1
REV:201509.01
TECHNICAL MANUAL
2
GENERAL
The AX-M60 planetary mixer is an advance design, highly reliable professional food processing tool,
and is ideal for mixing all types of dough as well as eggs, cream, mayonnaise, etc.
There are 2 speeds and various style attachments which can be selected. They are made of alloy
aluminum to meet with hygiene standard.
This model mixers is equipped with powerful 3 HP motors and strong gear drive design. The gears are
made of heat-treated alloy steel and a harnessed steel worm wheel.
If your operation and maintenance are correct, then it will give you years of service, and obtain the best
using result.
INSTALLATION
UNPACKING
Immediately before unpacking mixer, check it for possible shipping damage. If you find the packaging
material or the machine is damaged before unpacking, contact the carrier within 3 days of delivery.
Prior to installation, test the electrical service to assure it agrees with the specifications on the machine
data place located on the backside of the pedestal.
LOCATION
Place the Mixer in a convenient location, and allow working space on the hand-wheel or power bowl lift
switch side. All maintenance can be handled from this side, the top and the front. Set the mixer level
and use shims if the floor is uneven, the machined edge on the top of the transmission case makes an
excellent surface for leveling.
INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND CARE
OF MODEL AX-M60P
3
Electrical Connections (Cord Connected Mixers)
· Before making the electrical connections, read the specifications on the nameplate to
make sure that they agree with those of your electric service.
· Electrical connections should be made by qualified technician or electrician, who will
observe all applicable Safety Codes and the
National Electrical Code.
· Be sure the planetary runs in the direction
shown by the arrow in the planetary head.
Reverse direction is forbidden.
· To start motor, push ON button. The speed
selector handle must be at one of the
numbers indicating a speed, not at an
intermediate position.
On a 3 Phase Mixer, the installer must check the
mixing rotation of the planetary when the
electrical is connected.
4
5
OPERATION
WARNING: MOVING PARTS,
BEATER OR HOOK IN BOWL; KEEP
HANDS, CLOTHING, AND UTENSILS
OUT WHILE IN OPERATION.
All models are furnished with two
buon-switches, which control
power to the mixer.
The GEAR SHIFT LEVER (No.3) is
used to change speed. Always stop
the mixer before changing speeds.
To change speeds, turn the switch
OFF, move the gearshi lever to
the desired speed, and turn the
switch back ON.
· Speed 1 (low) – This speed
is for heavy mixtures such
as bread dough, heavy
baers, and potatoes.
· Speed 2 (medium) – This speed is for light dough which
must rise quickly, heavy baers, and some whipping
operaons.
DOUGH HOOK:
To install the dough hook (No 5), the bowl must be installed and
fully lowered. Place the hook in the bowl, push it up on agitator
sha, and turn it clockwise to seat the sha pin in the slot of the
agitator shank.
It is frequently used for heavy bread dough, and preferable to be
use at low speed.
The moisture content of heavy dough is a crical when selecng
nd
proper mixing speed. You should never use 2 speed when
mixing heavy dough with an Absorpon Rao (AR) of 50% or
less.
BOWL – CAPACITY: 60 QUART
New mixers bowls and dough hook should be removed and thoroughly washed with hot water and mild soap
soluon, rinsed with either a mild soda or vinegar soluon, and thoroughly rinsed with clean water BEFORE
being put into service. This cleaning procedure should also be done daily or aer each use.
The bowl must be installed before the agitator. To install the bowl, fully lower the bowl support. Posion the
bowl so the alignment bracket on the back of the bowl is in the bowl retainer and the alignment pins on the
front of the bowl support fit in the holes on the sides of the bowl.
ATTACHMENTS
To install an aachment, loosen the thumbscrew on the aachment hub and remove the plug. Insert the
aachment into the aachment hub making certain that the square shank of the aachment is in the square
driver of the mixer. Secure the aachment by ghtening the thumbscrew.
Move the gearshi lever to the desired speed and star the mixer to operate the aachment.
The meat and food chopper aachment should be operated in second or third speed. If material in the cylinder
stalls the mixer, stop the mixer at once. DO NOT aempt to restart the mixer in a lower speed – remove the
adjusng ring, knife, plate, and worm and clear the obstrucon.
