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58
12V wiring
In this section, we will show the basic 12V and 24V connections for off-grid systems that use a
PWM- type controller. Please follow them thoroughly.
Caution!
The battery must first be wired to the charge controller before the solar
panel is connected to the charge controller.
6.1 Battery to charge controller
The battery(s) must first be connected to the charge controller before proceeding to any other
connections. Most PWM Controllers have automatic battery voltage detection, and the controller
must detect what voltage level it will be charging at.
Figure 6.1 Charge controller connected to a 12V battery
Before starting the connection, keep in mind the following:
The charge controller should be as close as possible to the batteries. This helps keep line
loss to a minimum level.
Remember to always use the recommended gauge size based on the PV system and
charge controller.
NEC maximum current for different copper wire sizes
AWG
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Max.
Current
10A
15A
20A
30A
55A
75A
95A
130A
170A
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