols specific to each
calculator app, refer to the calculator app descriptions in "Using Calculator Apps"
(page 56).
25
Using the TOOLS Menu
The T
OOLS menu that appears when you press
includes menu items
for performing functions specific to each calculator app and for configuring
settings.
Example: TOOLS menu for the Calculate app
Examples: TOOLS menu for the Statistics app
Note
• The menu items below are common to multiple calculator apps.
- Undo (See "Undo Operations"
(page 29).)
26
Inputting Expressions and
V
alues
Basic Input Rules
When you press
the priority sequence of the input calculation will be
evaluated automatically and the result will appear on the display
.
4 × sin 30 × (30 + 10 × 3) = 120
*
1
Input of the closing parenthesis is required for sin and other functions
that include parentheses.
*
2
These multiplication symbols (×) can be omitted.
*
3
The closing parenthesis immediately before the operation can be
omitted.
Moving the Cursor to the Beginning or End of an Input
Expression
While inputting an expression, you can press to make the cursor
jump to the beginning of the expression or to jump to the end of the
expression.
Input Expression and Calculation Result "More" Indicator (
,
)
If you see a pointer (
or ) symbol on the right side of either an
input expression line or calculation result line, it means the displayed line
continues to the right. Use and to scroll the line left and right.
• When you see at the right end of a calculation result line, you can
jump to the end of the result by pressing . To jump to the beginning of
a calculation result line, press .
• Note that if you want to scroll the input expression while both the
and
indicators are displayed, you will need to press or first and
then use and to scroll.
27
Parentheses Auto Complete
If you execute a calculation that includes both division and multiplication
operations in which a multiplication sign has been omitted, parentheses
will be inserted automatically as shown in the examples below.
- When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before an open
parenthesis or after a closing parenthesis.
Example: 6 ÷ 2(1 + 2) → 6 ÷ (2(1 + 2))
- When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before a variable, a
constant, etc.
Example: 6 ÷ 2π → 6 ÷ (2π)
Input Limit Indication
The cursor will change shape to
when there are 10 bytes or less of
allowed input remaining. If this happens, end calculation input and then
press .
Inputting an Expression Using
Natural Textbook Format (MathI/
MathO or MathI/DecimalO Only)
Expressions that include fractions and/or special functions such as √ can
be input in natural textbook format by using templates that appear when
certain keys are pressed, or when you input certain functions from the
CATALOG menu.
Example: 3
1
2
+ 5
3
2
1. Press ( ).
• This inputs a mixed number template.
2. Input values into the integer, numerator, and denominator areas of the
template.
3 1 2
28
3. Do the same to input the remainder of the expression.
( )5 3 2
Note
• While the input cursor is located within the input area of a template (mixed numbers),
pressing jumps to the position immediately following (to the right of) the
template, while pressing jumps to the position immediately before (to the left
of) it.
• You can always tell the current location of the cursor within a template because the
blank framed area or the characters where it is located will be dark black. Everything
else in the calculation expression will be dark gray
.
Undo Operations
T
o undo the last key operation, press
, select [Undo], and then press
.
T
o redo a key operation you have just undone, press
, select [Undo],
and then press again.
Using V
alues and Expressions as Arguments
Example: To input 1 +
7
6
and then change it to 1 +
1 7 6 (INS)
Pressing (INS) in the above example causes
7
6
to be the argument
of the function input by the next key operation (
√
).
Overwrite Input Mode (LineI/LineO or
LineI/DecimalO Only)
In the overwrite mode, text you input replaces the text at the current
cursor location. Y
ou can toggle between the insert and overwrite modes
by performing the operation:
(INS). The cursor appears as " " in the
insert mode and as " " in the overwrite mode.
29
Basic Calculations
Arithmetic Calculations
Use the , , , and keys to perform arithmetic calculations.
Example: 7 × 8 −
4 × 5 = 36
7
8 4 5
Fraction Calculations
Note that the input method for fractions depends on the current Input/
Output setting on the SETTINGS menu.
T
o input
7
3
(improper fraction)
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO)
7 3 or 7 3
7
3
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO)
7 3
(a) Numerator, (b) Denominator
To input 2
1
3
(mixed number)
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO)
( )2 1 3
2
1
3
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO)
30
2 1 3
(a) Numerator, (b) Denominator, (c) Integer Part
Example:
2
3
+ 1
1
2
=
13
6
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
2 3 ( )1 1 2
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
2 3 1 1 2
Note
• Fractions in calculation results are displayed after being reduced to their lowest terms.
T
o convert a calculation result format to improper fraction or mixed
number, press
( ). For more information, see "Improper Fraction
and Mixed Number Conversion"
(page 43).
Fraction Format Calculation Results
A calculation result whose total number of digits used in the mixed number
(including integer, numerator, denominator, and separator symbol
) is
greater than 10 cannot be displayed using fraction format. In this case, the
calculation result is displayed as a decimal value.
Example 1:
1
1 123456 = 123457 123456
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
1 1 123456
Since the total number of digits of the value 1 1 123456 is 10, the result
is displayed as a fraction value.
Example 2:
1
1 1234567 (= 1234568 1234567) = 1.00000081
31
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
1
1 1234567
Since the total number of digits of the value 1 1 1234567 is 11, the
result is displayed as a decimal value.
Note
• Mixing fractions and decimal values in a calculation while something other than MathI/
MathO is selected will cause the result to be displayed as a decimal value.
Powers, Power Roots, and
Reciprocals
Use the keys below to input power functions, power root functions, and
reciprocal function.
Power functions:
(square), (n
th
power)
Power root functions: (square root), ( ) (n
th
root)
Reciprocal function:
( )
Example 1: (5
2
)
3
= 15625
5 3
Example 2: (1 + 1)
2+2
= 16
1 1 2 2
Example 3: √2 × 3 = 4.242640687...
2 3
Example 4:
5
√32 = 2
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
32
( ) 5 32
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
5 ( ) 32
Example 5: 10
-1
=
1
10
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
10 ( )
Key (Power of 10)
Use the
key to calculate power of 10. Pressing inputs the function
. This function takes arguments before and after it with the form a
n
(n
is an integer) and returns the result of 10
n
multiplied by a.
T
o calculate
4 × 10
7
3 × 10
8
Example 1: (Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
4 7 3 8
Example 2: (Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
4 7 3 8
Note
• Parentheses will be inserted automatically as shown in the examples above.
Note, however
, that parentheses will not be inserted automatically if you input the
sexagesimal symbol (
) immediately after .
33
1 2 ( )2 2 ( )
3 2 ( )
Pi, Natural Logarithm Base e
Pi
Input π by pressing (π).
π is displayed as 3.141592654, but π = 3.1415926535897932384626 is
used for internal calculations.
Natural Logarithm Base e
Input e
by pressing
(e).
Natural Logarithm Base e is displayed as 2.718281828, but e =
2.7182818284590452353602 is used for internal calculations.
Calculation History and Replay
Calculation History
An and/or at the top of the screen indicates more calculation history
content above and/or below
. You can scroll through calculation history
contents using
and .
Apps that support calculation history: Calculate, Base-N
Example
2 + 2 = 4
2 2
3 + 3 = 6
3
3
(Scrolls back.)
34
Note
• Calculation history data is all cleared whenever you press or , when you
change the calculator app, when you change the Input/Output setting, or whenever
you perform a Reset operation ("Settings & Data" or "Initialize All").
Replay
While a calculation result is on the display
, you can press
, or to
edit the expression you used for the previous calculation.
Example
4 × 3 + 2 = 14
4 3 2
4 × 3 − 7 = 5
(Continuing) 7
Note
• If (left) or (right) is displayed on either end or both ends of a calculation result
line, you can use and to scroll the line left and right. If this happens, press
or first, and then use and to edit the expression.
Using Memory Functions
Answer Memory (Ans)
The last calculation result obtained is stored in Ans (answer) memory
.
Using Ans Memory to Perform a Series of Calculations
Example: To divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30
3
4
(Continuing) 30
35
Inputting Ans Memory Contents into an Expression
Example: To perform the calculations shown below:
123 456
(Continuing) 789
Variables (A, B, C, D, E, F, x, y, z)
Y
ou can store values to variables and use the variables in calculations.
Variable List Screen
Pressing displays a screen that shows the values currently stored to
variables A, B, C, D, E, F
, x, y, and z. On this screen, values are always
displayed using the "Norm 1" Number Format. To close the screen, press
or .
Example 1: T
o store the result of 3 + 5 to variable A
1. Execute the calculation.
3
5
2. Press , and then select [A=] > [Store].
• This stores the result of 3 + 5 (which is 8) to variable A.
3. Press .
Example 2: To change the contents of variable A to 1
1. Press , and then highlight [A=].
36
2. Press .
• This displays the editing screen with 1 entered.
3. Press .
Note
• In place of the operation in step 2 above, you can press and then select [Edit].