6
MAINTENANCE
NOTE: All maintenance work should be done only aer unit has been disconnected from electrical power
and grounding.
CLEANING
Never use a metal or sff brush to clean mixer. Never clean the mixer with a water hose
or any fluid under pressure.
The mixer should be thoroughly cleaned daily.
Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer and cleaned in a sink.
The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be inspected weekly for leaks,
damage, etc. should it become necessary to repack the ball bearings; an authorized
service technician or the manufacturer should be contacted. Use of unapproved grease of
lubricants may lead to damage and void the unit's warranty.
The bowl li track should be lubricated semi-annually, or more oen under heavy usage. Disconnect the unit
from power supply before removing the top housing or apron. The drip cup (Fig. 1)? should be inspected
periodically for moisture or lubricant dripping. Remove the cup and wipe it with a so cloth.
DO NOT use a hose to clean the mixer – it should be washed with a clean damp cloth.
MIXING HEAVY DOUGH
The moisture content of heavy dough is a crical factor when selecng proper mixing speed. You should never
nd
use 2 speed when mixing heavy dough with an Absorpon Rao (AR) of 50% or less.
To determine the Absorpon Rao (AR) of a product, divide the water weight by the flour weight.
Example: Calculate the Absorpon Rao of a mixture containing 10 lbs. of flour and 5 lbs. of water.
10 ÷ 5 = 0.50 = 50% = AR
CAPACITY (QTS. LIQUID) 60 qt.
Egg Whites Wire Whip 2 qt.
Mashed Potatoes Flat Beater 40 lbs.
Mayonnaise (Qts. Oil) Flat Beater 18 qt.
Meringue (Qts. Water) Wire Whip 1.5 qt.
Waffle/Pancake Batter Flat Beater 24 qts.
Whipped Cream Wire Whip 12 qts.
Sheet Cake Batter Flat Beater 45 lbs.
Cup Cake Flat Beater 50 dz.
Layer Cake Flat Beater 70 lbs.
Pound Cake Flat Beater 55 lbs.
Sugar Cookie Flat Beater 100 dz.
Bread or Roll Dough (Light/Medium,
60% AR, =) Dough Hook 80 bs.**
Bread or Roll Dough (Heavy, 55% AR, =) Dough Hook 60 lbs.**
Pie Dough Flat Beater 50 lbs.
Thin Pizza Dough (40% AR, = , 5
min.max. mix time) Dough Hook 40 lbs.**
Medium Pizza Dough (50% AR, =) Dough Hook 70 lbs.*
Thick Pizza Dough (60% AR, =) Dough Hook 70 lbs.**
Raised Donut Dough (65% AR) Dough Hook 30 lbs.*
Whole Wheat Bread Dough (70% AR) Dough Hook 70 lbs.**
Egg & Sugar for Sponge Cake Flat Beater 24 lbs.*
* 1
st
speed ** 2
nd
Speed
* = If high gluten flour is used, reduce above dough batch size by
7
1
8
Description or Name Parts No. Qty
1
TOP COVER
11091-01-001A 1
2
RETAINER- MAIN SHAFT
1109S-01-002 1
3
RETAINER- TRANSMISSION SHAFT
1109S-01-003 2
4
GEAR HOUSE COVER
1109S-01-004 1
5
TRANSMISSION CASE
11100B-01-005 1
6
SUPPORT TO TOP COVER
1109S-01-006 1
7
SCREW
S-C-1/2*1-1/4 2
8
SPRING WASHER 1/2"
SW-1/2 6
9
COVER PLATE
BM10-01-006 1
10
SCREW
S+BR-1/4*3/8 1
11
BOLT 5/16*3/4
S-5/16*3/4 5
12
BOLT 3/8*1- 1/4
S-3/8*1-1/4 8
13
SPRING PIN 6*28
SPP-6*28 4
14
SPRING PIN 10*50
SPP-10*50 2
15
SCREW
S-C-1/2*2-1/4 4
16
MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8
S+R3/16*3/8 4
17
OIL COCK
712-050 1
18
MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8
S+R3/16*3/8 4
19
BOLT 5/16*1/2
S-5/16*1/2 8
20
CONTROL PANEL
11091-01-011B 1
9
NO. PICTURE PARTS NUMBER PARTS NAME
1 XL709-11A CONTROL PANEL W/BOX
2 D11001R STICKER OF PANEL
3 XL711-2-ROHS Power Board W/ BOX
4
MC HUO-11AK/2HP CONTACTOR-220V-3 PHASE
5 Z-15GQ-B LIMIT SWITCH FOR GUARD
10
6 Z-15GW-B LIMIT SWITCH FOR BOWL LIFT
7
CABLE-12-3C-NEMA6-15P-UL POWER CABLE W/PLUG
8
ABESMT44
EMERGENCY STOP (RED
BUTTON)
9
ABMS800M
LOCK NUT
10
ABAU8F01
SWITCH TERMINAL
(800F-X01)
11
C044M6L-AS-02 POWER INDICATOR
12
A010220PSR MAIN SWITCH
11
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
AGITATING SHAFT
11100B-02-001B 1
2
GEAR(50T)
11100B-02-003 1
3
Resistance oil casing
11100B-02-004 1
4
Bevel gear
11193-02-006 1
4
WASHER
11193-02-006A 1
5
LOCK WASHER
M55 1
6
LOCK NUT
MN55 1
7
BALL BEARING 6207Z
BR-6207 1
8
BALL BEARING 6010Z
BR-6010 2
9
KEY
KR-1/4*1/4*100 1
10
KEY
KR-09*14*52 1
12
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
GEAR SHAFT
11100B-03-001 1
2
GEAR(16T)
11100B-03-002 1
3
WASHER
11100B-03-003 1
4
CLUTCH COPPER BUSHING
11100B-03-004 1
5
GEAR(19T)
11100B-03-005 1
6
SHIFTING CLUTCH
11091-03-002 1
7
CLUTCH COPPER BUSHING
11100B-03-007 1
8
GEAR(32T)
11100B-03-008 1
9
KEY
KRR-08*08*43 1
10
C- TYPE SNAP RING S25
STW-S25 1
11
WASHER
1100B-03-011 1
12
WASHER
11100B-03-012 1
13
BALL BEARING 6205
BR-6205 1
14
BOLT 3/8*1/2
S-3/8*1/2 1
15
SPRING WASHER
SW3/8 1
13
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
PULLEY
11092-03-001 1
2
GEAR SHAFT
11100B-04-001 1
3
GEAR(22T)
11100B-04-004 1
4
BALL BEARING 6206
BR-6206 1
5
C- TYPE SNAP RING S25
STW-S25 1
6
KEY 1/4*1/4*50
KR-1/4*1/4*50 1
7
KEY
KRR-10*08*28 1
8
BALL BEARING 6205
BR-6205 1
9
LOCK WASHER
M40*1.5P 1
10
LOCK NUT
MN40 1
11
SPRING WASHER
SW-1/2 1
12
NUT
W1*12NF 1
14
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1 Motor Fixed Seat 11092-05-006 1
2
MOTOR PULLEY
11092-05-003 1
3
MOTOR
11092-05-005 1
4
BELT
M7*1320 8
5
KEY 7*7*40
KR-7*7*40 1
6
SET SCREW 1/4*5/8
S-S1/4*5/16 1
7
BOLT 3/8*3/4
S-3/8*3/4 4
8
WASHER 3/8"
W-3/8 4
9
BOLT 1/2*4
S-1/2*4 1
10
NUT
NUT-W1/2"*12NC 1
11
BOLT 3/8*3/4
S-3/8*3/4 2
15
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
GEAR (14T)
11093-06-001 1
2
CAP SCREW 5/16*1- 1/4
S-C-5/16*1-1/4 4
3
HUB ATTACHMENT
11093-06-002 1
4
ATTACHMENT HOLE PLUG
11091-06-004 1
5
THUMB SCREW
11031-06-005 1
6
BALL BEARING 2907
BR-2907 1
7 O SNAP RING P35 OR-P35 2
16
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
CONTROL PANEL
1109S-01-006D 1
2
HUB & CAM ASSY.