This displays the editing screen with nothing input. Input the value you want and then
press .
• Depending on the operation you were performing immediately before pressing to
display the variable list screen, you cannot change the contents of a variable from
the variable list screen. In this case, a lock ( ) icon appears when you highlight a
variable on the variable list screen, indicating that the highlighted variable cannot be
edited.
For example, if you press while inputting data in the Statistics Editor of the
Statistics app
(page 56), the
icon appears on the right of the highlighted
variable, which means the variable cannot be edited.
On the Statistics Editor, press to stop inputting data and then press . The
icon disappears, and you will be able to edit the variable.
Example 3: T
o recall the contents of variable A
(Continuing from step 2 of Example 1)
1. Press
, and then select [A=] > [Recall].
• This inputs "A".
2. Press .
• This recalls the value of variable A.
37
Example 4: To multiply the contents of variable A by 10
(Continuing from step 2 of Example 1)
(A)* 10
* Input a variable as shown here: press and then press the key that
corresponds to the desired variable name. T
o input x as the variable
name, you can press
(x) or .
Clearing the Contents of All Memories
Ans memory and variable contents are retained even if you press
,
change the calculator app, or turn of
f the calculator.
Perform the procedure below when you want to clear the contents of all
memories.
1. Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
2. Press , and then select [Reset] > [Variable Memory] > [Yes].
38
Changing Calculation Result
Format
T
oggling Calculation Results
between Fraction and Decimal
Each press of
while a calculation result is displayed toggles the result
between a decimal value and a fraction.
Note
• Toggling calculation result display formats by pressing only
is supported when "
Decimal" (initial default) is selected for the FORMAT Key setting on the SETTINGS
menu. If "Format Menu" is selected for the FORMA
T Key setting, press
( ).
Example: 3 ÷ 2 =
3
2
= 0.5 (Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
3 2
To obtain a decimal value calculation result while MathI/MathO
or LineI/LineO is selected
Press ( ) instead of after inputting a calculation.
Changing the Display Format of
Calculation Results (FORMA
T Menu)
Pressing
( )* displays the FORMAT menu, which you can use to
change the display format of calculation results.
39
* When " Decimal" (initial default) is selected for the FORMAT Key
setting on the SETTINGS menu. If "Format Menu" is selected for the
FORMA
T Key setting, press
.
FORMA
T Menu List
This menu item: Converts to this format:
(Sys) Fraction
Decimal Decimal
Rectangular Coord Rectangular coordinates
Polar Coord Polar coordinates
Improper Fraction Improper fraction
Mixed Number Mixed number
ENG Notation
Engineering notation (a×10
n
format, n
= exponent divisible by 3)
Sexagesimal
Degree, minute, second
(Sexagesimal)
Note
• The menu items that appear when
( ) is pressed depend on the currently
displayed calculation result. Also, if a calculation result that cannot be converted is
displayed, the menu will not appear when you press ( ).
Conversion Sample Operation
Example: 3 ÷ 2 =
3
2
= 1.5 = 1
1
2
In this example, we will convert a calculation result displayed as an
improper fraction to a decimal value and then to a mixed number
. Finally,
40
we will cancel the conversion and go back to the original calculation result.
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO, Fraction Result: Improp Fraction)
1. Execute the calculation 3 ÷ 2.
3 2
2. To convert the calculation result to a decimal value, press ( ),
select [Decimal], and then press .
3. To convert the calculation result to a mixed number, press ( ),
select [Mixed Number], and then press .
4. To cancel conversion, press .
• This displays the original calculation result from step 1.
Fraction and Decimal Conversion
Y
ou can use the operation below to convert a calculation result to a
decimal value and a fraction.
Example: 1 ÷ 6 =
1
6
= 0.1666666667 (Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
1 6
( )
(Select [Decimal].)
41
(Converts to a decimal value.)
( )
(Coverts to fraction format.)
Important!
• With certain calculation results, selecting [
(Sys)] on the FORMAT menu will not
convert the displayed value.
T
o obtain a decimal value calculation result while MathI/MathO
or LineI/LineO is selected
Press
( ) instead of after inputting a calculation.
Rectangular and Polar Coordinate
Conversion
You can convert a complex number calculation result to rectangular
coordinates ( ( ) – [Rectangular Coord]) or polar coordinates (
( ) – [Polar Coord]). This conversion operation can be performed in the
following case.
• While an Equation app higher-order equation solution is displayed
(provided that On is selected for the – [Complex Roots] setting of
the Equation app)
For an actual sample conversion operation, see the sections below.
"Converting a Complex Number Solution to Rectangular or Polar
Coordinates" (page 85)
42
Improper Fraction and Mixed
Number Conversion
Y
ou can convert the currently displayed fraction or decimal value (decimal
value that is convertible to a fraction by this calculator) calculation result to
a mixed number or an improper fraction.
Example 1:
13
4
= 3
1
4
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO, Fraction Result: Improp Fraction)
13 4
( ) – [Mixed Number]
( ) – [Improper Fraction]
Example 2: 3.25 =
13
4
= 3
1
4
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
3 25
( ) – [Improper Fraction]
( ) – [Mixed Number]
Engineering Notation
Y
ou can convert the exponent part of a displayed calculation result value
to a power of ten that is a multiple of 3, and displays the result.
Example: Transform the value 1234 to engineering notation, shifting the
decimal mark to the right, and then to the left.
1. Input 1234, and then press
.
2. Perform the operation below to enter the ENG Conversion Mode.
( ) – [ENG Notation]
43
• Entering the ENG Conversion Mode converts the calculation result to
engineering notation and causes to appear to its right.
• In the ENG Conversion Mode, you can use and to shift the
decimal point of the mantissa.
3. To exit the ENG Conversion Mode, press .
• This exits the ENG Conversion Mode and causes to disappear from
the display
.
• You can also exit the ENG Conversion Mode by pressing or .
Note
• Normal calculations are not possible while in the ENG Conversion Mode. To start a
new calculation, exit the ENG Conversion Mode.
Sexagesimal Conversion (Degree,
Minute, Second Calculations)
Y
ou can convert a decimal value calculation result to a sexagesimal value.
Converting a Decimal Value Calculation Result to a
Sexagesimal Value
Example: 1.25 = 1°15’0”
1
25
44
( ) – [Sexagesimal]
Inputting and Calculating with a Sexagesimal
V
alue
In addition to converting a displayed value to a sexagesimal value, you
can also input sexagesimal values and use them in calculations.
The syntax below is for inputting a sexagesimal value:
{degrees}
( ) {minutes} ( ) {seconds} ( )
Note that you must always input something for the degrees and minutes,
even if they are zero.
Example: To perform the calculation 2°20’30” + 9’30”. Next, convert the
calculation result to a decimal value.
2 ( )20 ( )30 ( )
0 ( )9 ( )30 ( )
(Convert to a decimal value.)
( ) – [Decimal]
(Return to sexagesimal display.)
( ) – [Sexagesimal]
45
Advanced Calculations
This section describes commands, functions, and symbols that are
common to all of the calculator apps. The order used here to present
commands, functions, and symbols is the same order in which they are
displayed on the CA
TALOG menu that appears when you press
.
Note
• There are also calculator app-specific CATALOG menu items, which are not shown
here. See the chapter for each calculator app for more information about app-specific
menu items.
• Depending on the calculator app you are using and the screen displayed by the
calculator app, you may not be able to input some commands, functions, or symbols.
Commands, functions, and symbols that cannot be input do not appear on the
CA
TALOG menu.
• The commands, functions, and symbols described here are not available in the Base-
N app.
• Pressing
( ) displays a list of up to 15 commands, functions, and symbols
per a screen (CA
TALOG list) instead of the CATALOG menu. For more information,
see "CATALOG List" (page 24).
Function Analysis
This section explains commands and functions that you can input after
performing the operation:
– [Func Analysis].
Logarithm(log)
Use or – [Func Analysis] > [Logarithm(log)] to input "log".
Example: log
10
1000 = log 1000 = 3
1000
Natural Logarithm
Use (ln) or – [Func Analysis] > [Natural Logarithm] to input "ln".
Example: ln 90 (= log
e
90) = 4.49980967
46
(ln)90
Probability
This section explains commands and functions that you can input after
performing the operation: – [Probability].
%
Inputting a value followed by % command causes the input value to
become a percent.
Example 1: 150 × 20% = 30
150 20
– [Probability] > [%]
Example 2: Calculate what percentage of 880 is 660. (75%)
660 880
– [Probability] > [%]
Example 3: Discount 3500 by 25%. (2625)
3500
3500 25
– [Probability] > [%]
Factorial(!)
This function obtains the factorials of a value that is zero or a positive
integer
.
Example: (5 + 3)! = 40320
5 3
– [Probability] > [Factorial(!)]
Permutation(P), Combination(C)
Permutation (nPr) and combination (nCr) functions.