1109S-07-013B 1
3
ECCENTRIC SHIFT SHAFT
1109S-07-003B 1
4
SHAFT FORK
11091S-07-004B 1
5
SHIFTER FIXED SHAFT
11091S-07-005B 1
6
BRACKET GEAR SHIFT
11091-07-006 1
7
HANDLE SEAT
11092-07-007 1
8
NUT 1/2*12NC
NUT-1/2*12NC 1
10
COMPRESSION SPRING
11091-07-018 2
11
STEEL BALL 6
SB-6 2
12
SCREW
S-C5/16*5/8 4
13
SPRING PIN 5*28
SPP-5*28 1
14
OIL SEAL TC38*50*07
OS-TC38*50*07 1
15
MACH SCREW 3/16*3/8
S+R3/16*3/8 4
16
SHIFT HANDLE KNOB
11091-07-012 1
17
SHIFT HANDLE
11091-07-001 1
18
SHIFTING CAM
11091S-07-008B 1
19
PLUNGER
11091S-07-009B 1
20
COMPRESSION SPRING
11091-07-010 2
21
SET SCREW
11091-07-011 2
17
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1 INTERNAL DRIVE GEAR(59T) 11091-08-001 1
2
CAP SCREW 3/8*1- 1/4
S-C-3/8*1-1/4 4
3 INTERNAL PINION (18T) 11091-08-003 1
4
RETAINER
11091-08-004 1
5
PLANETARY HEAD
11091-08-005 1
6
HEAD RING
11091-08-006 1
7
KEY 6*6*35
KR-6*6*35 1
8
AGITATING SHAFT
11091-08-008 1
9
TAPERED PIN
11091-08-009 1
10
OIL SEAL TC43*58*08
OS-TC43*58*08 1
11
OIL SEAL TC40*72*10
OS-TC40*72*10 1
12
BALL BEARING 6306Z
BR-6306Z 1
13
BALL BEARING 6207Z
BR-6207Z 1
14
CAP SCREW 3/8*1
S-C-3/8*1 1
15
WASHER 3/8"
WB-3/8 1
16
MACH SCREW 1/4*5/8
S+R1/4*5/8 2
18
BOLT 1/2*3/4
S-1/2*3/4 1
18
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
HINGE SCREW
11091-09-001 1
2
COLUMN
BM60-09-002 1
3
SLIDEWAY
11091-09-003 2
4
BASE
11091S-09-004C 1
5
COLUMN COVER
11091-09-005 1
6
NUT 5/16*18NC
NUT-5/16*18NC 2
7
BOLT 1/4*3/8
S-1/4*3/8 8
8
SPRING PIN 8*50
SPP-8*50 4
9
CAP SCREW 3/8*1- 1/2
S-C-3/8*1-1/2 12
10
BOLT 5/8*3
S-5/8*3 4
11
SPRING WASHER 5/8"
SW-5/8 4
12
APRON
AXM60-09-016 1
19
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
BOWL CLAMP(LEFT)
11091-10-001A 2
1
BOWL CLAMP(RIGHT)
11091-10-001B 2
2
NUT 5/8*11NC
NUT-5/8*11NC 4
3
BOWL SUPPORT
11091-10-003 1
4
BOWL RETAINER
11091-10-004 1
5
BOWL LOCATING PIN
11091-10-005 2
6
APRON
11091-10-006 1
7
MACH SCREW 3/16*1/4
S+R3/16*1/4 4
8
CAP SCREW 1/4*3/4
S-C-1/4*3/4 2
9
NUT 1/2*12NC
NUT-1/2*12NC 2
10
SPRING WASHER 1/2"
SW-1/2 2
20
21
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
WHEEL HANDLE
11091-11-001 1
2
LIFTING WHEEL
11091-11-002 1
3
CLAMPING ARM
11091-11-003 1
4
WHEEL HANDLE
11091-11-004 1
5
WHEEL BRACKET
11091-11-005 1
6 LIFTING GEAR (41T) 11091-11-006 1
7
LIFTING SCREW
BM60-11-007 1
8
LIFTING NUT
11091-11-008 1
9
RETAINER
11091-11-009 1
10 GEAR (31T) 11091-11-010 1
11 BEVEL GEAR (23T) LIFTING 11091-11-011 1
12
SHAFT
11091-11-012 1
13 BEVEL GEAR (23T) WHEEL 11091-11-013 1
14
CAP SCREW 5/16*1- 1/2
S-C-5/16*1-1/2 4
15
TAPERED PIN 4*32