47
Example: T
o determine the number of permutations and combinations
possible when selecting four people from a group of 10
Permutations:
10
– [Probability] > [Permutation(P)]
4
Combinations:
10
– [Probability] > [Combination(C)]
4
Random Number
This function generates a pseudo random number in the range of 0.000 to
0.999. The result is displayed as a fraction when MathI/MathO is selected
for Input/Output on the SETTINGS menu.
Example: T
o obtain random three-digit integers
1000
– [Probability] > [Random Number]
(The result differs with each execution.)
Random Integer
This function generates a pseudo random integer between a specified
start value and end value.
Example: T
o generate random integers in the range of 1 to 6
– [Probability] > [Random Integer]
1 (,)6
(The result differs with each execution.)
Numeric Calculations
This section explains commands and functions that you can input after
performing the operation: – [Numeric Calc].
48
Absolute Value
When you are performing a real number calculation, this function simply
obtains the absolute value.
Example:
|2 − 7| = Abs(2 − 7) = 5
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
– [Numeric Calc] > [Absolute Value]
2 7
(Input/Output: LineI/LineO)
– [Numeric Calc] > [Absolute Value]
2 7
Round Off
Using the Round Of
f function (Rnd) causes decimal fraction values of
the argument to be rounded in accordance with the current Number
Format setting. For example, the internal and displayed result of Rnd(10
÷ 3) is 3.333 when the Number Format setting is "Fix3:0.123". Using
the Norm1:1.23
or Norm2:0.00123 setting cause the argument to be
rounded of
f at the 11th digit of the mantissa part.
Example: To perform the following calculations when "Fix3:0.123" is
selected for the number of display digits: 10 ÷ 3 × 3 and Rnd(10 ÷ 3)
× 3
(Input/Output: MathI/DecimalO, Number Format: Fix3:0.123)
10
3 3
– [Numeric Calc] > [Round Off]
10 3 3
Angle Unit, Polar/Rectangular
Coordinate, Sexagesimal
This section explains commands, functions, and symbols that you can
input after performing the operation: – [Angle/Coord/Sexa].
49
Degrees, Radians, Gradians
These functions specify the angle unit.
° specifies degree,
r
radian, and
g
gradian.
Y
ou can input each function using the menu items below.
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Degrees]
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Radians]
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Gradians]
Example: π/2 radians = 90° (Angle Unit: Degree)
(π) 2
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Radians]
Rect to Polar, Polar to Rect
"Pol(" converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, while "Rec("
converts polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates.
• Specify the Angle Unit on the SETTINGS menu before performing
calculations.
• The calculation result for r and θ and for x
and y are each stored
respectively to variables x and y.
• Calculation result θ is displayed in the range of -180° < θ ≤ 180°.
Note
• Pol( and Rec( can be used on the calculation screen of the calculator apps below.•
Calculate, Statistics
Example 1: T
o convert rectangular coordinates (√
2, √2) to polar
coordinates (Input/Output: MathI/MathO, Angle Unit: Degree)
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Rect to Polar]
2 (,) 2
50
Example 2: T
o convert polar coordinates (√
2, 45°) to rectangular
coordinates (Input/Output: MathI/MathO, Angle Unit: Degree)
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Polar to Rect]
2 (,) 45
Degrees, Minutes, Seconds
Y
ou can use the keys or the menu item below to input the sexagesimal
symbol (
).
( )
– [Angle/Coord/Sexa] > [Degs Mins Secs]
For details, see "Sexagesimal Conversion (Degree, Minute, Second
Calculations)" (page 44).
Hyperbolic, Trigonometric
This section explains hyperbolic and trigonometric functions.
Hyperbolic Functions
Hyperbolic functions can be input using the menu items below.
– [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [sinh], [cosh], [tanh], [sinh
-1
], [cosh
-1
], or [tanh
-1
]
The angle unit setting does not affect calculations.
Example: sinh 1 = 1.175201194
– [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [sinh] 1
Trigonometric Functions
T
rigonometric functions can be input using the keys or menu items below.
Key Menu Item
– [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [sin]
– [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [cos]
– [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [tan]
(sin
-1
) – [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [sin
-1
]
51
*
1
*
2
*
3
(cos
-1
) – [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [cos
-1
]
(tan
-1
) – [Hyperbolic/Trig] > [tan
-1
]
Specify the Angle Unit on the SETTINGS menu before performing
calculations.
Example: sin 30 =
1
2
(Angle Unit: Degree)
30
Others
Functions and symbols that can be input with the calculator keys can also
be input using the [Other] menu. Use – [Other] to display the function
and symbol menu. For example, to input Ans, you could either press or
perform the following operation: – [Other] > [Ans].
The table below shows the [Other] menu item that corresponds to each
key operation.
Menu Item Key
Ans
π
(π)
e
(e)
√
(
x
√ ( ( )
-1
( )
2
^(
- ((-))
, (,)
52
(
)
*
1
Reciprocal
*
2
Square
*
3
Minus sign
53
Using QR Code Functions
Using QR Code Functions
Y
our calculator can display QR Code symbols that can be read by a smart
device.
Important!
• The operations in this section assume that the smart device being used has a QR
Code reader that can read multiple QR Code symbols, and it can connect to the
Internet.
• Scanning a QR Code displayed by this calculator with a smart device will cause the
smart device to access the CASIO website.
Note
• QR Code appears on the display whenever you press
while any one of the
screens below is displayed.
- HOME screen
- SETTINGS menu screen
- Error screens
- Calculation result screens in any calculator app
- T
able screens in any calculator app
- Spreadsheet app screen
For details, visit the CASIO website (https://wes.casio.com).
Displaying a QR Code
Example: To display the QR Code for a calculation result in the
calculator’s Calculate app and scan it with a smart device
1. In the Calculate app, perform some calculation.
2. Press
to display the QR Code.
• The numbers in the lower right corner of the display show the current
QR Code number and the total number of QR Code symbols. T
o
display the next QR Code, press
or .
Note
• To return to a previous QR Code, press
or as many times as required to
scroll forward until it appears.
3. Use a smart device to scan the QR Code on the calculator display
.
• For information about how to scan a QR Code, refer to the user
documentation of the QR Code reader you are using.
54
If You Experience Difficulty Scanning a QR Code
While the QR Code is displayed, use and to adjust the display
contrast of the QR Code. This contrast adjustment af
fects QR Code
displays only.
Important!
• Depending on the smart device and/or QR Code reader app being used, you may
experience problems scanning the QR Code symbols produced by this calculator
.
• When the "QR Code" setting on the SETTINGS menu is "Version 3", the calculator
apps that can display QR Code symbols are limited. If you try to display a QR Code in
an app that does not support QR Code display, the message "Not Supported (Version
3)" will appear. However, the QR Code produced by this setting is easier to scan with a
smart device.
• For more information, visit the CASIO website (https://wes.casio.com).
55
Using Calculator Apps
Statistical Calculations
The Statistics app calculates various statistical values based on single-
variable (x) or paired-variable (x, y) data.
General Procedure for Performing a Statistical
Calculation
1. Press , select the Statistics app icon, and then press .
2. On the menu that appears, select [1-Variable] (single-variable) or [2-
Variable] (paired-variable), and then press .
• This displays the Statistics Editor.
Single-variable
Paired-variable
3. Display the Freq (frequency) column as needed.
• For details, see "Freq (Frequency) Column"
(page 57).
4. Input data.
• For details, see "Inputting Data with Statistics Editor" (page 57).
5. After you finish inputting data, press
.
• This causes the menu below to appear.
Single-variable
56
Paired-variable
6. Select the menu item for the operation you want to perform.
• Select [1-Var Results], [2-Var Results], or [Reg Results] to see a list
of calculation results based on the data you entered. For details, see
"Displaying Statistical Calculation Results" (page 60).
• To display a statistical calculation screen for performing calculations
based on the input data, select [Statistics Calc]. For details, see
"Using Statistical Calculation Screen" (page 64).
Note
• To return to the Statistics Editor from a statistical calculation screen, press
and
then .
Inputting Data with Statistics Editor
Statistics Editor displays one, two, or three columns: single-variable
(x), single-variable and frequency (x, Freq), paired-variable (x, y), paired-
variable and frequency (x, y, Freq). The number of data rows that can be
input depends on the number of columns: 160 rows for one column, 80
rows for two columns, 53 rows for three columns.
Important!
• All data currently input in the Statistics Editor is deleted whenever you perform any of
the operations below.
- Switching the statistical calculation type between single-variable and paired-variable
- Changing the Frequency setting on the TOOLS menu
• Statistical calculations can take considerable time when there are a large number of
data items.
Freq (Frequency) Column
If you turn on the Frequency setting on the T
OOLS menu, a column
labeled "Freq" will also be included on the Statistics Editor. You can use
the Freq column to specify the frequency (the number of times the same
sample appears in the data group) of each sample value.