TP-4*32 2
16
C- TYPE SNAP RING S19
STW-S19 1
17
KEY 5*5*15
KR-5*5*15 1
18
OIL CUP ( 五) OIL-BELL-1/8*3/4
1
19
NUT 1/2*12NC
NUT-1/2*12NC 1
20
KEY 5*5*10
KRR-5*5*10 1
21
FLAT WASHER
WB-3/4 1
22
KEY 5*5*13
KRR-5*5*13 1
23
BALL BEARING 2903
BR-2903 1
24
BALL BEARING 6203
BR-6203 1
25
LOCK WASHER 17
M17 1
26
LOCK NUT
MN17 1
27
SPRING WASHER 3/8"
SW-3/8 2
28
BOLT 3/8*1
S-3/8*1 2
22
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
BEATER
11091-12-001 1
2
SS WHIP
11091-12-002 1
3
HOOK
11091-12-003 1
4
TROLLEY BASE
11091-12-011 1
5
WHEEL 2.5"
WHEEL-001 3
6
NUT 1/2*12NC
NUT-1/2*12NC 3
7
BOWL
11091-12-008 1
23
Description or Name Part No. Qty
1
BACK COVER
GM60-13-001A
1 只
2
FRONT COVER (WIRE)
GM60-13-002B
1 只
3
FIXED RING
11091-13-003A
1 只
4
FIXED SHEET
11091-13-004
1 只
5
BOLT 3/16*1/2
S-3/16*1/2
6 支
6
SET SCREW 5/16*3/8
S-S5/16*3/8
3 只
7
SCREW
S+BR-3/16*1/4
4 支
8
SCREW
1109P-13-008
1 只
9
CONTROL SHAFT
11091-13-007
1 只
10
COMPRESSING SPRING
11091-13-012
1 只
11
CONTROL SHAFT SEAT
1109P-13-006
1 只
24
GREASE AND OIL
for AX-M60(AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051 the machine is made before May 30, 2008).
And the AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051 is use grease in the transmission & planetary head.
But since May 30, 2008, the AXIS M-60 is all use oil.
SHELL DARINA Ep0 (GADUS) should be applied to the gear-box of mixers ranging from 7QT to
40QT, while SHELL SPIRAX S2 A is for either gear-box or planetary head for only 60QT and 80QT.
GREASE
OIL
SHELL SPIRAX® HD
Heavy-duty gear oil for automotive differentials and
manual transmissions
Product Description
Shell Spirax®
HD oils are high performance multigrade extreme-pressure, multipurpose gear lubricants.
They are suitable for heavy-duty truck and automotive differentials, manual transmissions and oil
lubricated wheel bearings. drive-train gears of heavy-duty automotive, trucking and off-road
equipment operated under high-speed/shock load, high-speed/low torque and low-speed/high
torque conditions. They meet the
requirements of API GL-5 and MIL-PRF-2105E and are available in two SAE viscosity grades: 80W-
90 and 85W-140.
Grease type Grease type
7 QT. 0.25 lit. 8.45 us fl oz 0.055 lit. 1.86 us fl oz
12 QT 0.5 lit. 16.90 us fl oz 0.06 lit. 2.03 us fl oz
20 QT. 1 lit. 33.81 us fl oz 0.065 lit. 2.20 us fl oz
30 QT. 1.2 lit. 40.57 us fl oz 0.08 lit. 2.70 us fl oz
40 QT. 2.4 lit. 81.15 us fl oz 0.1 lit. 3.38 us fl oz
60 QT. 4 lit. 135.25 us fl oz 0.3 lit. 10.14 us fl oz
80 QT. 4 lit.
135.25 us fl oz
0.3 lit.