57
Single-variable
Paired-variable
T
o display the Freq column
1. While the Statistics Editor is displayed, press
and then select
[Frequency] > [On].
2. Press to return to the Statistics Editor.
T
o hide the Freq column
1. While the Statistics Editor is displayed, press
and then select
[Frequency] > [Of
f].
2. Press
to return to the Statistics Editor.
Rules for Inputting Sample Data on the Statistics Editor
Data you input is inserted into the cell where the cursor is located. Use the
cursor keys to move the cursor between cells.
Cursor
After inputting a value, press . This registers the value and displays up
to six of its digits in the cell.
Example 1: T
o select paired-variable and input the following data: (170,
66), (179, 75), (173, 68)
1. Press
, select the Statistics app icon, and then press .
2. Select [2-V
ariable], and then press
.
58
3. Use the operation below to input data.
170 179 173
66 75 68
Note
• On the Statistics Editor, you can store the value in a cell to a variable. For example,
performing the following operation while the screen in step 3 is displayed above
will store 68 to variable A: – [A=] > [Store]. For details about variables, see
"V
ariables (A, B, C, D, E, F, x, y, z)" (page 36).
Editing Sample Data
To replace the data in a cell
On the Statistics Editor, move the cursor to the cell containing the data you
want to edit, input the new data, and then press
.
To delete a row
On the Statistics Editor, move the cursor to the row you want to delete and
then press .
T
o insert a row
1. On the Statistics Editor, move the cursor to the row that will be under
the row you will insert.
2. Perform the following operation:
– [Edit] > [Insert Row].
T
o delete all Statistics Editor contents
On the Statistics Editor, perform the following operation:
– [Edit] >
[Delete All].
Sorting Data
Y
ou can sort Statistics Editor data in ascending or descending order on its
x, y, or Freq-column values.
Important!
• Note that after you change the data sort sequence, you will not be able to return it to
its original sequence.
59
Example 2: T
o sort the data input in Example 1 (page 58) in ascending
order on the x column, and then in descending order on the y column
1. Use the procedure in Example 1 to input the data.
2. Sort the data in ascending order on the x column.
– [Sort] > [x Ascending]
3. Sort the data in descending order on the y column.
– [Sort] > [y Descending]
Displaying Statistical Calculation Results
Displaying Single-V
ariable Statistical Calculation Results
The 1-Var Results screen shows a list of various statistical values (such
as mean and population standard deviation) calculated based on single-
variable data. This section describes the operation required to display the
1-Var Results screen.
Example 3: To input the data below and display single-variable statistical
calculation results
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Freq 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 4 2 1
1. Press
, select the Statistics app icon, and then press .
2. Select [1-V
ariable], and then press
.
• This displays the Statistics Editor.
3. Press and then select [Frequency] > [On].
• Press to return to the Statistics Editor.
4. Input data into the x-column.
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5. Input data into the Freq column.
60
2 2 2 2 3 4 2
6. Press .
7. Select [1-Var Results], and then press .
• This displays the 1-Var Results screen.
(or )
• For the meanings of the variables shown on the 1-Var Results
screen, see the "List of Statistical V
alue Variables and Statistical
Calculation Functions" (page 67).
8. Press
or to return to the Statistics Editor.
Displaying Paired-V
ariable Statistical Calculation Results
The 2-Var Results screen shows a list of various statistical values (such
as mean and population standard deviation) calculated based on paired-
variable data. This section describes the operation required to display the
2-Var Results screen.
Example 4: To input the data below and display paired-variable statistical
calculation results
x
1.0 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.0
y
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0
1. Press
, select the Statistics app icon, and then press .
2. Select [2-V
ariable], and then press
.
• This displays the Statistics Editor.
3. Input data into the x-column.
1
1 2 1 5 1 6 1 9
2 1 2 4 2 5 2 7 3
61
4. Input data into the y-column.
1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4
1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 2
5. Press .
6. Select [2-Var Results], and then press .
• This displays the 2-Var Results screen.
(or )
(or )
(or )
• For the meanings of the variables shown on the 2-Var Results
screen, see the "List of Statistical Value Variables and Statistical
Calculation Functions" (page 67).
7. Press or to return to the Statistics Editor.
Displaying Regression Calculation Results
The Reg Results screen displays a list of regression calculation results
(coefficients of regression equations) based on paired-variable data. This
section describes the operation required to display the Reg Results
screen.
Example 5: To use the paired-variable data input in Example 4 (page 61)
and display the results of the two regression calculations shown below
62
• The regression equation "y = a + bx" coef
ficients (a, b), and the
correlation coefficient (r) when linear regression is performed on the
data
• The regression equation "y = a + bx + cx
2
" coefficients (a, b, c) when
quadratic regression is performed on the data
Note
• For information about regression calculation types supported by the Statistics app, see
the "Supported Regression T
ype List" (page 63).
1. Perform steps 1 through 5 of the procedure under Example 4 (page
61).
2. Select [Reg Results], and then press
.
• This displays the regression type menu.
3. Select [y=a+bx], and then press .
• This displays the linear regression Reg Results screen.
4. Press or to return to the Statistics Editor.
5. Press , and then select [Reg Results] > [y=a+bx+cx
2
].
• This displays quadratic regression Reg Results screen.
6. Press or to return to the Statistics Editor.
• For the meanings of the variables shown on the Reg Results
screen, see the "List of Statistical V
alue Variables and Statistical
Calculation Functions" (page 67).
Supported Regression Type List
Regression Type
Regression Equation
(regression type menu item)
Linear Regression
y = a + bx
63
Quadratic Regression
y = a + bx + cx
2
Logarithmic Regression
y
= a + b･ln(x)
e
exponential Regression y = a･e^(bx)
ab exponential Regression y
= a･b^x
Power Regression
y
= a･x^b
Inverse Regression
y
= a + b/x
Using Statistical Calculation Screen
Y
ou can use the statistical calculation screen to recall individual statistical
values and use the values in calculations.
Screen without calculation expression input
Example calculation
T
o recall a statistical value, use a variable representing the statistical
value you want to recall (for example, x mean:
x, x population standard
deviation:
σ
x
, x maximum value: max(x), and so on). For more information
about these variables, see the "List of Statistical V
alue Variables and
Statistical Calculation Functions" (page 67).
Displaying a Statistical Calculation Screen
Single-variable
1. While the Statistics Editor is displayed, press
.
2. On the menu that appears, select [Statistics Calc] and then press .
64
Paired-variable
1. While the Statistics Editor is displayed, press .
2. On the menu that appears, select [Statistics Calc] and then press .
• This displays the regression type menu (see the "Supported
Regression T
ype List" (page 63)).
3. On the menu, select the regression type you want and then press .
• In the example above, use the displayed menu to select [y=a+bx]
(Linear regression).
T
o return to the Statistics Editor from a statistical calculation screen
Press
, and then .
Calculation Example Using the Statistical Calculation Screen
Example 6: To determine the sum of the sample data (Σx) and mean (x) of
the single-variable data input in Example 3 (page 60)
1. Perform steps 1 through 6 of the procedure under Example 3 (page
60).
2. Select [Statistics Calc], and then press .
3. Calculate the sum of the sample data (Σx).
– [Statistics] > [Summation] > [Σx]
4. Calculate the mean (x).
– [Statistics] >
[Mean/V
ar/Dev
...
] > [
x]
65
Note
• To display the 1-Var Results screen from the statistical calculation screen above, press
and then select [1-Var Results]. To return to the statistical calculation screen from
the 1-V
ar Results screen, press
or .
Example 7: T
o determine the coefficients (a, b) and correlation coefficient
(r) of the linear regression equation "y = a + bx" based on the paired-
variable data input in Example 4 (page 61)
1. Perform steps 1 through 5 of the procedure under Example 4 (page
61).
2. Select [Statistics Calc], and then press
.
• This displays the regression type menu.
3. Select [y=a+bx], and then press .
4. Determine the coefficients (a, b) and correlation coef
ficient (r) of the
regression equation "y = a + bx".
– [Statistics] > [Regression] > [a]
– [Statistics] > [Regression] > [b]
– [Statistics] > [Regression] > [r]
• To select a different regression type, press and then select [Select
Reg T
ype]. This displays the regression type menu from step 2.
To display the 2-Var Results screen from a statistical calculation
screen
Press
and then select [2-Var Results].
66
To display the Reg Results screen from a statistical calculation
screen
Press and then select [Reg Results].
List of Statistical V
alue Variables and Statistical Calculation
Functions
You can use the CATALOG menu to recall variables representing
statistical values and functions used for statistical calculations.
Note
• For single-variable statistical calculations, the variables marked with an asterisk (*) are
available.
• For the calculation formula used for each variable and command, see "Statistical
Calculation Formula"
(page 70).
– [Statistics] > [Summation]
Σx*, Σy ...... sum of the sample data
Σx
2
*, Σy
2
...... sum of squares of the sample data
Σxy ...... sum of products of the x-data and y-data
Σx
3
...... sum of cubes of the x-data
Σx
2
y ...... sum of (x-data squares × y-data)
Σx
4
...... sum of biquadrate of the x-data
– [Statistics] > [Mean/Var/Dev
...
]
x*, y ...... mean
σ
2
x
*, σ
2
y
...... population variance
σ
x
*, σ
y
...... population standard deviation
s
2
x
*, s
2
y
...... sample variance
s
x
*, s
y
...... sample standard deviation
n* ...... number of items
– [Statistics] > [Min/Max] (Single-V
ariable Data Only)
min(x)* ...... minimum value
max(x)* ...... maximum value
– [Statistics] > [Min/Max] (Paired-V
ariable Data Only)
min(x), min(y) ...... minimum value
max(x), max(y) ...... maximum value
– [Statistics] > [Regression] (Paired-V
ariable Data Only)
For quadratic regression
a, b, c ...... regression coefficients for quadratic regression
67
xˆ
1
, xˆ
2
...... Functions for determining x
1
and x
2
estimated values for an
input y-value. For the argument, input the value of y immediately before
the xˆ
1
or xˆ
2
function.
yˆ ...... Function for determining the y estimated value for an input x-
value. For the argument, input the value of x
immediately before this
function.
For non-quadratic regression
a, b ...... regression coefficients
r ...... correlation coefficient
xˆ ...... Function for determining x estimated value for an input y-value.
For the argument, input the value of y immediately before this function.
yˆ ...... Function for determining the y estimated value for an input x-
value. For the argument, input the value of x
immediately before this
function.
For an example of the operation to determine estimated values, see
"Calculating Estimated Values (Paired-Variable Data Only)" (page
69).
Performing Normal Distribution Calculations (Single-Variable
Data Only)
While single-variable statistical calculation is selected, you can perform
normal distribution calculation using the functions shown below from the
menu that appears when you press
and then select [Statistics] > [Norm
Dist].
P(, Q(, R( ... These functions take the argument t and determine a
probability of standard normal distribution as illustrated below
.
t ...... This function is preceded by the argument x. It calculates the
standard variate for data value x using the mean value (x) and population
standard deviation (σ
x
) of data input with the Statistics Editor.
Example 8: For the single-variable data input in Example 3 (page 60),
determine the normalized variate when x = 2, and P(t) at that point.
1. Perform steps 1 through 6 of the procedure under Example 3 (page
60).
2. Select [Statistics Calc], and then press .
68
3. Calculate the normalized variate when x = 2.
2
– [Statistics] > [Norm Dist] > [ t]
4. Calculate P(t).
– [Statistics] > [Norm Dist] > [P(]
Calculating Estimated Values (Paired-Variable Data Only)
Based on the regression equation obtained by paired-variable statistical
calculation, the estimated value of y can be calculated for a given x-value.
The corresponding x-value (two values, x
1
and x
2
, in the case of quadratic
regression) also can be calculated for a value of y
in the regression
equation.
Example 9: To determine the estimated value for y when x = 5.5 in the
regression equation produced by linear regression of the data input in
Example 4 (page 61)
1. Perform steps 1 through 5 of the procedure under Example 4 (page
61).
2. Select [Statistics Calc], and then press
.
• This displays the regression type menu.
3. Select [y=a+bx], and then press .
4. Input the x-value (5.5), and then input "y
ˆ
", which is the function to
determine the estimated value of y.
69
5 5
– [Statistics] > [Regression] > [yˆ]
5. Press .
Statistical Calculation Formula
Single-V
ariable Statistical Calculation Formula
Paired-Variable Statistical Calculation Formula
Regression Calculation Formula
Linear Regression (y
= a + bx)
70
Quadratic Regression (y = a + bx + cx
2
)
Logarithmic Regression (y = a + b･ln(x))
e Exponential Regression (y = a･e^(bx))
71
ab Exponential Regression (y
= a･b^x)
Power Regression (y = a･x^b)
Inverse Regression (y = a + b/x)
72
Using Spreadsheet
The Spreadsheet app makes it possible to perform calculations using a
45-row × 5-column (cell A1 to E45) spreadsheet.
T
o perform the operations in this section, first launch the Spreadsheet
app. Press
, select the Spreadsheet app icon, and then press . This
displays the spreadsheet screen.
(1) Row numbers (1 to 45)
(2) Column letters (A to E)
(3) Cursor: Indicates the currently selected cell. The row number and
column letter of the currently selected cell are displayed in black, and
the other cell row numbers and column letters are displayed in dark
gray
.
(4) Edit box: Shows the contents of the cell where the cursor is currently
located.
Important!
• Any time you change the calculator app, turn off the calculator or press the
key,
every input into the spreadsheet is cleared.
Inputting and Editing Cell Contents
You can input a constant or a formula into each cell.
Constants: A constant is something whose value is fixed as soon as you
finalize its input. A constant can be either a numeric value, or a calculation
expression (such as 7+3, sin30, A1×2, etc.) that does not have an equal
sign (=) in front of it.
Formulas: A formula that starts with an equal sign (=), such as =A1×2, is
executed as it is written.
Note
• A maximum of 49 bytes can be input into a cell (number of bytes before the input is
confirmed by pressing
) that is being edited. How the number of bytes is counted is
shown below
.
- Numerals, variables, symbols: 1 byte per character
73
- Commands, functions: 1 byte each
Each entire command or function is counted as one byte. For example, the following
are one byte: "√ (", "Sum(".
• The number of bytes consumed after the input is confirmed is as shown below,
according to the contents entered in each cell.
- Constants: 14 bytes, regardless of the number of input digits*
- Formulas: Number of input bytes (49 bytes maximum) + 15 bytes
* If you enter a constant with 1
1 or more significant digits, the value will be converted
to 10 significant digits when the input is confirmed.
Example: If you input 12345678915 (11 digits), the value will be converted to
1.234567892 x 10
10
(10 digits).
To display the remaining input capacity
Press
, select [Available Memory], and then press .
Inputting a Constant and Formula into a Cell
Example 1: Into cells A1, A2, and A3, input constants 7×5, 7×6, and A2+7
respectively
. And then, input the following formula into cell B1: =A1+7.
1. Move the cursor to cell A1.
2. Perform the key operation below.
7
5 7 6 (A) 7
3. Move the cursor to cell B1, and then perform the key operation below.
– [Spreadsheet] > [=]
(A) 7
Note
• On the spreadsheet screen, you can store the value in a cell to a variable. For
example, performing the following operation while the screen in step 3 is displayed will
store 42 (calculation result of the formula input into cell B1) to variable A: –
[A=] > [Store]. For details about variables, see "V
ariables (A, B, C, D, E, F, x, y, z)"
(page 36).
• You can specify whether a formula in the edit box should be displayed as it is or as its
calculation result value. See "Spreadsheet App Setting Items" (page 79).
T
o edit existing cell data
1. Move the cursor to the cell whose contents you want to edit, and then
press
.
74
• Instead of pressing , you can also perform the operation below.
– [Edit Cell]
• Cell contents in the edit box will change from align right to align left. A
text cursor (|) will appear in the edit box so you can edit its contents.
2. Use and to move the text cursor around the contents of the cell,
and edit them as required.
3. T
o finalize and apply your edits, press
.
T
o input a cell reference name using the Grab command
The Grab command can be used in place of manual reference name (such
as A1) input using a key operation to select and input a cell you want to
reference.
Example 2: Continuing from Example 1, input the following formula into
cell B2: =A2+7.
1. Move the cursor to cell B2.
2. Perform the operation below.
– [Spreadsheet] > [=]
– [Spreadsheet] > [Grab]
7
Cell Relative and Absolute References
There are two types of cell reference: relative and absolute.
Relative cell reference
The cell reference (A1) in a formula like =A1+7 is a relative reference,
which means that it changes depending on the cell where the formula is
located. If the formula =A1+7 is originally located in cell B1, for example,
copying and then pasting to cell C3 will result in =B3+7 being input into
cell C3. Since the copy and paste operation moves the formula one
column (B to C) and two rows (1 to 3) the A1 relative cell reference
in the formula is moved one column and two rows to B3. If the result
of a copy and paste operation causes a relative cell reference name to
change to something that is outside the range of the spreadsheet cells, the
applicable column letter and/or row number will be replaced by a question
mark (?), and "ERROR" will be displayed as the cell’
s data.
75
Absolute cell reference
If you want the row or the column, or both the row and the column parts
of a cell reference name to remain the same no matter where you paste
them, you need to create an absolute cell reference name. To create
an absolute cell reference, put a dollar sign ( ) in front of the column
name and/or row number
. You can use one of three different absolute cell
references: absolute column with relative row (
A1), relative column with
absolute row (A 1), or absolute row and column ( A 1).