10.14 us fl oz
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
Grease in Gear-box Grease in planetary head
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
25
Scheduled maintenance
NOTE: All maintenance work should be done only after unit has been disconnected from
electrical power and grounding.
Never use a metal or stiff brush to clean the mixer. Never clean the mixer with water hose
or any fluid under pressure.
Do not run the mixer for any extended period of time.
Daily:
The mixer should be cleaned daily. Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer
and cleaned in a sink with soapy warm water.
Weekly:
The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be inspected weekly for leak
and damages. Should it become necessary to repack the ball bearings, an authorized
service technician or the manufacturer should be contacted. Use of unproven grease or
oil (lubricant) may lead to damage and void the warranty.
Monthly:
Verify bowl lift track and
mechanism. The bowl lift
track should be lubricated
semiannually, or more
often under heavy usage.
Disconnect the unit from
power supply before
removing the top housing
or apron. The drip cup
should be inspected
periodically for moisture or
lubricant dripping. Remove
the cup and wipe it with a
soft cloth.
Verify oil level inside the
gear box.
26
Lubrication
The mixer comes with grease-packed ball bearing that do not require regular
lubrication. When it becomes necessary to repack them, contact your local service
company or MVP group Corp.
The polished drip cup protects against lubricant seeping out of the planetary into the
bowl. The drip cup should be wiped clean monthly and inspected for excessive
leakage. The drip cup may be removed by pulling it down.
The bowl lift track and mechanism requires periodic lubrication with a small quantity of
high-quality mineral oil. This lubricant can be applied with a cotton swab or by
fingertip.
CLEANING
Never use a metal or stiff brush to clean mixer. Never clean the mixer
with a water hose or any fluid under pressure.
The mixer should be thoroughly cleaned daily. It should be washed
with a clean damp cloth.
Bowl and agitators should be removed from the mixer and cleaned in a
sink.
The transmission case and planetary mechanism should be
inspected weekly for leaks, damage, etc.
27
MAINTENANCE
DAILY WEEKLY MONTHLY
CLEANING
BOWL
AGITATORS
MIXER
VISUAL INSPECTION
PLANETARY
BOWL LIFT
BOWL GUARD
TOUCH PAD
GEAR BOX
LUBRICATING
BOWL LIFT TRACK
WHAT LUBRICANT TO USE
Never use vegetable oil. Vegetable oil may look like a lubricant but it does not work as a
lubricant. It will congeal, gum up and solidify, acting as a glue. If vegetable oil has been
used, the entire track system must be cleaned and grease with proper lubricant. A mineral
oil will do. There are no specific brands. It is easily found at the hardware store or
pharmacy. See below for lubricants used inside the unit.
GREASE AND OIL
For AX-M60 (AXIS M-60 s/n: 07040051, machine made before May 30, 2008) use grease
in the transmission & planetary head.
But since May 30, 2008, the AXIS M-60 all use oil.
SHELL DARINA Ep0 (GADUS) should be applied to the gear-box of mixers ranging from
7QT to
40QT, while SHELL SPIRAX S2 A is for either gear-box or planetary head for only 60QT
and 80QT.
Grease type Grease type
7 QT. 0.25 lit. 8.45 us fl oz 0.055 lit. 1.86 us fl oz
12 QT 0.5 lit. 16.90 us fl oz 0.06 lit. 2.03 us fl oz
20 QT. 1 lit. 33.81 us fl oz 0.065 lit. 2.20 us fl oz
30 QT. 1.2 lit. 40.57 us fl oz 0.08 lit. 2.70 us fl oz
40 QT. 2.4 lit. 81.15 us fl oz 0.1 lit. 3.38 us fl oz
60 QT. 4 lit. 135.25 us fl oz 0.3 lit. 10.14 us fl oz
80 QT. 4 lit.
135.25 us fl oz
0.3 lit.
10.14 us fl oz
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
Grease and Oil in Gear-box
Grease and Oil in planetary
head
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
HD85W/140 HD85W/140
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
S2 V220 0 JX-3-5G
28
AXIS M60P MIXER TECHNICAL MANUAL