T
o input the absolute cell reference symbol (
)
While inputting a formula into a cell, press and then select
[Spreadsheet] > [ ].
T
o cut and paste spreadsheet data
1. Move the cursor to the cell whose data you want to cut.
2. Press
, select [Cut & Paste], and then press .
• This enters paste standby. To cancel paste standby, press or .
3. Move the cursor to the cell into which you want to paste the data you
just cut, and then press .
• Pasting data simultaneously deletes the data from the cell where you
performed the cut operation, and automatically cancels paste standby
.
Note
• In the case of a cut and paste operation, cell references do not change when pasted,
regardless of whether they are relative or absolute.
T
o copy and paste spreadsheet data
1. Move the cursor to the cell whose data you want to copy.
2. Press
, select [Copy & Paste], and then press .
• This causes "Paste:[OK]" to appear at the bottom of the screen. You
can continue to paste while this message is displayed.
3. Move the cursor to the cell into which you want to paste the data you
just copied.
4. Press .
• The contents of the cell you copied are pasted and the cursor moves
down to the next cell.
5. If you want to paste the same contents to another cell, repeat steps 3
and 4.
• If you want to continue pasting to the cell to which the cursor has
been moved, just repeat the operation in step 4.
76
6. To end the paste operation, press or .
Note
• When you copy the contents of a cell containing a formula with a relative reference,
the relative reference will change in accordance with the location of the cell where the
contents are pasted.
T
o delete input data from a specific cell
Move the cursor to the cell whose contents you want to delete and then
press
.
T
o delete the contents of all the cells in a spreadsheet
Press
, select [Delete All], and then press .
Using Spreadsheet App Special Commands
In the Spreadsheet app, the commands below can be used inside
formulas or constants. These commands are on the menu that appears
when you press and then select [Spreadsheet].
Min(
Returns the minimum of the values in a specified range of cells.
Syntax: Min(start cell:end cell)
Max(
Returns the maximum of the values in a specified range of cells.
Syntax: Max(start cell:end cell)
Mean(
Returns the mean of the values in a specified range of cells.
Syntax: Mean(start cell:end cell)
Sum(
Returns the sum of the values in a specified range of cells.
Syntax: Sum(start cell:end cell)
Example 3: Continuing from Example 1, input the formula =Sum(A1:A3),
which calculates the sum of cells A1, A2, and A3, into cell A4.
1. Move the cursor to cell A4.
2. Input =Sum(A1:A3).
77
– [Spreadsheet] > [=]
– [Spreadsheet] > [Sum]
(A)
– [Spreadsheet] > [:]
(A)
3. Press .
Batch Inputting the Same Formula or Constant into
Multiple Cells
You can use the procedures in this section to input the same formula or
constant into a specific series of cells. Use the Fill Formula command to
batch input a formula, or Fill V
alue to batch input a constant.
Note
• If the input formula or constant includes a relative reference, the relative reference
will be input in accordance with the upper-left cell of the specified range. If the input
formula or constant includes an absolute reference, the absolute reference will be
input into all of the cells in the specified range.
T
o batch input the same formula into a series of cells
Example 4:
Continuing from Example 1, batch input into cells B1, B2,
and B3 a formula that doubles the value of the cell to the left and then
subtracts 3.
1. Move the cursor to cell B1.
2. Press
, select [Fill Formula], and then press .
• This displays a Fill Formula screen.
3. In the "Form" line, input the formula =2A1−3: 2 (A) 3 .
• Input of the equals symbol (=) at the beginning is not required.
4. In the "Range" line, specify B1:B3 as the range of the batch input.
5. To apply the input, press .
• This inputs =2A1−3 into cell B1, =2A2−3 into cell B2, and =2A3−3 into
cell B3.
78
To batch input the same constant into a series of cells
Example 5: Continuing from Example 4, batch input into cells C1, C2, and
C3 values that are triple the values in the cells to their left.
1. Move the cursor to cell C1.
2. Press
, select [Fill Value], and then press .
• This displays a Fill Value screen.
3. In the "V
alue" line, input the constant B1×3:
(B) 3 .
4. In the "Range" line, specify C1:C3 as the range of the batch input.
5. To apply the input, press .
• This inputs the values of each calculation result into cells C1, C2, and
C3.
Spreadsheet App Setting Items
The setting items below are included on the T
OOLS menu.
"◆" indicates the initial default setting.
Auto Calc
Specifies whether or not formulas should be re-calculated automatically.
On
◆
: Enables auto re-calculation.
Of
f: Disables auto re-calculation.
Show Cell
Specifies whether a formula in the edit box should be displayed as it is or
as its calculation result value.
Formula
◆
: Displays the formula as it is.
V
alue: Displays the calculation result value of the formula.
79
Auto Calc and Recalculate
"Auto Calc" is a setting item on the T
OOLS menu (see "Spreadsheet App
Setting Items" (page 79)).
With the Spreadsheet app’s initial default setting (Auto Calc: On), formulas
in a cell are automatically re-calculated each time the cell contents are
edited. Depending on the content of the spreadsheet, auto re-calculation
can take a long time to complete. When Auto Calc is disabled (Off), you
need to execute re-calculation manually as required.
To execute re-calculation manually
Press
, select [Recalculate], and then press .
Note
• Even if the Auto Calc setting is On, you should execute [Recalculate] in the cases
below
.
- When the SETTINGS menu is used to change the Angle Unit setting
- When a cell contains a formula using a variable and the corresponding variable is
updated
Equation Calculations
The Equation app includes the two functions described below. After
starting up the app, you can use the Equation menu that appears to select
the function you want.
Simul Equation: Simultaneous linear equations with two to four unknowns
Polynomial:
High-order equations from 2nd to 4th degree
Simultaneous Linear Equations
Here, we explain the general procedure for solving a simultaneous
equation with an example that solves a simultaneous linear equation with
three unknowns.
Example 1:
1. Press , select the Equation app icon, and then press .
80
• This displays the Equation menu.
2. Select [Simul Equation], and then press .
• This displays the number of unknowns menu.
3. Select [3 Unknowns], and then press .
• This displays the Coefficient Editor.
4. Use the Coefficient Editor to input coefficient values.
1
((-))1 1 2
1 1 ((-))1 0
((-))1 1 1 4
• Pressing while the Coefficient Editor is displayed will clear all of
the coef
ficients to zero.
5. Press
.
• This will display a solution.
• While the indicator is displayed, each press of (or ) will
display another solution.
(or )
(or )
• Pressing
or while the indicator is displayed causes the
previously displayed solution to reappear
.
81
• Pressing while the final solution is displayed returns to the
Coef
ficient Editor. To return to the Coefficient Editor while any solution
is displayed, press
.
• Pressing while the Coefficient Editor is displayed returns to the
number of unknowns menu.
Note
• While the Coefficient Editor is displayed, you can store the currently highlighted value
to a variable. Also, while the solution is being displayed, the currently displayed
solution can be stored to a variable. For details about variables, see "V
ariables (A, B,
C, D, E, F, x, y, z)" (page 36).
High-order Equations from 2nd to 4th Degree
When you solve a high-order equation with the Equation app, the values
below are displayed according to the degree of the equation.
• Quadratic Equation
The solution of ax
2
+bx+c=0 is displayed.
• Cubic Equation
The solution of ax
3
+bx
2
+cx+d=0 is displayed.
• Quartic Equation
The solution of ax
4
+bx
3
+cx
2
+dx+e=0 is displayed.
Here we will show an example of a quadratic equation to explain the
general procedure for solving a high-order equation.
Example 2: x
2
+ 2x − 2 = 0
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO)
1. Press
, select the Equation app icon, and then press .
• This displays the Equation menu.
2. Select [Polynomial], and then press .
• This displays the number of degrees menu.
3. Select [ax
2
+bx+c=0], and then press .
• This displays the Coefficient Editor.
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4. Use the Coefficient Editor to input coefficient values.
1 2 ((-))2
• Pressing while the Coefficient Editor is displayed will clear all of
the coef
ficients to zero.
5. Press
.
• This will display a solution.
• While the indicator is displayed, each press of (or ) will
display another solution.
(or )
• Pressing or while the indicator is displayed causes the
previously displayed calculation result to appear again.
• Pressing while the final calculation result is displayed returns to
the Coef
ficient Editor. To return to the Coefficient Editor while any
calculation result is displayed, press
.
• Pressing while the Coefficient Editor is displayed returns to the
number of degrees menu.
Note
• While the Coefficient Editor is displayed, you can store the currently highlighted value
to a variable. Also, while a calculation result (solution or coordinate) is displayed, it can
be stored to a variable. For details about variables, see "V
ariables (A, B, C, D, E, F, x,
y, z)" (page 36).
Complex Number Solution Display (Complex Roots)
High-order equations may have complex number solutions. When
Polynomial is selected on the Equation menu, you can use the operations
below to enable or disable complex number solution display.
83
– [Complex Roots] > [On]
Enables complex number solution display (initial default setting).
– [Complex Roots] > [Off]
Disables complex number solution display. Inputting and executing an
equation that has one or more complex number solutions only will
cause the message "No Real Roots" to appear
.
Example 3: 2x
2
+ 3x + 4 = 0
(Input/Output: MathI/MathO, Complex Result: a+bi, Complex Roots: On)
1. Press
, select the Equation app icon, and then press .
• This displays the Equation menu.
2. Select [Polynomial] > [ax
2
+bx+c=0].
• This displays the Coefficient Editor.
3. Use the Coefficient Editor to input coefficient values.
2 3 4
4. Press .
• This will display a solution.
5. Display another solution.
(or )
• Pressing while the final calculation result is displayed returns to
the Coef
ficient Editor. To return to the Coefficient Editor while any
calculation result is displayed, press
.
84
Converting a Complex Number Solution to Rectangular or
Polar Coordinates
You can use the FORMAT menu that appears when you press ( )
to convert a complex number solution to rectangular coordinate or polar
coordinate format.
Example 4: T
o convert the complex number solution displayed in
Example 3 (page 83) to polar coordinate format and then to rectangular
coordinate format
1. Perform steps 1 to 4 of Example 3 (page 83).
2. Press ( ), select [Polar Coord], and then press .
• This converts the solution to polar coordinate format.
3. Press ( ), select [Rectangular Coord], and then press .
• This converts the solution to rectangular coordinate format.
Base-n
Calculations
When you want to perform calculations using decimal, hexadecimal,
binary, and/or octal values, launch the Base-N app. Press
, select the
Base-N app icon, and then press . The initial default number mode
setting when you launch the Base-N app is decimal.
After launching the Base-N app, use to switch number modes.
Each press of cycles through the number modes as shown below.
85
(1) [Decimal] (2) [Hexadecimal] (3) [Binary] (4) [Octal]
Note
• The subscripts appended to the values shown in the examples indicate the base
(number mode) of each value.
Example: 1
2
... Binary 1; 1
16
... Hexadecimal 1
Example 1: T
o calculate 11
2
+ 1
2
1. Use
to change the number mode to [Binary].
2. Perform the calculation 1
1
2
+ 1
2
.
11
1
Example 2: To calculate 1F
16
+ 1
16
in hexadecimal
1. Use to change the number mode to [Hexadecimal].
2. Perform the calculation 1F
16
+ 1
16
.
1 (F) 1
Note
• Use the following keys to input the letters A through F for hexadecimal values:
(A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F). You can also input
hexadecimal values using the CA
TALOG menu items shown below.
– [Hex Value] > [A], [B], [C], [D], [E], or [F]
• Note that if you input any character from A through F using the operation below, the
character will be treated as a variable name, and not as a hexadecimal value.
(1) Press to display the variable list screen.
(2) Select [A=], [B=], [C=], [D=], [E=], or [F=], and then press .
(3) On the menu that appears, select [Recall].
• In the Base-N app, input of fractional (decimal) values and exponents is not supported.
If a calculation result has a fractional part, it is cut of
f.
• Details about input and output ranges (32 bits) are shown below.•
Base Range
Binary
Positive: 00000000000000000000000000000000 ≤ x ≤
01111111111111111111111111111111
Negative: 10000000000000000000000000000000 ≤ x ≤
11111111111111111111111111111111
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Octal
Positive: 00000000000 ≤ x ≤ 17777777777
Negative: 20000000000
≤ x ≤ 37777777777
Decimal
-2147483648 ≤ x ≤ 2147483647
Hexadecimal
Positive: 00000000 ≤ x ≤
7FFFFFFF
Negative: 80000000 ≤ x ≤ FFFFFFFF
• A Math ERROR occurs when a calculation result is outside the applicable range for
the number system being used.
Specifying the Number Mode of a Particular Input
V
alue
You can input a special command immediately before a value to specify
the number mode of that value. The special commands are: d (decimal), h
(hexadecimal), b (binary), and o (octal).
Example 3: To calculate 10
10
+ 10
16
+ 10
2
+ 10
8
and display the result as
a decimal value
1. Use
to change the number mode to [Decimal].
2. Perform the calculation 10
10
+ 10
16
+ 10
2
+ 10
8
.
– [Base Prefix] > [Decimal(d)] 10
– [Base Prefix] > [Hexadecimal(h)] 10
– [Base Prefix] > [Binary(b)] 10
– [Base Prefix] > [Octal(o)] 10
Converting a Calculation Result to Another Type of
V
alue
You can use
to convert the currently displayed calculation result to
another type of value.
Example 4: T
o calculate 15
10
× 37
10
in the decimal mode, and then
convert the result to hexadecimal
1. Use
to change the number mode to [Decimal].
2. Perform the calculation 15
10
× 37
10
.
15 37
3. Use to change the number mode to [Hexadecimal].
87
Logical and Negation Operations
Logical and negation operations are performed by pressing and
selecting [Logic Operation], and then selecting the desired command
(Neg, Not, and, or
, xor, xnor) from the menu that appears. All of the
examples below are performed in the binary mode.
Example 5: To determine the logical AND of 1010
2
and 1100
2
(1010
2
and
1100
2
)
1010
– [Logic Operation] > [and]
1
100
Example 6: To determine the bitwise complement of 1010
2
(Not(1010
2
))
– [Logic Operation] > [Not]
1010
Note
• In the case of a negative binary, octal or hexadecimal value, the calculator converts
the value to binary
, takes the two’s complement, and then converts back to the original
number base. For decimal values, the calculator merely adds a minus sign.
88
Technical Information
Errors
The calculator will display an error message whenever an error occurs for
any reason during a calculation.
Displaying the Location of an Error
While an error message is displayed, pressing , , or returns
to the screen that was displayed immediately before the error message
appeared. The cursor will be positioned at the location where the
error occurred, ready for input. Make the necessary corrections to the
calculation and execute it again.
Example: When you input 14 ÷ 0 × 2 by mistake instead of 14 ÷ 10 × 2.
14 0 2
(or or )
1
Error Messages
Syntax ERROR
Cause:
• There is a problem with the format of the calculation you are
performing.
Action:
• Make necessary corrections.
Math ERROR
Cause:
• The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing
exceeds the allowable calculation range.
89
• Your input exceeds the allowable input range (particularly when using
functions).
• The calculation you are performing contains an illegal mathematical
operation (such as division by zero).
Action:
• Check the input values, reduce the number of digits, and try again.
• When using a variable as the argument of a function, make sure that
the variable value is within the allowable range for the function.
Stack ERROR
Cause:
• The calculation you are performing has caused the capacity of the
numeric stack or the command stack to be exceeded.
Action:
• Simplify the calculation expression so it does not exceed the capacity
of the stack.
• Try splitting the calculation into two or more parts.
Argument ERROR
Cause:
• There is a problem with the argument of the calculation you are
performing.
Action:
• Make necessary corrections.
Range ERROR (Spreadsheet app only)
Cause:
• During batch input in the Spreadsheet app, input for Range is outside
the allowable range or is a cell name that does not exist.
Action:
• For Range, input a cell name within the range of A1 through E45,
using the syntax: "A1:A1".
Circular ERROR (Spreadsheet app only)
Cause:
• There is a circular reference (such as "=A1" in cell A1) in the
spreadsheet.
90
Action:
• Change cell contents to remove the circular references.
Memory ERROR (Spreadsheet app only)
Cause:
• You are attempting to input data that exceeds the allowable input
capacity (2,380 bytes).
• You are attempting to input data that results in a chain of consecutive
cell references (such as cell A2 referenced from cell A1, cell A3
referenced from cell A2…, etc.) This type of input always causes this
error to be generated, even if memory capacity (2,380 bytes) is not
exceeded.
Action:
• Delete unneeded data and input data again.
• Minimize input that results in a chain of consecutive cell references.
Before Assuming Malfunction of the
Calculator
...
Note that you should make separate copies of important data before
performing these steps.
1. Check the calculation expression to make sure that it does not contain
any errors.
2. Make sure that you are using the correct calculator app for the type of
calculation you are trying to perform.
• To check which calculator app you are currently using, press
. This
highlights the icon of the calculator app currently in use.
3. If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the key.
• This causes the calculator to perform a routine that checks whether
calculation functions are operating correctly
. If the calculator discovers
any abnormality, it automatically initializes the calculator app and
clears memory contents.
4. Return the calculator settings (except for Contrast and Auto Power Off)
to their initial default settings by performing the procedure below.
(1) Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
(2) Press , and then select [Reset] > [Settings & Data] > [Yes].
91
Replacing the Battery
If the screen shown below appears right after you turn on power
, it means
that remaining battery power is low.
A low battery is also indicated by a dim display, even if contrast is
adjusted, or by failure of figures to appear on the display immediately after
you turn on the calculator
.
If this happens or the above screen appears, replace the battery with a
new one.
Important!
• Removing the battery causes all of the calculator’s memory contents to be cleared.
1. Press
(OFF) to turn off the calculator.
• To ensure that you do not accidentally turn on power while replacing
the battery
, attach the front cover to the front of the calculator.
2. As shown in the illustration, remove the battery cover, remove the
battery, and then load a new battery with its plus (+) and minus (−)
ends facing correctly.
3. Replace the battery cover.
4. Press to turn on the calculator.
5. Initialize the calculator
.
(1) Press
, select a calculator app icon, and then press .
(2) Press , and then select [Reset] > [Initialize All] > [Yes].
92
• Do not skip the above steps!
Calculation Priority Sequence
The calculator performs calculations according to a calculation priority
sequence.
• Basically, calculations are performed from left to right.
• Expressions within parentheses have the highest priority.
• The following shows the priority sequence for each individual command.
1 Parenthetical expressions
2
Functions that have parentheses (sin(, log(, etc., functions
that take an argument to the right, functions that require a
closing parenthesis after the argument)
3
Functions that come after the input value (x
2
, x
-1
, x!, °’ ”, °,
r
,
g
, %,
t), powers ( ), roots ( )
4 Fractions
5 Negative sign ((-)), Base Prefix (d, h, b, o)
6
Statistics app estimated values (xˆ, yˆ, xˆ
1
, xˆ
2
)
7 Multiplication where the multiplication sign is omitted
8
Permutation (nPr), combination (nCr)
9 Multiplication (×), division (÷)
10 Addition (+), subtraction (−)
11 and (logical operator)
12 or, xor, xnor (logical operators)
Precautions when a calculation contains negative values
If a calculation contains a negative value, you may need to enclose
the negative value in parentheses. If you want to square the value -2,
for example, you need to input: (-2)
2
. This is because x
2
is a function
93
preceded by a value (Priority 3, above), whose priority is greater than the
negative sign, which is a prefix symbol (Priority 5).
Example:
((-))2 -2
2
= -4
((-))2 (-2)
2
= 4
Precautions when using the key in a calculation
Pressing inputs the function , which takes arguments before and
after it with the form a
n
(n is an integer) and returns the result of 10
n
multiplied by a.
Example:
100 2 2
When you input the function within a calculation, executing
the calculation automatically inserts parentheses as shown in the
above example. Note, however, that parentheses will not be inserted
automatically if you input the sexagesimal symbol ( ) immediately after
.
1 2 ( )2 2 ( )
3 2 ( )
Calculation Ranges, Number of
Digits, and Precision
The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and
calculation precision depend on the type of calculation you are performing.
Calculation Range and Precision
Calculation Range ±1 × 10
-99
to ±9.999999999 × 10
99
or 0
Number of Digits for
Internal Calculation
23 digits
94
Precision
In general, ±1 at the 10th digit for a single
calculation. Precision for exponential
display is ±1 at the least significant digit.
Errors are cumulative in the case of
consecutive calculations.
Function Calculation Input Ranges and Precision
Functions Input Range
sinx
cosx
Degree
0 ≤ |x| < 9 × 10
9
Radian
0 ≤ |x| < 157079632.7
Gradian
0 ≤ |x| < 1 × 10
10
tanx
Degree
Same as sinx, except when
|x| = (2n − 1) × 90.
Radian
Same as sinx, except when
|x| = (2n − 1) × π/2.
Gradian
Same as sinx, except when
|x| = (2n − 1) × 100.
sin
-1
x, cos
-1
x 0 ≤ |x|
≤ 1
tan
-1
x 0 ≤ |x|
≤ 9.999999999 × 10
99
sinhx, coshx 0 ≤ |x| ≤
230.2585092
sinh
-1
x 0 ≤ |x|
≤ 4.999999999 × 10
99
cosh
-1
x 1 ≤ x ≤ 4.999999999 × 10
99
tanhx 0 ≤ |x| ≤
9.999999999 × 10
99
tanh
-1
x 0 ≤ |x|
≤ 9.999999999 × 10
-1
logx, lnx 0 < x ≤ 9.999999999 × 10
99
10
x
-9.999999999 × 10
99
≤ x ≤ 99.99999999
√
x 0 ≤ x < 1 × 10
100
95
x
2
|x| < 1 × 10
50
x
-1
|x| < 1 × 10
100
; x ≠ 0
x! 0 ≤ x ≤
69 (x is an integer)
nPr
0 ≤ n < 1 × 10
10
, 0 ≤ r ≤ n (n, r are integers)
1 ≤ {n!/(n − r)!} < 1 × 10
100
nCr
0 ≤ n < 1 × 10
10
, 0 ≤ r ≤
n (n, r are integers)
1 ≤ n!/r! < 1 × 10
100
or 1 ≤ n!/(n
− r)! < 1 × 10
100
Pol(x, y)
|x|, |y| ≤ 9.999999999 × 10
99
√
x
2
+ y
2
≤ 9.999999999 × 10
99
Rec(r, θ)
0 ≤ r ≤ 9.999999999 × 10
99
θ: Same as sinx
a°b’c”
|a|, b, c < 1 × 10
100
; 0 ≤ b, c
The display seconds value is subject to an error
of ±1 at the second decimal place.
a°b’c” = x
0°0’0” ≤ |x| ≤
9999999°59’59”
A sexagesimal value outside of the above range
is automatically treated as a decimal value.
x
y
x > 0: -1 × 10
100
< ylogx
< 100
x = 0: y > 0
x < 0: y = n,
m
2n
+ 1
(m, n are integers)
However: -1 × 10
100
< ylog |x| < 100
x
√
y
y > 0: x ≠ 0, -1 × 10
100
< 1/x
logy < 100
y = 0: x > 0
y < 0: x = 2n + 1,
2n + 1
m
(m ≠ 0; m, n are integers)
However: -1 × 10
100
< 1/x log |y| < 100
a
b
/
c
Total of integer, numerator, and denominator
must be 10 digits or less (including separator
symbol).
RanInt#(a, b) a < b; |a|, |b| < 1 × 10
10
; b − a < 1 × 10
10
96
• Precision is basically the same as that described under "Calculation
Range and Precision" (page
94), above.
• x
y
,
x
√
y, x!, nPr, nCr type functions require consecutive internal calculation,
which can cause accumulation of errors that occur with each calculation.
• Error is cumulative and tends to be large in the vicinity of a function’s
singular point and inflection point.
Specifications
Power Requirements:
AAA-size battery R03 × 1
Approximate Battery Life:
2 years (based on one hour of operation per day)
Power Consumption:
0.0008 W
Operating Temperature:
0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
Dimensions:
13.8 (H) × 77 (W) × 162 (D) mm
9
/
16
” (H) × 3
1
/
16
” (W) × 6
3
/
8
” (D)
Approximate Weight:
100 g (3.5 oz) including the battery
97
Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
■ How can I change a fraction form result produced by a division
operation to decimal form?
→ While a fraction calculation result is displayed, press , or press
( ). For more information, see "T
oggling Calculation Results
between Fraction and Decimal" (page 39). To have calculation results
initially appear as decimal values, change the Input/Output setting on
the SETTINGS menu to MathI/DecimalO.
■ What is the difference between Ans memory and variable memory?
→ Each of these types of memory acts like "containers" for temporary
storage of a single value.
Ans Memory: Stores the result of the last calculation performed. Use
this memory to carry the result of one calculation on to the next.
Variables: This memory is helpful when you need to use the same
value multiple times in one or more calculations.
■ How can I find a function I was using with an older CASIO
calculator model on this calculator?
→ This calculator’s functions can be accessed from the CATALOG menu
that appears when you press
or the CATALOG list that appears
when you press ( ). For details, see the sections below.
"Using the CA
TALOG Menu and CATALOG List" (page 24)
"Advanced Calculations" (page 46)
■ With an older CASIO calculator model, I pressed
to change
the calculation result display format. What should I do with this
calculator?
→ Use to change the calculation result display format. For details, see
"Changing Calculation Result Format"
(page 39).
■ How can I find out which calculator app I am currently using?
→ Press
. This causes the icon of the calculator app you are currently
using to become highlighted.
■ How do I calculate sin
2
x
→ For example, to calculate sin
2
30 =
1
4
, enter the calculation below.
98
30
■ Why does the battery icon ( ) appear right after the calculator is
turned on?
→ The battery icon indicates that battery power is low. If you see this
icon, replace the battery as soon as possible. For details about battery
replacement, see "Replacing the Battery" (page 92).
■ How can I return the calculator to its initial default settings?
→ Perform the procedure below to initialize calculator settings (except for
Contrast and Auto Power Off).
(1) Press , select a calculator app icon, and then press .
(2) Press , and then select [Reset] > [Settings & Data] > [Yes].
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CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan
